<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-2015-3-211-220</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-885</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ЦИТОКИНОВЫЙ ПРОФИЛЬ ПРИ ВИСЦЕРАЛЬНОМ ОЖИРЕНИИ И НЕБЛАГОПРИЯТНЫЙ КАРДИОВАСКУЛЯРНЫЙ ПРОГНОЗ ИНФАРКТА МИОКАРДА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>CYTOKINE PROFILE IN VISCERAL OBESITY AND ADVERSE CARDIOVASCULAR PROGNOSIS OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Груздева</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gruzdeva</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая лабораторией исследований гомеостаза отдела диагностики сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний.</p><p>Адрес для переписки: Груздева Ольга Викторовна ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний» 650002, Россия, г. Кемерово, Сосновый бульвар, 6. Тел.: 8 (3842) 64-05-53. E-mail: o_gruzdeva@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Chief, Laboratory of Homostasis.</p><p>Address for correspondence:Gruzdeva Olga V. Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases 650002, Russian Federation, Kemerovo, Sosnovy Blvrd, 6. Phone: 7 (3842) 64-05-53. E-mail: o_gruzdeva@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">o_gruzdeva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акбашева</surname><given-names>О. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akbasheva</surname><given-names>O. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая лабораторией исследований гомеостаза отдела диагностики сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">o_gruzdeva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Матвеева</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Matveeva</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории клеточных технологий отдела экспериментальной и клинической кардиологии</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">o_gruzdeva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дылева</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dyleva</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Research Associate, Laboratory of Homostasis</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">o_gruzdeva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Паличева</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Palicheva</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат медицинских наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo State Medical Academy, Russian Ministry of Health Care, Kemerovo</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">o_gruzdeva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каретникова</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karetnikova</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор медицинских наук, заведующая лабораторией патофизиологии мультифокального атеросклероза отдела мультифокального атеросклероза ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний», г. Кемерово; профессор кафедры кардиологии и сердечно-сосудистой хирургии ГБОУ ВПО «Кемеровская государственная медицинская академия» Министерства здравоохранения РФ</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Chief, Laboratory Pathophysiology of Atherosclerosis, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases; Professor, Department of Cardiology and Cardiosurgery, Kemerovo State Medical Academy, Russian Ministry of Health Care,</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">o_gruzdeva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бородкина</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borodkina</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аспирант кафедры факультетской терапии, профессиональных болезней и эндокринологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Graduate Student, Department of Faculty Therapy</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">o_gruzdeva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коков</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kokov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий лабораторией рентгеновской и томографической диагностики</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Chief, Laboratory of Radiation Diagnosis</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">o_gruzdeva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорова</surname><given-names>Т. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorova</surname><given-names>T. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор медицинских наук, профессор, кафедра биохимии и молекулярной биологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biolog</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">o_gruzdeva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барбараш</surname><given-names>О. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Barbarash</surname><given-names>O. