ИММУНОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ЭССЕНЦИАЛЬНОЙ ГИПЕРТЕНЗИИ
https://doi.org/10.15789/1563-0625-2019-3-407-418
Аннотация
Согласно современным представлениям об этиопатогенезе эссенциальной гипертензии, важная роль в ее развитии принадлежит клеткам иммунной системы. Медиаторы, продуцируемые иммунокомпетентными клетками, принимают участие в возникновении и поддержании состояния хронического системного воспаления и способствуют развитию сосудистого ремоделирования, являющегося важным звеном патогенеза заболевания и поражения органов-мишеней. Иммунные механизмы, лежащие в основе повышения артериального давления, включают в себя активацию клеток врожденного и приобретенного иммунитета. Нарушение целостности эндотелия сосудов, запускающее каскад воспалительных реакций, вызывает миграцию в очаг повреждения клеток иммунной системы, привлеченных хемокинами и молекулами адгезии. Инфильтрация макрофагами периваскулярной ткани способствует нарушению вазодилатации и повреждению органов-мишеней благодаря выработке активных форм кислорода. Ангиотензин II вызывает также инфильтацию периваскулярной жировой ткани и адвентиции Т-лимфоцитами и повышенную выработку фактора некроза опухолей альфа и интерферона гамма. Кроме того, Т-лимфоциты экспрессируют минералокортикоидный рецептор, участвующий в развитии системной гипертензии. Важная роль в прогрессировании гипертензии принадлежит интерлейкину-17, участвующему в развитии повышенного артериального давления и ремоделирования сосудов. В обзоре также представлены данные о влиянии кишечной микрофлоры на регуляцию артериального давления и развитие гипертензии.
Ключевые слова
Об авторе
Я. Р. Тимашева
Институт биохимии и генетики Уфимского федерального исследовательского центра Российской академии наук; ФГБОУ ВО «Башкирский государственный медицинский университет»
Россия
Россия
к.м.н., научный сотрудник лаборатории физиологической генетики, (450054, Республика Башкортостан, г. Уфа, пр. Октября, 71, тел./факс: 8 (347) 235-60-88);
доцент кафедры медицинской генетики и фундаментальной медицины ИДПО.
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Рецензия
Для цитирования:
Тимашева Я.Р. ИММУНОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ЭССЕНЦИАЛЬНОЙ ГИПЕРТЕНЗИИ. Медицинская иммунология. 2019;21(3):407-418. https://doi.org/10.15789/1563-0625-2019-3-407-418
For citation:
Timasheva Ya.R. IMMUNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION. Medical Immunology (Russia). 2019;21(3):407-418. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.15789/1563-0625-2019-3-407-418
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