<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-2015-3-203-210</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-884</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>РЕВМАТОИДНЫЙ АРТРИТ: ЛАБОРАТОРНЫЕ МОДЕЛИ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS: LABORATORY MODELS OF THE DISEASE</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орловская</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlovskaya</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая лабораторией иммунобиологии стволовой клетки ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт фундаментальной и клинической иммунологии», г. Новосибирск.</p><p>Адрес для переписки: Орловская Ирина Анатольевна ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт фундаментальной и клинической иммунологии» 630099, Россия, г. Новосибирск, ул. Ядринцевская, 14. Тел.: 8 (913) 748-60-99. E-mail:irorl@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Head, Laboratory of Stem Cell Immunobiology,</p><p>Address for correspondence: Orlovskaya Irina Anatolievna Research Institute of Basic and Clinical Immunology,630099, Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, Yadrintsevskaya str., 14. Phone: 7 (913) 748-60-99. E-mail:irorl@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irorl@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цырендоржиев</surname><given-names>Д. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsyrendorzhiev</surname><given-names>D. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор медицинских наук, профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник ФГБНУ «Научноисследовательский институт фундаментальной и клинической иммунологии», г. Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">irorl@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щелкунов</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shchelkunov</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор биологических наук, профессор, заведующий отделом геномных исследований и разработки методов ДНК-диагностики поксвирусов ФГУН ГНЦ ВБ «Вектор» Роспотребнадзора, п. Кольцово, Новосибирская область</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">irorl@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт фундаментальной и клинической иммунологии, г. Новосибирск<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Research Institute of Basic and Clinical Immunology, Novosibirsk<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">«Вектор», п. Кольцово, Новосибирская область,<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk region<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>203</fpage><lpage>210</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Орловская И.А., Цырендоржиев Д.Д., Щелкунов С.Н., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Орловская И.А., Цырендоржиев Д.Д., Щелкунов С.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Orlovskaya I.A., Tsyrendorzhiev D.D., Shchelkunov S.N.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/884">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/884</self-uri><abstract><p>Эффективным подходом к исследованию ревматоидного артрита (РА) является создание и использование моделей животных. Экспериментальное изучение различных аспектов формирования и течения РА, включая ранний РА, позволяют приблизиться к пониманию этиопатогенетических механизмов заболевания человека. В обзоре рассматриваются известные в настоящее время модели заболевания. Использование этих  моделей для  тестирования потенциальных терапевтических препаратов поможет прогнозировать их эффективность</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The  establishment and  application of animal  models  represent effective  tools  for  research  in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathogenesis. Animal models that replicate various mechanisms reflecting all aspects of RA, including early RA pathology, have provided important insights into studying etiology and pathogenetic mechanisms of RA in humans. This review article was compiled in order to give an introduction to the current state of RA models.  Application of these  experimental disorders  for testing  potential therapeutic approaches will help to make better predictions for drug efficiency in human RA</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>: ревматоидный артрит</kwd><kwd>модели</kwd><kwd>патогенез</kwd><kwd>этиология</kwd><kwd>животные</kwd><kwd>иммунология</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rheumatoid arthritis</kwd><kwd>experimental models</kwd><kwd>pathogenesis</kwd><kwd>etiology</kwd><kwd>animals</kwd><kwd>immunology</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Российский научный фонд</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Adarichev V.A., Vermes C., Hanyecz A., Mikecz K., Bremer E.G., Glant T.T. Gene expression profiling in murine autoimmune arthritis during the initiation and progression of joint inflammation. Arthritis Res. Ther., 2005, Vol. 7, рр. 196-207.