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор медицинских наук, профессор, директор ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний», г. Кемерово; заведующая кафедрой кардиологии и сердечно-сосудистой хирургии ГБОУ ВПО «Кемеровская государственная медицинская академия» Министерства здравоохранения РФ</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Director, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Chief, Department of Cardiology and Cardiosurgery, Kemerovo State Medical Academy, Russian Ministry of Health Care, Kemerovo</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">o_gruzdeva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, г. Кемерово</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сибирский государственный медицинский университет, г. Томск</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, г. Кемерово;&#13;
Кемеровская государственная медицинская академия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo;&#13;
Kemerovo State Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-4"><institution>Kemerovo State Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>211</fpage><lpage>220</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Груздева О.В., Акбашева О.Е., Матвеева В.Г., Дылева Ю.А., Паличева Е.И., Каретникова В.Н., Бородкина Д.А., Коков А.Н., Федорова Т.С., Барбараш О.Л., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Груздева О.В., Акбашева О.Е., Матвеева В.Г., Дылева Ю.А., Паличева Е.И., Каретникова В.Н., Бородкина Д.А., Коков А.Н., Федорова Т.С., Барбараш О.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gruzdeva O.V., Akbasheva O.E., Matveeva V.G., Dyleva Y.A., Palicheva E.I., Karetnikova V.N., Borodkina D.A., Kokov A.N., Fedorova T.S., Barbarash O.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/885">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/885</self-uri><abstract><p>Инфаркт миокарда у больных с ожирением может вести к неконтролируемому повышению провоспалительных цитокинов и неблагоприятному течению заболевания. Целью работы было исследование ключевых воспалительных факторов и развития осложнений в отдаленные сроки после инфаркта миокарда у пациентов с висцеральным ожирением. Обследовано 94 мужчин с диагнозом инфаркт миокарда. Висцеральное ожирение диагностировалось с помощью мультиспиральной компьютерной томографии (LightspeedVCT 64, General Electric, США). На 1-е и 12-е сутки госпитализации в сыворотке крови больных определялись концентрации интерлейкинов (TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 и IL-12) и С-реактивного белка. В течение года фиксировали неблагоприятные кардиоваскулярные события. Выявление наиболее информативных показателей выполняли методом пошагового логистического регрессионного анализа. У пациентов с инфарктом миокарда выявлен дисбаланс цитокинового профиля: увеличение провоспалительных маркеров (TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, CRP) и снижение IL-10, более выраженного при висцеральном ожирении. Среди изучаемых маркеров наиболее тесная связь с висцеральным ожирением характерна для концентрации IL-6 и CRP. В течение года неблагоприятные кардиоваскулярные события чаще встречались у пациентов с висцеральным ожирением. В постинфарктный период риск развития осложнений был связан с высокой концентрацией IL-6, IL-12 и дефицитом IL-10. Таким образом, развитие неблагоприятных кардиоваскулярных осложнений через год после перенесенного инфаркта миокарда характерно для больных с висцеральным ожирением и сопровождается активацией провоспалительных цитокинов и дефицитом IL-10. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Presence of myocardial infarction in patients with obesity can lead to an uncontrolled increase in proinflammatory cytokines and unfavorable course of the pathological process. Objective: to study the relationship of key inflammatory factors and the development of complications at different terms after myocardial infarction in patients with visceral obesity. The study involved 94 men with myocardial infarction. Visceral obesity was diagnosed by multi-slice computed tomography (LightspeedVCT 64 ,General Electric,USA). On the 1st and 12th day of hospitalization, we determined serum concentrations of interleukins (TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 IL-10 and IL-12), and C-reactive protein. Adverse cardiovascular events were documented during the next year. The most informative indicators were identified by a stepwise logistic regression analysis. In patients with myocardial infarction an imbalance of cytokine profile revealed, i.e., an increase in proinflammatory markers (TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, CRP), along with decrease in IL-10, being more pronounced in cases of visceral obesity. Among the studied markers, closest relationship was observed between visceral obesity and serum concentrations of IL-6 and CRP. Over the year, adverse cardiovascular events proved to be more frequent in patients with visceral obesity. Post-infarction complication risk was associated with higher concentrations of IL-6, IL-12 and IL-10 deficiency. Hence, development of adverse cardiovascular events within a year after myocardial infarction is more typical to the patients with visceral obesity, and is accompanied by activation of proinflammatory cytokines and IL-10 deficiency.