ROLE OF PRO- AND ANTIANGIOGENIC FACTORS IN PLACENTAL DEVELOPMENT

Abstract. Vascular network of placenta exhibits plasticity, and undergoes various dynamic changes in the course of pregnancy. Placental development is controlled by various cytokines and growth factors, and their ratios show strong fluctuations during pregnancy. The purpose of present study was to evaluate expression and secretion of proangiogenic and antiangiogenic factors by placental tissue at early stages (1st trimester) and late terms (3rd trimester) of normally proceeding pregnancy. It was established that at earlier stages (1st trimester), placental tissue produced larger quantities of proangiogenic factors (VEGF, PDGF, IL-8, MMP-2), in comparison to the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. By the 3rd trimester, VEGF-R3 expression and bFGF secretion by placental cells was also decreased, accompanied by increased production of angiogenin. Moreover, a suppressed production of antiangiogenic factors TSP-1 and TGFβ and expression of TGFβ-R1, CD105 receptors by placenta tissue was registered by the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. In permanently evolving placental tissue, an excess of angiogenic factors is observed. Meanwhile, antiangiogenic factors also seem to play an essential role in formation of placental tissue, thus providing angiogenesis inhibition.

The study was supported by Presidential grants of Russian Federation N НШ-1066.2008.7, МК-1355.2007.7, and by a grant of Russian Foundation for Basic Research № 070400155. (Med. Immunol., vol. 10, N 4-5, pp 347-352).

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