Современные достижения CAT-T иммунотерапии для лечения глиобластомы

Глиобластома остается наиболее распространенной и агрессивной первичной опухолью головного мозга на сегодняшний день. Из-за нейроанатомического расположения глиобластомы обычная химиотерапия и лучевая терапия имеют ограниченную эффективность у пациентов с этими опухолями. В течение последнего десятилетия противоопухолевая иммунотерапия получила широкое распространение среди современных терапевтических подходов. Значимость иммунотерапевтических методов заключается в их способности увеличивать эффективность лечения рака и предотвращать рецидивы путем усиления системного и локального иммунного ответа против опухолевых клеток.

Одним из наиболее перспективных направлений в современной иммунотерапии является CAR-T-терапия или адоптивная клеточная терапия с использованием генномодифицированных Т-лимфоцитов. Функциональное преимущество CAR-T-терапии заключается в ее способности генетически модифицировать лимфоциты, приводя к их активации in vitro.

В настоящем обзоре рассматриваются ключевые принципы CAR-T-терапии и анализируются опубликованные результаты клинических испытаний для лечения глиобластомы с использованием некоторых модификаций CAR-T-клеток.

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