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инфаркт миокарда</kwd><kwd>ожирение</kwd><kwd>воспаление</kwd><kwd>цитокин</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>myocardial infarction</kwd><kwd>obesity</kwd><kwd>inflammation</kwd><kwd>cytokines</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Груздева О.В., Барбараш О.Л., Паличева Е.И., Дылева Ю.А., Кашталап В.В., Поликутина О.М., Акбашева О.Е. Роль свободных жирных кислот в развитии клинических осложнений атеросклероза // Атеросклероз, 2011. № 1. С. 19-25. [Gruzdeva O.V., Barbarash O.L., Palicheva E.I., Dyleva Yu.A., Kashtalap V.V., Polikutina O.M., Akbasheva O.E. The role of free fatty acids in the development of clinical complications of atherosclerosis. Ateroskleroz = Atherosclerosis , 2011, Vol. 1, pp. 19-25. [In Russ.]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Груздева О.В., Барбараш О.Л., Паличева Е.И., Дылева Ю.А., Кашталап В.В., Поликутина О.М., Акбашева О.Е. Роль свободных жирных кислот в развитии клинических осложнений атеросклероза // Атеросклероз, 2011. № 1. С. 19-25. [Gruzdeva O.V., Barbarash O.L., Palicheva E.I., Dyleva Yu.A., Kashtalap V.V., Polikutina O.M., Akbasheva O.E. The role of free fatty acids in the development of clinical complications of atherosclerosis. Ateroskleroz = Atherosclerosis , 2011, Vol. 1, pp. 19-25. [In Russ.]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зыков М.В., Барбараш О.Л., Кашталап В.В., Веремеев А.В., Барбараш Л.С. Клиническая и прогностическая значимость интерлейкина-12 у пациентов с инфарктом миокарда // Медицинская иммунология, 2011. Т. 13, № 2-3. С. 219-226. [Zykov M.V., Barbarash O.L., Kashtalap V.V., Veremeev A.V., Barbarash L.S. Clinical and prognostic value of interleukin-12 in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Meditsinskaya immunologiya = Medical Immunology (Russia), 2011, Vol. 13, no. 2-3, pp. 219-226. [In Russ.]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Зыков М.В., Барбараш О.Л., Кашталап В.В., Веремеев А.В., Барбараш Л.С. Клиническая и прогностическая значимость интерлейкина-12 у пациентов с инфарктом миокарда // Медицинская иммунология, 2011. Т. 13, № 2-3. С. 219-226. [Zykov M.V., Barbarash O.L., Kashtalap V.V., Veremeev A.V., Barbarash L.S. Clinical and prognostic value of interleukin-12 in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Meditsinskaya immunologiya = Medical Immunology (Russia), 2011, Vol. 13, no. 2-3, pp. 219-226. [In Russ.]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ahmad R., Al-Mass A., Atizado V., Al-Hubail A., Al-Ghimlas F., Al-Arouj M., Bennakhi A., Dermime S., Behbehani K. Elevated expression of the toll like receptors 2 and 4 in obese individuals: its significance for obesityinduced inflammation. J. Inflamm. (Lond), 2012, Vol. 9, pp. 9-48.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ahmad R., Al-Mass A., Atizado V., Al-Hubail A., Al-Ghimlas F., Al-Arouj M., Bennakhi A., Dermime S., Behbehani K. Elevated expression of the toll like receptors 2 and 4 in obese individuals: its significance for obesityinduced inflammation. J. Inflamm. (Lond), 2012, Vol. 9, pp. 9-48.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alexopoulos N., Katritsis D., Raggi P. Visceral adipose tissue as a source of inflammation and promoter of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis., 2014, Vol. 233, no. 1, pp. 104-112.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alexopoulos N., Katritsis D., Raggi P. Visceral adipose tissue as a source of inflammation and promoter of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis., 2014, Vol. 233, no. 1, pp. 104-112.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Asea A. Heat shock proteins and toll-like receptors. Handb. Exp. Pharmacol., 2008, Vol. 183, pp. 111-127.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Asea A. Heat shock proteins and toll-like receptors. Handb. Exp. Pharmacol., 2008, Vol. 183, pp. 111-127.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bruun J.M., Lihn A.S., Madan A.K., Pedersen S.B., Schiott K.M., Fain J.N., Richelsen B. Higher production of IL‐8 in visceral vs. subcutaneous adipose tissue. Implication of nonadipose cells in adipose tissue. Am. J. Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2004, Vol. 286, pp. E8-E13.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bruun J.M., Lihn A.S., Madan A.K., Pedersen S.B., Schiott K.M., Fain J.N., Richelsen B. Higher production of IL‐8 in visceral vs. subcutaneous adipose tissue. Implication of nonadipose cells in adipose tissue. Am. J. Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2004, Vol. 286, pp. E8-E13.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bruun J.M., Lihn A.S., Pedersen S.B., Richelsen B. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 release is higher in visceral than subcutaneous human adipose tissue (AT): implication of macrophages resident in the AT. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 2005, Vol. 90, no. 4, pp. 2282-2289.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bruun J.M., Lihn A.S., Pedersen S.B., Richelsen B. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 release is higher in visceral than subcutaneous human adipose tissue (AT): implication of macrophages resident in the AT. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 2005, Vol. 90, no. 4, pp. 2282-2289.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen G., Goeddel D.V. TNF-R1 signaling: a beautiful pathway. Science, 2002, Vol. 296, no. 5573, pp. 1634-1635.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen G., Goeddel D.V. TNF-R1 signaling: a beautiful pathway. Science, 2002, Vol. 296, no. 5573, pp. 1634-1635.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fain J.N., Bahouth S.W., Madan A.K. Involvement of multiple signaling pathways in the post bariatric induction of IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA and release in human visceral adipose tissue. Biochem. Pharmacol., 2005, Vol. 69, no. 9, pp. 1315-1324.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fain J.N., Bahouth S.W., Madan A.K. Involvement of multiple signaling pathways in the post bariatric induction of IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA and release in human visceral adipose tissue. Biochem. Pharmacol., 2005, Vol. 69, no. 9, pp. 1315-1324.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fain J.N., Madan A.K., Hiler M.L., Cheema P., Bahouth S.W. Comparison of the release of adipokines by adipose tissue, adipose tissue matrix and adipocytes from visceral and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissues of obese humans. Endocrinology, 2004, Vol. 145, pp. 2273-2282.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fain J.N., Madan A.K., Hiler M.L., Cheema P., Bahouth S.W. Comparison of the release of adipokines by adipose tissue, adipose tissue matrix and adipocytes from visceral and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissues of obese humans. Endocrinology, 2004, Vol. 145, pp. 2273-2282.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Frangogiannis N.G., Mendoza L.H., Lindsey M.L., Ballantyne C.M., Michael L.H., Smith C.W., Entman M.L. The inflammatory response in myocardial infarction. Cardiovasc. Res., 2002, Vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 31-34.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Frangogiannis N.G., Mendoza L.H., Lindsey M.L., Ballantyne C.M., Michael L.H., Smith C.W., Entman M.L. The inflammatory response in myocardial infarction. Cardiovasc. Res., 2002, Vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 31-34.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gregor M.F., Hotamisligil G.S. Inflammatory mechanisms in obesity. Annual Review of Immunology, 2011, Vol. 29, pp. 415-445.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gregor M.F., Hotamisligil G.S. Inflammatory mechanisms in obesity. Annual Review of Immunology, 2011, Vol. 29, pp. 415-445.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hansson G.K., Robertson A.K., Söderberg-Nauclér C. Inflammation and atherosclerosis. Annu Rev. Pathol., 2006, Vol. 1, pp. 297-329.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hansson G.K., Robertson A.K., Söderberg-Nauclér C. Inflammation and atherosclerosis. Annu Rev. Pathol., 2006, Vol. 1, pp. 297-329.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kohsaka S., Menon V., Lowe A.M., Lange M., Dzavik V., Sleeper L.A., Hochman J.S. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome after acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock. Arch. Intern. Med., 2005, Vol. 165, no. 14, pp. 1643-1650.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kohsaka S., Menon V., Lowe A.M., Lange M., Dzavik V., Sleeper L.A., Hochman J.S. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome after acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock. Arch. Intern. Med., 2005, Vol. 165, no. 14, pp. 1643-1650.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee J. Y., Zhao L., Youn H.S., Weatherill A.R., Tapping R., Feng L., Lee W.H., Fitzgerald K.A., Hwang D.H. Saturated fatty acid activates but polyunsaturated fatty acid inhibits Toll-like receptor 2 dimerized with Toll-like receptor 6 or 1. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2004, Vol. 279, no. 17, pp. 16971-16979.