CYTOKINE RESPONSE TO BACTERIAL TRANSLOCATION IN A MODEL OF INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES IN MACACA MULATTA MONKEYS

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), which are a heterogeneous group of pathologies with various clinical and morphological manifestations, are a significant problem in modern medicine. The aim of the study was to reproduce the signs of IBD in Macaca mulatta (Rhesus macaque) by oral administration of DSS and to assess the cytokine response to intestinal barrier damage and translocation of bacterial components into the vascular bed. Mature Macaca mulatta males (n=5), kept in the wildebeest nursery at the Scientific Research Institute of Experimental Pathology and Therapy of the Academy of Sciences of Abkhazia were selected as the object of the study. The induction of inflammatory bowel disease in Rhesus macaque was carried out by chemical exposure – oral administration of 5% sodium salt of sulfated dextran (DSS) with a molecular weight of 40 000 in volumes corresponding to the physiological needs of animals. Immunological and molecular genetic analysis methods were used to determine cytokines and a marker of microbial translocation. The results of the study showed that induction of IBD in Rhesus monkeys leads to a regular increase in the serum marker of 16S rDNA translocation from the second day after exposure to DSS, reaching maximum values on the sixth day. In parallel with the increase in the translocation marker, there was an increase in the cytokine response, manifested by a significant increase in the concentrations of IL-6 and IFN-γ. The stimulation of cytokine production in response to induction is observed in the early stages, starting from the first day, and reaches peak values on the 2nd to 6th day. It is important to note that after the discontinuation of DSS, the levels of inflammation markers remained high, although they showed a gradual decrease towards the end of the experiment. Thus, a model of chemically induced inflammatory process in Macaca mulatta has been developed, characterized by a clear, predominantly Th1-cytokine profile, accompanied by pronounced microbial translocation. The duration of inflammation induced by DSS is comparable to the time required for acute inflammation to transition into a chronic form. This model can be a valuable tool for further studying the pathogenesis and developing new treatments for IBD.

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