mimmunМедицинская иммунологияMedical Immunology (Russia)1563-06252313-741XSPb RAACI10.15789/1563-0625-2014-3-257-264mimmun-691Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИORIGINAL ARTICLESСУБПОПУЛЯЦИОННЫЙ СОСТАВ ЛИМФОЦИТОВ ПЕРИФЕРИЧЕСКОЙ КРОВИ И ЦИТОКИНОВЫЙ ПРОФИЛЬ ПРИ ПАРОДОНТИТЕPERIPHERAL BLOOD LYMPHOCYTE SUBPOPULATIONS AND CYTOKINE PROFILE IN PERIODONTITISТеблоеваЛ. М.TebloevaL. M.

к.м.н., докторант кафедры ФПДО, Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова

PhD (Medicine), Doctoral Candidate, Faculty of Postgraduate Education, Moscow A.I. Evdokimov University of Medical Dentistry

ГусеваО. А.GusevaO. A.

к.б.н., старший научный сотрудник, лаборатория клеточной иммунологии ФГБУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Министерства здравоохранения РФ

PhD (Biology), Senior Research Associate, Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Dmitry Rogachev Federal Research Clinical Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Health Care

ХайдуковС. В.KhaidukovS. V.

д.б.н., заведующий лабораторией ФГБУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Министерства здравоохранения РФ, старший научный сотрудник ФГБУН «Институт биоорганической химии им. академиков М.М. Шемякина и Ю.А. Овчинникова»

PhD, MD (Biology), Head of Laboratory, Dmitry Rogachev Federal Research Clinical Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Health Care; Senior Research Associate, M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bio-Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences

khsergey54@mail.ruМосковский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова, МоскваРоссияMoscow A.I. Evdokimov University of Medical Dentistry, MoscowRussian FederationФГБУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Министерства здравоохранения РФ, МоскваРоссияDmitry Rogachev Federal Research Clinical Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Health Care, MoscowRussian FederationТехнопарк, ФГБУН «Институт биоорганической химии имени академиков М.М. Шемякина и Ю.А. Овчинникова Российской академии наук, МоскваРоссияM.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bio-Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow Dmitry Rogachev Federal Research Clinical Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Health Care, MoscowRussian Federation201401082014163257264Copyright © Теблоева Л.М., Гусева О.А., Хайдуков С.В., 20142014Теблоева Л.М., Гусева О.А., Хайдуков С.В.Tebloeva L.M., Guseva O.A., Khaidukov S.V.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/691

Причиной возникновения пародонтита являются функциональные нарушения в иммунной системе, которые способствуют персистенции воспалительного инфильтрата в тканях пародонта, что приводит к хроническому воспалению. Важную роль в развитии пародонтита играют нарушения как местного, так и системного иммунитета. Местная иммунореактивность связана с индукцией экспрессии провоспалительных цитокинов и привлечением провоспалительных клеток. Системные нарушения ассоциируются с изменениями субпопуляций Т-хелперов, а также CD3-CD8+ лимфоцитов. Степень выраженности воспалительного процесса и характер течения пародонтита определяется как качественным, так и количественным содержанием Т-хелперов, экспессирующих молекулы CD45RA и CD45RO. Субпопуляционный состав Т-лимфоцитов прямо коррелирует с цитокиновым профилем в сыворотке крови и жидкости десневого кармана. Возрастание концентрации IL-17, а также повышение уровней IFNγ и IL-18 в сыворотке крови больных подтверждают наличие аутоиммунной компоненты при пародонтите. В процессе возникновения и развития пародонтита важная роль принадлежит остеокластерным цитокинам sRANKL и OPG, а определение их соотношения в жидкости десневого кармана целесообразно для прогнозирования течения пародонтита.

Functional disorders of immune system are among potential reasons of periodontal disease, thus contributing to persistence of inflammatory infiltrate in periodontal tissues and resulting into chronic local inflammation. Disturbances of local and systemic immunity play an important role in the development of periodontitis. Local immunoreactivity is associated with the induced expression of proinflammatory cytokines and attraction of pro-inflammatory cells. Systemic disorders are associated with changes in T-helper cell subpopulations, as well as those of CD3-CD8+ lymphocytes. Severity of inflammatory events and clinical course of periodontal disease is determined by qualitative and quantitative content of the T-helper cells, that express CD45RA and CD45RO antigens. Composition of T cell subsets shows direct correlations with cytokine profile in blood serum and crevicular fluid from gingival pockets. A higher IL-17 concentration, as well as increased IFNγ and IL-18 levels in blood serum of the patients suggest a potential autoimmune mechanism in periodontitis. Upon emergence and development of periodontitis, an important role may be ascribed to ‘osteocluster’ cytokines (sRANKL and OPG), and detecton of their relative contents in crevicular fluid may be proposed for testing, in order to predict clinical risks in periodontitis.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.