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Adarichev V.A., Vermes C., Hanyecz A., Mikecz K., Bremer E.G., Glant T.T. Gene expression profiling in murine autoimmune arthritis during the initiation and progression of joint inflammation. Arthritis Res. Ther., 2005, Vol. 7, рр. 196-207.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bendele A.M. Animal models of rheumatoid arthritis. J. Musculoskel. Neuron Interact., 2001, Vol. 1, pp. 377-385.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bendele A.M. Animal models of rheumatoid arthritis. J. Musculoskel. Neuron Interact., 2001, Vol. 1, pp. 377-385.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Benito M.J., Sanchez-Pernaute O., Lopez-Armada M.J., Hernandez P. et al Cyclosporin A prevents the histologic damage of antigen arthritis without inducing fibrosis. Arthritis Rheum., 2000, Vol. 43, pp. 311-319.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Benito M.J., Sanchez-Pernaute O., Lopez-Armada M.J., Hernandez P. et al Cyclosporin A prevents the histologic damage of antigen arthritis without inducing fibrosis. Arthritis Rheum., 2000, Vol. 43, pp. 311-319.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Berlo S.E., Guichelaar T., Ten Brink C.B., van Kooten P.J., Hauet-Broeren F., Ludanyi K., et al. Increased arthritis susceptibility in cartilage proteoglycan-specific T cell receptor-transgenic mice. Arthritis Rheum., 2006, Vol. 54, pp. 2423-2433.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Berlo S.E., Guichelaar T., Ten Brink C.B., van Kooten P.J., Hauet-Broeren F., Ludanyi K., et al. Increased arthritis susceptibility in cartilage proteoglycan-specific T cell receptor-transgenic mice. Arthritis Rheum., 2006, Vol. 54, pp. 2423-2433.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brand D.D. Rodent models of rheumatoid arthritis. Comp. Med., 2005, Vol. 55, pp. 114-122.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brand D.D. Rodent models of rheumatoid arthritis. Comp. Med., 2005, Vol. 55, pp. 114-122.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brand D.D., Kang A.H., Rosloniec E.F. Immunopathogenesis of collagen arthritis. Springer Semin. Immunopathol., 2003, Vol. 25, pp.3-18.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brand D.D., Kang A.H., Rosloniec E.F. Immunopathogenesis of collagen arthritis. Springer Semin. Immunopathol., 2003, Vol. 25, pp.3-18.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bush K.A., Walker J.S., Lee C.S., Kirkham B.W. Cytokine expression and synovial pathology in the initiation and spontaneous resolution phases of adjuvant arthritis: interleukin-17 expression is upregulated in early disease. Clin. Exp. Immunol., 2001, Vol. 123, pp. 487-495.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bush K.A., Walker J.S., Lee C.S., Kirkham B.W. Cytokine expression and synovial pathology in the initiation and spontaneous resolution phases of adjuvant arthritis: interleukin-17 expression is upregulated in early disease. Clin. Exp. Immunol., 2001, Vol. 123, pp. 487-495.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cannon G.W., McCall S., Cole B.C., Griffiths M.M., Radov L.A., Ward J.R. Effects of indomethacin, cyclosporin, cyclophosphamide, and placebo on collagen-induced arthritis of mice. Agents Actions, 1990, Vol. 29, pp. 315-323.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cannon G.W., McCall S., Cole B.C., Griffiths M.M., Radov L.A., Ward J.R. Effects of indomethacin, cyclosporin, cyclophosphamide, and placebo on collagen-induced arthritis of mice. Agents Actions, 1990, Vol. 29, pp. 315-323.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Carlsén S., Hansson A.S., Olsson H., Heinegård D., Holmdahl R. Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP)induced arthritis in rats. Clin. Exp. Immunol., 1998, Vol. 114.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Carlsén S., Hansson A.S., Olsson H., Heinegård D., Holmdahl R. Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP)induced arthritis in rats. Clin. Exp. Immunol., 1998, Vol. 114.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Carlson R.P., Datko L.J., O’Neill-Davis L., Blazek E.M., deLustro F., Beideman R. Comparison of inflammatory changes in established type II collagenand adjuvant-induced arthritis using outbred Wistar rats. Int. J. Immunopharmacol., 1985, Vol. 7, pp. 811-826.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Carlson R.P., Datko L.J., O’Neill-Davis L., Blazek E.M., deLustro F., Beideman R. Comparison of inflammatory changes in established type II collagenand adjuvant-induced arthritis using outbred Wistar rats. Int. J. Immunopharmacol., 1985, Vol. 7, pp. 811-826.