ПЛОТНОСТЬ ЭКСПРЕССИИ РЕЦЕПТОРОВ К ИММУНОРЕГУЛЯТОРНЫМ МЕДИАТОРАМ КАК МОДУЛИРУЮЩИЙ КОМПОНЕНТ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ЭФФЕКТОВ МЕДИАТОРОВ НА КЛЕТКУ (ЧАСТЬ 2)

В обзоре обобщены последние мировые научные данные о роли рецепторов к иммуномедиаторам в регуляции биологических эффектов, оказываемых на клетки. Для основных классов регуляторов иммунной системы (интерлейкинов, интерферонов, факторов роста и факторов некроза опухоли) представлены варианты участия рецепторов как компонентов взаимодействия цитокин/ клетка на примере in vitro и in vivo исследований. Показана способность показателей экспрессии рецепторов менять характер и тип данного взаимодействия. Проанализированы данные об участии рецепторов к регуляторным молекулам в развитии иммуноопосредованных заболеваний различного генеза. Продемонстрировано, что изменение уровня экспрессии рецепторов имеет большое значение в оценке функционального ответа клетки на медиатор и в развитии патологических состояний. В исследованиях подтверждены данные о влиянии плотности рецепторов на процессы пролиферации и апоптоза, а также обменные процессы, что является триггером в развитии аутоиммунных, онкологических и дистрофических заболеваний. Для всех рассмотренных классов регуляторных молекул характерным является изменение плотности экспрессии рецепторов как одного из ключевых моментов регулирования функциональной активности клеток. Таким образом, изучение уровня экспрессии рецепторов на мембране клеток является важным в понимании патогенеза, а изменение уровня экспрессии может рассматриваться как терапевтическая мишень в лечении различных заболеваний.

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