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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-2006-1-5-22</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-409</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LECTURE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ФУНДАМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ ИММУНОБИОЛОГИЯ ПРОВОСПАЛИТЕЛЬНЫХ ЦИТОКИНОВ И MIF</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>FUNDAMENTAL IMMUNOBIOLOGY OF PRO-INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES AND MIF</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суслов</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suslov</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>лаборатория эффекторов и медиаторов воспаления</p><p>123098, ул.Гамалеи, д.18. Тел.: (495)193‑61‑31, факс (495) 193‑43‑50</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Anatoly.suslov@nearmedic.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коноплева</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konopleva</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>лаборатория эффекторов и медиаторов воспаления</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Anatoly.suslov@nearmedic.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Третьяков</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tretiakov</surname><given-names>O. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>лаборатория эффекторов и медиаторов воспаления</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Anatoly.suslov@nearmedic.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>ГУ НИИЭМ им.Н.Ф.Гамалеи РАМН, Москва</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2006</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>07</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>22</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Суслов А.П., Коноплева М.В., Третьяков О.Ю., 2014</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Суслов А.П., Коноплева М.В., Третьяков О.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Suslov A.P., Konopleva M.V., Tretiakov O.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/409">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/409</self-uri><abstract><p>Резюме. Сравнение цитокинов и MIF по основным общебиологическим свойствам показывает наличие, как сходства, так и существенных различий. Особенностями MIF являются уникальность его структуры, повсеместная распространенность в органах и тканях организма, исключительно широкое разнообразие функций (провоспалительный цитокин, фермент, гормон), способность индуцироваться глюкокортикои дами и оказывать контррегулирующее действие на их иммуносупрессивные эффекты. MIF находится в преформированном состоянии в лимфоцитах, макрофагах и клетках эндотелия. Он выделяется этими клетками и функционирует как фактор мобилизации защитной системы уже в первые минуты чужеродного воздействия. MIF проявляет свойства суперлиганда, связываясь со множеством биологически важных молекул, Этот фактор осуществляет функции, важные для активации клетки, ее размножения и гибели, используя разнообразные внутриклеточные сигнальные пути. В эволюции гомологи MIF обнаруживают уже у растений и бактерий, то есть до появления адоптивной и врожденной иммунной системы. В онтогенезе MIF появляется уже на стадии первых клеточных делений. Широта функций MIF многообразие его лига дных связей, разнообразие путей реализации функций, повсеместное распространения в организме, раннее появление в онтогенезе и филогенезе, а также в ходе защитной реакции клетки и организма в целом – все эти факторы вместе взятые позволяют позиционировать MIF как особый тип цитокина – эоцитокин (от греческого эо – ранний). Предполагается, что MIF может функционировать как ключевой фактор «естественной устойчивости» клетки и организма.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Fundamental immunobiology of proinflammatory cytokines and MIF</p><p>There are a lot of similarity as well as differences when we compare cytokines with MIF according their biological properties. MIF characteristics are unique structure, organs and tissues ubiquity, extremely wide variety of functions (proinflammatory cytokine, enzyme, hormone), ability to be induced by glucocorticoid hormones and affects as their immunosuppressive effects antagonist. MIF exists in preformed condition in lymphocytes, macrophages and endothelium cells. It secrets by these cells and operates as a mobilizing defense system factor in the first minutes of foreign invasion. MIF exhibits the properties of super-ligand binding with many biologically important molecules. This factor carries out the functions that are important for cell activation, proliferation and death, using a variety of intracellular signaling pathways. Some of MIF homologues exists in plants and bacteria earlier than innate and adaptive immune systems appears in evolution. In ontogenesis MIF appears at the stage of firsts cell divisions. MIF has a lot of functions, variety of ligand bindings, many effector pathways, it appears early in ontogeny and phylogeny. MIF takes part into protective reactions at any levels – from cell up to whole organism. All these MIF features taking together into account make it possible to possess it as a particular type of cytokine – eocytokine (from Greek word “eo” – early). It is assumed that MIF may function as some kind of cells and organisms "natural stability" key factor.</p></trans-abstract></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abe R., Peng T., Sailors J., Bucala R., Metz C.N. Regulation of the CTL response by macrophage migration inhibitory factor // J. Immunol.-2001.-Vol.166, №2.-P.747-753.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abe R., Peng T., Sailors J., Bucala R., Metz C.N. Regulation of the CTL response by macrophage migration inhibitory factor // J. 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