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen M., Lam B.K., Kanoaka Y., Nigrovic P.A., Audoly L.P., Austen K.F., Lee D.M. Neutrophil-derived leukotriene B4 is required for inflammatory arthritis. J. Exp. Med., 2006, Vol. 203, pp. 837-842.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen M., Lam B.K., Kanoaka Y., Nigrovic P.A., Audoly L.P., Austen K.F., Lee D.M. Neutrophil-derived leukotriene B4 is required for inflammatory arthritis. J. Exp. Med., 2006, Vol. 203, pp. 837-842.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">DeJoy S.Q., Reguson K.M., Sapp T.M., Zabriskie J.B., Oronsky A.L., Kerwar S.S. Streptococcal cell wall arthritis. Passive transfer of disease with a T cell line and crossreactivity of streptococcal cell wall antigens with mycobacterium tuberculosis. J. Exp. Med., 1989, Vol. 170, pp. 369-382.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">DeJoy S.Q., Reguson K.M., Sapp T.M., Zabriskie J.B., Oronsky A.L., Kerwar S.S. Streptococcal cell wall arthritis. Passive transfer of disease with a T cell line and crossreactivity of streptococcal cell wall antigens with mycobacterium tuberculosis. J. Exp. Med., 1989, Vol. 170, pp. 369-382.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dittel B.N., Visintin I., Merchant R.M., Janeway, C.A. Presentation of the self-antigen myelin basic protein by dendritic cells leads to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J. Immunol., 1999, Vol. 163, pp. 32-36. 14. Edwards J.C.W., Sedgwick A.D., Willoughby D.A. The formation of a structure with features of synovial lining by subcutaneous injection of air: an in vivo tissue culture system. J. Pathology, 1981, Vol. 134, pp. 147-156.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dittel B.N., Visintin I., Merchant R.M., Janeway, C.A. Presentation of the self-antigen myelin basic protein by dendritic cells leads to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J. Immunol., 1999, Vol. 163, pp. 32-36. 14. Edwards J.C.W., Sedgwick A.D., Willoughby D.A. The formation of a structure with features of synovial lining by subcutaneous injection of air: an in vivo tissue culture system. J. Pathology, 1981, Vol. 134, pp. 147-156.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Goodson T., Morgan S.L., Carlee J.R., Baggott J.E. The energy cost of adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. Arthritis Rheum., 2003, Vol. 48, pp. 2979-2982.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Goodson T., Morgan S.L., Carlee J.R., Baggott J.E. The energy cost of adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. Arthritis Rheum., 2003, Vol. 48, pp. 2979-2982.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Holmdahl R., Andersson M.E., Goldschmidt T.J., Jansson L., Karlsson M., Malmstrom V. Collagen induced arthritis as an experimental model for rheumatoid arthritis. Immunogenetics, pathogenesis and autoimmunity. APMIS, 1989, Vol. 97, pp. 575-584.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Holmdahl R., Andersson M.E., Goldschmidt T.J., Jansson L., Karlsson M., Malmstrom V. Collagen induced arthritis as an experimental model for rheumatoid arthritis. Immunogenetics, pathogenesis and autoimmunity. APMIS, 1989, Vol. 97, pp. 575-584.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Holmdahl R., Bockermann R., Backlund J., Yamada H. The molecular pathogenesis of collagen-induced arthritis in mice – a model for rheumatoid arthritis. Ageing Res. Rev., 2002, Vol. 1, pp. 135-147.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Holmdahl R., Bockermann R., Backlund J., Yamada H. The molecular pathogenesis of collagen-induced arthritis in mice – a model for rheumatoid arthritis. Ageing Res. Rev., 2002, Vol. 1, pp. 135-147.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huh J.E., Hong J.M., Baek Y.H., Lee J.D., Choi D.Y., Park D.S. Anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effect of Betula platyphylla var. japonica in human interleukin-1β-stimulated fibroblast-like synoviocytes and in experimental animal models. J. Ethnopharmacol., 2011, Vol. 135, pp. 126-134.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Huh J.E., Hong J.M., Baek Y.H., Lee J.D., Choi D.Y., Park D.S. Anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effect of Betula platyphylla var. japonica in human interleukin-1β-stimulated fibroblast-like synoviocytes and in experimental animal models. J. Ethnopharmacol., 2011, Vol. 135, pp. 126-134.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jansson A.M., Lorentzen J.C., Bucht A. CD8+ cells suppress oil-induced arthritis. Clin. Exp. Immunol., 2000, Vol. 120, pp. 532-536.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jansson A.M., Lorentzen J.C., Bucht A. CD8+ cells suppress oil-induced arthritis. Clin. Exp. Immunol., 2000, Vol. 120, pp. 532-536.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Joe B., Griffiths M.M., Remmers E.F., Wilder R.L. Animal models of rheumatoid arthritis and related inflammation. Curr. Rheumatol. Rep., 1999, Vol. 1, pp. 139-148.