mimmunМедицинская иммунологияMedical Immunology (Russia)1563-06252313-741XSPb RAACI10.15789/1563-0625-2016-1-7-14mimmun-983Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSКЛЕТКИ-СУПРЕССОРЫ – ОСНОВА ИММУНОПАТОГЕНЕЗА АУТОИММУННЫХ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙSUPPRESSOR CELLS – THE BASIS OF IMMUNOPATHOGENESIS AUTOIMMUNE DISEASESКозловВ. А.KozlovV. A.

д.м.н., профессор, академик РАН,

630099, Россия, г. Новосибирск, ул. Ядринцевская, 14

Professor, Full Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Director,

630099, Novosibirsk, Yadrintsevskaya str., 14

vakoz40@yandex.ruФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт фундаментальной и клинической иммунологии»РоссияResearch Institute of Fundamental and Clinical ImmunologyRussian Federation201612042016181714Copyright © Козлов В.А., 20162016Козлов В.А.Kozlov V.A.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/983

Обсуждается проблема иммунопатогенеза аутоиммунной патологии. Главное внимание уделяется проблеме участия в патогенезе аутоиммунных заболеваний клеток супрессоров различного происхождения (Treg, мезенхимальные стволовые клетки, клетки-супрессоры миелоидного происхождения). Большое значение в патогенезе придается процессу гомеостатической пролиферации лимфоцитов. Литературные данные свидетельствуют о том, что при аутоиммунной патологии регистрируется снижение функциональной активности обозначенных выше популяций клеток-супрессоров, включая Treg, мезенхимальные стволовые клетки, клетки-супрессоры миелоидного происхождения. Именно на фоне снижения активности клеток-супрессоров появляются клоны аутоагрессивных цитотоксических лимфоцитов, синтезируются аутоантитела, которые и обуславливают формирование аутоиммунной патологии. При этом следует учитывать, что все эти процессы протекают на фоне изменений в иммунной системе, индуцированных гомеостатической пролиферацией лимфоидных клеток.

The issues of immune pathogenesis in autoimmune pathology are discussed in this review. The main attention is drawn to potential pathogenetic role of various suppressor cell populations, including T-regulatory cells, mesenchymal stem cells, myeloid lineage-derived suppressors. Homeostatic lymphocyte proliferation is considered to be of great importance for pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders. Recent data from literature suggest that the autoimmune diseases are characterized by reduced activity of the mentioned suppressor cell populations, thus being a possible prerequisite for development of autoaggressive clones of cytotoxic lymphocytes, increased synthesis of autoantibodies leading to evolving autoimmune pathology. It should be, however, noted, that all these processes are accompanied by changes in the immune system induced by homeostatic proliferation of lymphoid cells.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.