CHARACTERIZATION OF THE ANTIGENIC PHENOTYPE OF MONOCYTES IN THE PERIPHERAL BLOOD OF PATIENTS WITH RECURRECNT PREGNANCY LOSS

Recurrent pregnancy loss is a significant clinical problem affecting 1-5% of the population, while in more than half of the cases the cause of premature loss of pregnancy remains unknown. Changes in the morphofunctional properties of monocytes can be factors leading to various pregnancy complications, in particular, to miscarriage. However, the role of monocytes in the pathogenesis of recurrent pregnancy loss has not been sufficiently studied. The aim of the study was to determine the quantitative changes in the content and antigenic phenotype of platelet-free (not bound to platelets) monocytes at the level of the entire population and individual subpopulations of peripheral blood monocytes in recurrent miscarriage compared to uncomplicated pregnancy. The study groups included 6-12-week pregnant women aged 24-42 years diagnosed with recurrent pregnancy loss and women with uncomplicated pregnancy (7-12 weeks). Monocyte content and expression of CD11b, CD86, CD162, HLA-DR, TREM-1 were determined in the total population and subpopulations of peripheral blood monocytes using cytofluorimetric analysis. It was found that the proportion of platelet-free monocytes decreased (74.6%) compared to uncomplicated pregnancy (83.4%), with all three subpopulations of monocytes (classical, intermediate and non-classical) contributed to the decrease. Decrease in HLA-DR expression and increase in CD11b expression was observed in total PMC, caused by the fraction of classical monocytes, while the expression of CD162, CD86 and TREM-1 did not change significantly. Subpopulations of monocytes contributed differently to the changes in the expression levels of activation markers, associated with recurrent miscarriage, and these changes were not always manifested in the total monocyte population. The results obtained suggest that recurrent pregnancy loss is accompanied by a decrease in the content of free monocytes in the peripheral blood and changes in the antigenic phenotype of monocytes, characterizing a weakening of the proinflammatory properties and an increase in the adhesive properties of these cells. These changes may underlie the pathophysiological processes leading to premature termination of early pregnancy. Determination of the expression patterns ofactivation markers characteristic of a particular obstetric pathology contributes not only to the identification of pathophysiological mechanisms of reproductive disorders, but also to the improvement of methods for their diagnosis and the development of pathogenetically reasoned methods of therapy.

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