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Joe B., Griffiths M.M., Remmers E.F., Wilder R.L. Animal models of rheumatoid arthritis and related inflammation. Curr. Rheumatol. Rep., 1999, Vol. 1, pp. 139-148.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kannan K., Ortmann R.A., Kimpel D. Animal models of rheumatoid arthritis and their relevance to human disease. Pathophysiology, 2005, Vol. 12, pp. 167-181.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kannan K., Ortmann R.A., Kimpel D. Animal models of rheumatoid arthritis and their relevance to human disease. Pathophysiology, 2005, Vol. 12, pp. 167-181.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kato A., Matsuo S., Takai H., Uchiyama Y., Mihara M., Suzuki M. Early effects of tocilizumab on bone and bone marrow lesions in a collagen-induced arthritis monkey model. Exp. Mol. Pathol., 2008, Vol. 84, pp. 262-270.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kato A., Matsuo S., Takai H., Uchiyama Y., Mihara M., Suzuki M. Early effects of tocilizumab on bone and bone marrow lesions in a collagen-induced arthritis monkey model. Exp. Mol. Pathol., 2008, Vol. 84, pp. 262-270.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Keffer J., Probert L., Cazlaris H., Georgopoulos S., Kaslaris E., Kioussis D., Kollias G. Transgenic mice expressing human tumour necrosis factor: a predictive genetic model of arthritis. EMBO J., 1991, Vol. 10, pp. 40254031.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Keffer J., Probert L., Cazlaris H., Georgopoulos S., Kaslaris E., Kioussis D., Kollias G. Transgenic mice expressing human tumour necrosis factor: a predictive genetic model of arthritis. EMBO J., 1991, Vol. 10, pp. 40254031.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kimpel D., Dayton T., Hannan K., Wolf R.E. Streptococcal cell-wall arthritis: kinetics of immune cell activation in inflammatory arthritis. Clin. Immunol., 2002, Vol. 105, pp. 351-362.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kimpel D., Dayton T., Hannan K., Wolf R.E. Streptococcal cell-wall arthritis: kinetics of immune cell activation in inflammatory arthritis. Clin. Immunol., 2002, Vol. 105, pp. 351-362.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Koga T., Kakimoto K., Hirofuji T., Kotani S., Ohkuni H., Watanabe K. Acute joint inflammation in mice after systemic injection of the cell wall, its peptidoglycan, and chemically defined peptidoglycan subunits from various bacteria. Infect. Immun., 1985, Vol. 50, pp. 27-34.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Koga T., Kakimoto K., Hirofuji T., Kotani S., Ohkuni H., Watanabe K. Acute joint inflammation in mice after systemic injection of the cell wall, its peptidoglycan, and chemically defined peptidoglycan subunits from various bacteria. Infect. Immun., 1985, Vol. 50, pp. 27-34.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kouskoff V., Korganow A.S., Duchatelle V., Degott C., Benoist C., Mathis D. Organ-specific disease provoked by systemic autoimmunity. Cell, 1996, Vol. 87, pp. 811-822.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kouskoff V., Korganow A.S., Duchatelle V., Degott C., Benoist C., Mathis D. Organ-specific disease provoked by systemic autoimmunity. Cell, 1996, Vol. 87, pp. 811-822.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kyburz D., Corr M. The KRN mouse model of inflammatory arthritis. Springer Semin. Immunopathol., 2003, Vol. 25, pp. 79-90.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kyburz D., Corr M. The KRN mouse model of inflammatory arthritis. Springer Semin. Immunopathol., 2003, Vol. 25, pp. 79-90.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Leung B.P., Conacher M., Hunter D., McInnes I.B., Liew F.Y., Brewer J.M. A Novel Dendritic Cell-Induced Model of Erosive Inflammatory Arthritis: Distinct Roles for Dendritic Cells in T Cell Activation and Induction of Local Inflammation. J. Immunol., 2002, Vol. 169, pp. 7071-7077.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Leung B.P., Conacher M., Hunter D., McInnes I.B., Liew F.Y., Brewer J.M. A Novel Dendritic Cell-Induced Model of Erosive Inflammatory Arthritis: Distinct Roles for Dendritic Cells in T Cell Activation and Induction of Local Inflammation. J. Immunol., 2002, Vol. 169, pp. 7071-7077.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Linton S.M., Morgan B.P. Complement activation and inhibition in experimental models of arthritis. Mol. Immunol., 1999, Vol. 36, pp. 905-914.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Linton S.M., Morgan B.P. Complement activation and inhibition in experimental models of arthritis. Mol. Immunol., 1999, Vol. 36, pp. 905-914.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ma Y., Seiler K.P., Eichwald E.J., Weis J.H., Teuscher C., Weis J.J. Distinct characteristics of resistance to Borrelia burgdorferi-induced arthritis in C57BL/6N mice. Infect. Immun., 1998, Vol. 66, pp. 161-168.