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee J. Y., Zhao L., Youn H.S., Weatherill A.R., Tapping R., Feng L., Lee W.H., Fitzgerald K.A., Hwang D.H. Saturated fatty acid activates but polyunsaturated fatty acid inhibits Toll-like receptor 2 dimerized with Toll-like receptor 6 or 1. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2004, Vol. 279, no. 17, pp. 16971-16979.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Makki K., Froguel P. Wolowczuk I. Adipose tissue in obesity-related inflammation and insulin resistance: cells, cytokines, and chemokines. ISRN Inflammation, 2013.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Makki K., Froguel P. Wolowczuk I. Adipose tissue in obesity-related inflammation and insulin resistance: cells, cytokines, and chemokines. ISRN Inflammation, 2013.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moschen A.R., Molnar C., Enrich B., Geiger S., Ebenbichler C.F., Tilg H. Adipose and liver expression of interleukin (IL)-1 family members in morbid obesity and effects of weight loss. Molecular Medicine, 2011, Vol. 17, no. 7-8, pp. 840-845.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moschen A.R., Molnar C., Enrich B., Geiger S., Ebenbichler C.F., Tilg H. Adipose and liver expression of interleukin (IL)-1 family members in morbid obesity and effects of weight loss. Molecular Medicine, 2011, Vol. 17, no. 7-8, pp. 840-845.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Odegaard J.I., Chawla A. Pleiotropic actions of insulin resistance and inflammation inmetabolic homeostasis. Science, 2013, Vol. 339, pp. 172-177.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Odegaard J.I., Chawla A. Pleiotropic actions of insulin resistance and inflammation inmetabolic homeostasis. Science, 2013, Vol. 339, pp. 172-177.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Olefsky J.M., Glass C.K. Macrophages, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Annual Review of Physiology, 2010, Vol. 72, pp. 219-246.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Olefsky J.M., Glass C.K. Macrophages, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Annual Review of Physiology, 2010, Vol. 72, pp. 219-246.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ouchi N., Parker J.L., Lugus J.J., Walsh K. Adipokines in inflammation and metabolic disease. Nature Reviews Immunology, 2011, Vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 85-97.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ouchi N., Parker J.L., Lugus J.J., Walsh K. Adipokines in inflammation and metabolic disease. Nature Reviews Immunology, 2011, Vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 85-97.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Piccinini A.M., Midwood K.S. DAMPening inflammation by modulating TLR signaling. Mediators of Inflammation, 2010.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Piccinini A.M., Midwood K.S. DAMPening inflammation by modulating TLR signaling. Mediators of Inflammation, 2010.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Satoh M., Shimoda Y., Akatsu T. Ishikawa Y., Minami Y., Nakamura M. Elevated circulating levels of heat shock protein 70 are related to systemic inflammatory reaction through monocyte Toll signal in patients with heart failure after acute myocardial infarction. Eur J. Heart Fail, 2006, Vol. 8, no. 8, pp. 810-815.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Satoh M., Shimoda Y., Akatsu T. Ishikawa Y., Minami Y., Nakamura M. Elevated circulating levels of heat shock protein 70 are related to systemic inflammatory reaction through monocyte Toll signal in patients with heart failure after acute myocardial infarction. Eur J. Heart Fail, 2006, Vol. 8, no. 8, pp. 810-815.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shoelson S.E., Lee J., Goldfine A.B. Inflammation and insulin resistance. J. Clinical Investigation, 2006, Vol. 116, no. 7, pp. 1793-1801.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shoelson S.E., Lee J., Goldfine A.B. Inflammation and insulin resistance. J. Clinical Investigation, 2006, Vol. 116, no. 7, pp. 1793-1801.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Takeda K., Akira S. Toll-like receptors. Curr. Protoc Immunol., 2007, Vol. 14, no. 12, pp. 112-121.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Takeda K., Akira S. Toll-like receptors. Curr. Protoc Immunol., 2007, Vol. 14, no. 12, pp. 112-121.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Weisberg S.P., McCann D., Desai M., Rosenbaum M., Leibel R.L., Ferrante A.W., Obesity is associated with macrophage accumulation in adipose tissue. J. Clin. Invest., 2003, Vol. 112, pp. 1796-1808.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Weisberg S.P., McCann D., Desai M., Rosenbaum M., Leibel R.L., Ferrante A.W., Obesity is associated with macrophage accumulation in adipose tissue. J. Clin. Invest., 2003, Vol. 112, pp. 1796-1808.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
