FEATURES OF INTERRELATIONS BETWEEN IMMUNE STATUS INDICATORS AND AMOUNTS OF BLAST CELLS IN ACUTE LEUKEMIA

Abstract

Аbstract. The purpose of study was to evaluate some characteristics of immune state in the patients with acute non-differentiated leukemia (ANLL) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and to detect interrelations between the features of immune state and their dependencies on disease stage and quantities of blast cells, using a neuronet modeling approach. A decrease in immune system reactivity was revealed in acute leukemia patients. At any ALL stage, a T-cell immunodeficiency is registered. A decrease of T lymphocyte amounts and reduction of CD4+:CD8+ ratio are associated with occurrence of ALL relapse. Increased contents of NK cells are a feature of ALL recurrence. T cell deficiency emerges during ANLL relapse and remission. Meanwhile, a combined immunodeficiency develops upon relapse of the disease, affecting both T and B systems of immune response. Exhaustion of NK cell contents is a characteristic feature of ANLL, thus potentially promoting progression and relapse of the disease. By means of a neuronet predictor, a significance of information for certain immune state parameters was assessed, by determining amounts of blast cells in bone marrow. It was found that a specific histogram  of  informativity  is  revealed  for  each  group  of  the  patients.  A  computer-based  experiment  was performed which proves the specificity of interrelations between the immune state indices in a neuroprediction model  for  ALL  and  ANLL.  (Med.  Immunol.,  2011, vol. 13, N 1, pp 49-54)