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ma Y., Seiler K.P., Eichwald E.J., Weis J.H., Teuscher C., Weis J.J. Distinct characteristics of resistance to Borrelia burgdorferi-induced arthritis in C57BL/6N mice. Infect. Immun., 1998, Vol. 66, pp. 161-168.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maccioni M., Zeder-Lutz G., Huang H., Ebel C., Gerber P., Hergueux J. et al. Arthritogenic monoclonal antibodies from K/BxN mice. J. Exp. Med., 2002, Vol. 195, pp. 1071-1077.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maccioni M., Zeder-Lutz G., Huang H., Ebel C., Gerber P., Hergueux J. et al. Arthritogenic monoclonal antibodies from K/BxN mice. J. Exp. Med., 2002, Vol. 195, pp. 1071-1077.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Makarov S.S., Olsen J.C., Johnston W.N., Anderle S.K., Brown R.R., Baldwin Jr. A.S., Haskill J.S., Schwab J.H. Suppression of experimental arthritis by gene transfer of interleukin 1 receptor antagonist cDNA. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1996, Vol. 93, pp. 402-406.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Makarov S.S., Olsen J.C., Johnston W.N., Anderle S.K., Brown R.R., Baldwin Jr. A.S., Haskill J.S., Schwab J.H. Suppression of experimental arthritis by gene transfer of interleukin 1 receptor antagonist cDNA. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1996, Vol. 93, pp. 402-406.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Martinez-Lostao L., Garcia-Alvarez F., Basanez G., Alegre-Aguaron E. Liposome-bound APO2L/TRAIL is an effective treatment in a rabbit model of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum., 2010, Vol. 62, pp. 2272-2282.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Martinez-Lostao L., Garcia-Alvarez F., Basanez G., Alegre-Aguaron E. Liposome-bound APO2L/TRAIL is an effective treatment in a rabbit model of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum., 2010, Vol. 62, pp. 2272-2282.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Matsumoto M., Maccioni M., Lee D.M., Maurice M., Simmons B., Brenner M. How antibodies to a ubiquitous cytoplasmic enzyme may provoke joint-specific autoimmune disease. Nat. Immunol., 2002, Vol. 3, pp. 360-365.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Matsumoto M., Maccioni M., Lee D.M., Maurice M., Simmons B., Brenner M. How antibodies to a ubiquitous cytoplasmic enzyme may provoke joint-specific autoimmune disease. Nat. Immunol., 2002, Vol. 3, pp. 360-365.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mihara M., Kotoh M., Nishimoto N., Oda Y., Kumagai E., Takagi N., Tsunemi K., Ohsugi Y., Kishimoto T., Yoshizaki K., Takeda Y. Humanized antibody to human interleukin-6 receptor inhibits the development of collagen arthritis in cynomolgus monkeys. Clin. Immunol., 2001, Vol. 98, pp. 319-326.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mihara M., Kotoh M., Nishimoto N., Oda Y., Kumagai E., Takagi N., Tsunemi K., Ohsugi Y., Kishimoto T., Yoshizaki K., Takeda Y. Humanized antibody to human interleukin-6 receptor inhibits the development of collagen arthritis in cynomolgus monkeys. Clin. Immunol., 2001, Vol. 98, pp. 319-326.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mortiz F., Distler O., Ospelt C., Gay R.E., Gay S. Technology insight: gene transfer and the design of novel treatment for rheumatoid arthritis. Nat. Clin. Pract. Rheum., 2006, Vol. 2, pp. 153-162.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mortiz F., Distler O., Ospelt C., Gay R.E., Gay S. Technology insight: gene transfer and the design of novel treatment for rheumatoid arthritis. Nat. Clin. Pract. Rheum., 2006, Vol. 2, pp. 153-162.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Murphy C.A., Langrish C.L., Chen Y., Blumenschein W., McClanahan T., Kastelein R.A., Sedgwick J.D., Cua D.J. Divergent proand anti-inflammatory roles for IL-23 and IL-12 in joint autoimmune inflammation. J. Exp. Med., 2003, Vol. 198, pp. 1951-1957.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Murphy C.A., Langrish C.L., Chen Y., Blumenschein W., McClanahan T., Kastelein R.A., Sedgwick J.D., Cua D.J. Divergent proand anti-inflammatory roles for IL-23 and IL-12 in joint autoimmune inflammation. J. Exp. Med., 2003, Vol. 198, pp. 1951-1957.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Myers L.K., Seyer J.M., Stuart J.M., Terato K., David C.S., Kang A.H. T cell epitopes of type II collagen that regulate murine collagen-induced arthritis. J. Immunol., 1993, Vol. 151, pp. 500-505.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Myers L.K., Seyer J.M., Stuart J.M., Terato K., David C.S., Kang A.H. T cell epitopes of type II collagen that regulate murine collagen-induced arthritis. J. Immunol., 1993, Vol. 151, pp. 500-505.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Okura T., Marutsuka K., Hamada H., Sekimoto T. Therapeutic efficacy of intra-articular adrenomedullin injection in antigen-induced arthritis in rabbits. Arthritis Res. Ther., 2008, Vol. 10, pp. 133-138.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Okura T., Marutsuka K., Hamada H., Sekimoto T. Therapeutic efficacy of intra-articular adrenomedullin injection in antigen-induced arthritis in rabbits. Arthritis Res. Ther., 2008, Vol. 10, pp. 133-138.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pearson C.M. Development of arthritis, periarthritis and periostitis in rats given adjuvants. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 1956, Vol. 91, pp. 95-101.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pearson C.M. Development of arthritis, periarthritis and periostitis in rats given adjuvants. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 1956, Vol. 91, pp. 95-101.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рerruche S., Saas P., Chen W. Apoptotic cell-mediated suppression of streptococcal cell wall-induced arthritis is associated with alteration of macrophage function and local regulatory T-cell increase: a potential cell-based therapy? Arthritis Res. Ther., 2009, Vol. 11, pp. 104-110.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Рerruche S., Saas P., Chen W. Apoptotic cell-mediated suppression of streptococcal cell wall-induced arthritis is associated with alteration of macrophage function and local regulatory T-cell increase: a potential cell-based therapy? Arthritis Res. Ther., 2009, Vol. 11, pp. 104-110.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Res P.C., Schaar C.G., Breedveld F.C., van Eden W., vanEmbden J.D., Cohen I.R., de Vries R.R. Synovial fluid T cell reactivity against 65 kD heat shock protein of mycobacteria in early chronic arthritis. Lancet, 1988, Vol. 2, pp. 478-480.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Res P.C., Schaar C.G., Breedveld F.C., van Eden W., vanEmbden J.D., Cohen I.R., de Vries R.R. Synovial fluid T cell reactivity against 65 kD heat shock protein of mycobacteria in early chronic arthritis. Lancet, 1988, Vol. 2, pp. 478-480.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rioja C.L. Clayton S.J. Graham P.F. Life M.C. Gene expression profiles in the rat streptococcal cell wall-induced arthritis model identified using microarray analysis. Arthritis Res. Ther., 2005, Vol. 7, pp.101-117.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rioja C.L. Clayton S.J. Graham P.F. Life M.C. Gene expression profiles in the rat streptococcal cell wall-induced arthritis model identified using microarray analysis. Arthritis Res. Ther., 2005, Vol. 7, pp.101-117.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sakiniene E., Collins L.V. Combined antibiotic and free radical trap treatment is effective at combating Staphylococcus aureus-induced septic arthritis. Arthritis Res., 2002, Vol. 4, pp. 196-200. 210 Orlovskaya I.A. et al. Орловская И.А. и др. Medical Immunology (Russia)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sakiniene E., Collins L.V. Combined antibiotic and free radical trap treatment is effective at combating Staphylococcus aureus-induced septic arthritis. Arthritis Res., 2002, Vol. 4, pp. 196-200. 210 Orlovskaya I.A. et al. Орловская И.А. и др. Medical Immunology (Russia)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schubert D., Maier B., Morawietz L., Krenn V., Kamradt T. Immunization with glucose-6-phosphate isomerase induces T cell-dependent peripheral polyarthritis in genetically unaltered mice. J. Immunol., 2004, Vol. 172, pp. 45034509.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schubert D., Maier B., Morawietz L., Krenn V., Kamradt T. Immunization with glucose-6-phosphate isomerase induces T cell-dependent peripheral polyarthritis in genetically unaltered mice. J. Immunol., 2004, Vol. 172, pp. 45034509.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schwab J.H., Brown R.R., Anderle S.K., Schlievert P.M. Superantigen can reactivate bacterial cell wall-induced arthritis. J. Immunol., 1993, Vol. 150, pp. 4151-4159.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schwab J.H., Brown R.R., Anderle S.K., Schlievert P.M. Superantigen can reactivate bacterial cell wall-induced arthritis. J. Immunol., 1993, Vol. 150, pp. 4151-4159.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sedgwick A.D., Sin Y.M., Edwards J.C.W., Willoughby D.A. Increased inflammatory activity of newly formed lining tissue. J. Pathol., 1983, Vol. 141, pp. 483-495.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sedgwick A.D., Sin Y.M., Edwards J.C.W., Willoughby D.A. Increased inflammatory activity of newly formed lining tissue. J. Pathol., 1983, Vol. 141, pp. 483-495.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Selye H. On the mechanism through with hydrocortisone affects the resistance of tissues to injury. An experimental study with granuloma pouch technique. JAMA, 1953, Vol. 152, pp.1207-1213.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Selye H. On the mechanism through with hydrocortisone affects the resistance of tissues to injury. An experimental study with granuloma pouch technique. JAMA, 1953, Vol. 152, pp.1207-1213.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Steinman, R. M. DC-SIGN: a guide to some mysteries of dendritic cells. Cell, 2000, Vol. 100, pp. 491-494.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Steinman, R. M. DC-SIGN: a guide to some mysteries of dendritic cells. Cell, 2000, Vol. 100, pp. 491-494.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stuart J.M., Townes A.S., Kang A.H. Collagen autoimmune arthritis. Annu. Rev. Immunol., 1984, Vol. 2, pp. 199-218.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stuart J.M., Townes A.S., Kang A.H. Collagen autoimmune arthritis. Annu. Rev. Immunol., 1984, Vol. 2, pp. 199-218.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Taneja V., Behrens M., Mangalam A., Griffiths M.M., Luthra H.S., David C.S. New humanized HLA-DR4transgenic mice that mimic the sex bias of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum., 2007, Vol. 56, pp. 69-78.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Taneja V., Behrens M., Mangalam A., Griffiths M.M., Luthra H.S., David C.S. New humanized HLA-DR4transgenic mice that mimic the sex bias of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum., 2007, Vol. 56, pp. 69-78.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Terato K., Harper D.S., Griffiths M.M., Hasty D.L., Ye X.J., Cremer M.A. Collagen-induced arthritis in mice: synergistic effect of E. coli lipopolysaccharide bypasses epitope specificity in the induction of arthritis with monoclonal antibodies to type II collagen. Autoimmunity, 1995, Vol. 22, pp. 137-147.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Terato K., Harper D.S., Griffiths M.M., Hasty D.L., Ye X.J., Cremer M.A. Collagen-induced arthritis in mice: synergistic effect of E. coli lipopolysaccharide bypasses epitope specificity in the induction of arthritis with monoclonal antibodies to type II collagen. Autoimmunity, 1995, Vol. 22, pp. 137-147.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit52"><label>52</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Trentham D.E. Collagen arthritis as a relevant model for rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum., 1982, Vol. 25, pp. 911-916.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Trentham D.E. Collagen arthritis as a relevant model for rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum., 1982, Vol. 25, pp. 911-916.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit53"><label>53</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Van Lent P., Nabbe K.C., Boross P., Blom A.B., Roth J., Holthuysen A., Sloetjes A., Verbeek S., van den Berg W. The inhibitory receptor FcgammaRII reduces joint inflammation and destruction in experimental immune complexmediated arthritides not only by inhibition of FcgammaRI/III but also by efficient clearance and endocytosis of immune complexes. Am. J. Pathol., 2003, Vol. 163, pp. 1839-1848.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Van Lent P., Nabbe K.C., Boross P., Blom A.B., Roth J., Holthuysen A., Sloetjes A., Verbeek S., van den Berg W. The inhibitory receptor FcgammaRII reduces joint inflammation and destruction in experimental immune complexmediated arthritides not only by inhibition of FcgammaRI/III but also by efficient clearance and endocytosis of immune complexes. Am. J. Pathol., 2003, Vol. 163, pp. 1839-1848.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit54"><label>54</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vingsbo C., Jonsson R., Holmdahl R. Avridine-induced arthritis in rats; a T cell-dependent chronic disease influenced both by MHC genes and by non-MHC genes. Clin. Exp. Immunol., 1995, Vol. 99, pp. 359-363.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vingsbo C., Jonsson R., Holmdahl R. Avridine-induced arthritis in rats; a T cell-dependent chronic disease influenced both by MHC genes and by non-MHC genes. Clin. Exp. Immunol., 1995, Vol. 99, pp. 359-363.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit55"><label>55</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vital E.M., Emery P. The development of targeted therapies in rheumatoid arthritis. J. Autoimmun., 2008, Vol. 31, pp. 219-227.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vital E.M., Emery P. The development of targeted therapies in rheumatoid arthritis. J. Autoimmun., 2008, Vol. 31, pp. 219-227.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit56"><label>56</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Waksman B.H. Immune regulation in adjuvant disease and other arthritis models:relevance to pathogenesis of chronic arthritis. Scand. J. Immunol., 2002, Vol. 56, pp. 12-34.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Waksman B.H. Immune regulation in adjuvant disease and other arthritis models:relevance to pathogenesis of chronic arthritis. Scand. J. Immunol., 2002, Vol. 56, pp. 12-34.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit57"><label>57</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Watson W.C., Brown P.S., Pitcock J.A., Townes A.S. Passive transfer studies with type II collagen antibody in B10.D2/old and new line and C57Bl/6 normal and beige (Chediak-Higashi) strains: evidence of important roles for C5 and multiple inflammatory cell types in the development of erosive arthritis. Arthritis Rheum., 1987, Vol. 30, pp. 460-465.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Watson W.C., Brown P.S., Pitcock J.A., Townes A.S. Passive transfer studies with type II collagen antibody in B10.D2/old and new line and C57Bl/6 normal and beige (Chediak-Higashi) strains: evidence of important roles for C5 and multiple inflammatory cell types in the development of erosive arthritis. Arthritis Rheum., 1987, Vol. 30, pp. 460-465.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit58"><label>58</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Willliams R.O. Collagen-induced arthritis as a model for rheumatoid arthritis. Methods Mol. Med., 2004, Vol. 98, pp. 207-216.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Willliams R.O. Collagen-induced arthritis as a model for rheumatoid arthritis. Methods Mol. Med., 2004, Vol. 98, pp. 207-216.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit59"><label>59</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Williams R.O. Collagen-induced arthritis in mice: major role for tumor necrosis factor α. Methods Mol. Biol., 2007, Vol. 361, pp. 265-284.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Williams R.O. Collagen-induced arthritis in mice: major role for tumor necrosis factor α. Methods Mol. Biol., 2007, Vol. 361, pp. 265-284.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit60"><label>60</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Williams R.O., Malfait A.M., Butler D.M., Walmsley M.J., Feldmann M., Maini R.N. Combination therapy with DMARDs and biological agents in collagen-induced arthritis. Clin. Exp. Rheum., 1999, Vol. 17, pp. 115-120.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Williams R.O., Malfait A.M., Butler D.M., Walmsley M.J., Feldmann M., Maini R.N. Combination therapy with DMARDs and biological agents in collagen-induced arthritis. Clin. Exp. Rheum., 1999, Vol. 17, pp. 115-120.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit61"><label>61</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wooley P.H., Dutcher J., Widmer M.B., Gillis S. Influence of a recombinant human soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor FC fusion protein on type II collagen-induced arthritis in mice. J. Immunol., 1993, Vol. 151, pp. 66026607.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wooley P.H., Dutcher J., Widmer M.B., Gillis S. Influence of a recombinant human soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor FC fusion protein on type II collagen-induced arthritis in mice. J. Immunol., 1993, Vol. 151, pp. 66026607.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit62"><label>62</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Young D.A., Hegen M., Ma H.L., Whitters M.J., Albert L.M., Lowe L., Senices M., Wu P.W., Sibley B., Leathurby Y., Brown T.P., Nickerson-Nutter C., Keith J.C. Jr., Collins M. Blockade of the interleukin-21/interleukin-21 receptor pathway ameliorates disease in animal models of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum., 2007, Vol. 56, pp. 1152-1163.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Young D.A., Hegen M., Ma H.L., Whitters M.J., Albert L.M., Lowe L., Senices M., Wu P.W., Sibley B., Leathurby Y., Brown T.P., Nickerson-Nutter C., Keith J.C. Jr., Collins M. Blockade of the interleukin-21/interleukin-21 receptor pathway ameliorates disease in animal models of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum., 2007, Vol. 56, pp. 1152-1163.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit63"><label>63</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhu W., Meng L., Jiang C., Hou W., Xu J., Wang B., Lu S. Induction of toll-like receptor 2 positive antigenpresenting cells in spleen of pristane-induced arthritis in rats. Mol. Biol. Rep., 2012, Vol. 39, pp. 3667-3673</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhu W., Meng L., Jiang C., Hou W., Xu J., Wang B., Lu S. Induction of toll-like receptor 2 positive antigenpresenting cells in spleen of pristane-induced arthritis in rats. Mol. Biol. Rep., 2012, Vol. 39, pp. 3667-3673</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
