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<article article-type="conference-paper" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-TPO-3455</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-3455</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SHORT COMMUNICATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ФЕНОМЕН ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ АГРЕГИРОВАННЫХ ДНК-СОДЕРЖАЩИХ ВНЕКЛЕТОЧНЫХ ЛОВУШЕК У БОЛЬНЫХ С ДИАБЕТИЧЕСКИМ ПОРАЖЕНИЕМ СТОП</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE PHENOMENON OF AGGREGATED EXTRACELLULAR TRAP FORMATION IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETIC FOOT LESIONS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6775-323X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Золотов</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zolotov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, старший научный сотрудник ЦНИЛ, доцент кафедры патофизиологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Senior Researcher of the Central Scientific Research Laboratory (CSRL), Associate Professor of the Department of Pathophysiology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">azolotov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4339-2222</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новиков</surname><given-names>Д. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikov</surname><given-names>D. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, доцент кафедры клинической лабораторной диагностики ДПО, заведующий ЦНИЛ</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics of Additional Professional Education, Head of the Central Scientific Research Laboratory (CSRL)</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">novikov.dm.omsk@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0536-0924</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савочкина</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savochkina</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой микробиологии, вирусологии и иммунологии, директор НИИ иммунологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology, Director of the Research Institute of Immunology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alina7423@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8317-7765</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Друк</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Druk</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой Внутренних болезней и семейной медицины ДПО</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Internal and Family Medicine, including Postgraduate Training Courses</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">drukinna@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1951-5824</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Индутный</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Indutny</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой клинической лабораторной диагностики ДПО</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics of Additional Professional Education</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kld-omsk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8411-0973</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кириченко</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirichenko</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент кафедры клинической лабораторной диагностики ДПО, младший научный сотрудник ЦНИЛ</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant of the Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics of Additional Professional Education, Associate Researcher of the Central Scientific Research Laboratory (CSRL)</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">honomer_1608@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5649-2783</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кирх</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirkh</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ординатор второго года обучения кафедры внутренних болезней и семейной медицины ДПО</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Resident of the Department of Internal and Family Medicine, including Postgraduate Training Courses</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kirh_00@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Омский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Омск, Россия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Южно-Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Челябинск, Россия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>South Ural State Medical University, Chelyabinsk, Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>0</issue><issue-title>Online First</issue-title><elocation-id>3455</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Золотов А.Н., Новиков Д.Г., Савочкина А.Ю., Друк И.В., Индутный А.В., Кириченко Н.А., Кирх Е.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Золотов А.Н., Новиков Д.Г., Савочкина А.Ю., Друк И.В., Индутный А.В., Кириченко Н.А., Кирх Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zolotov A.N., Novikov D.G., Savochkina A.Y., Druk I.V., Indutny A.V., Kirichenko N.A., Kirkh E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/3455">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/3455</self-uri><abstract><p>Нейтрофильные внеклеточные ловушки (НВЛ) представляют собой фибриллярные структуры из деконденсированного хроматина и бактерицидных белков, играющие важную роль в патогенезе осложнений сахарного диабета. Особый интерес вызывают агрегированные формы НВЛ (агНВЛ) – макроскопические конгломераты, способные ограничивать воспаление путем деградации цитокинов, но одновременно создающие риск окклюзии сосудистого русла. Цель исследования: провести сравнительный анализ интенсивности формирования агрегированных и неагрегированных внеклеточных ловушек  (ВЛ) клетками различных фракций лейкоцитов периферической крови у пациентов с диабетическим поражением стоп.</p><p>В поперечное исследование были включены 73 пациента (53 с СДС, 20 с НОА) и 20 здоровых лиц контрольной группы. Анализ продукции ВЛ проводился раздельно во фракциях мононуклеаров и гранулоцитов с использованием флуоресцентной микроскопии. Формирование ВЛ оценивали в спонтанных условиях и при воздействии стимуляторов: тромбина и стимулятора бактериального происхождения.</p><p>В ходе исследования выявлено значимое повышение концентрации CitH3 в сыворотке крови пациентов с НОА (Me=7,12 нг/мл) по сравнению с контролем (Me=1,42 нг/мл; p=0,0003). В мононуклеарной фракции больных НОА зафиксирована максимальная интенсивность спонтанного формирования неагрегированных (Me=8,05% против 0,40% в контроле; p=0,0079) и агВЛ (Me=4,70% против 0,00%; p=0,0072). Стимуляция тромбином также показала гиперреактивность мононуклеарной фракции при НОА: доля неагрегированных ВЛ (Me=20,10%) значимо превышала показатели контроля (p=0,0003) и группы СДС (p=0,0067). Также в группе НОА отмечен статистически значимый рост количества тромбин-индуцированных агВЛ (p=0,0155). При микробной стимуляции значимое увеличение уровня агрегатов наблюдалось у пациентов с НОА в мононуклеарной фракции (p=0,0051) и у пациентов с СДС в гранулоцитарной фракции (p=0,0055).</p><p>Таким образом, пациенты с НОА характеризуются повышенной спонтанной способностью клеток мононуклеарной фракции к формированию как агрегированных, так и неагрегированных ВЛ по сравнению с контрольной группой и группой пациентов с СДС. Повышение способности к формированию ВЛ наблюдается у больных с диабетическим поражением стоп в условиях происходящего in vivo нетоза, о чем свидетельствует повышение уровня citH3 в крови. Обнаруженные во фракции мононуклеаров нейтрофилы низкой плотности (15-30%) могут являться основным источником формируемых ВЛ, что требует дальнейшего изучения их роли в патогенезе НОА.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are fibrillar structures composed of decondensed chromatin and bactericidal proteins that play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes complications. Of particular interest are aggregated forms of NETs (aggNETs) – macroscopic conglomerates capable of limiting inflammation through cytokine degradation while simultaneously posing a risk of vascular occlusion. Aim of the study: to conduct a comparative analysis of the intensity of formation of aggregated and non-aggregated extracellular traps (ETs) by cells of various peripheral blood leukocyte fractions in patients with diabetic foot lesions.</p><p>This cross-sectional study included 73 patients (53 with DFS, 20 with NOA) and 20 healthy controls. Analysis of NET production was performed separately in mononuclear and granulocyte fractions using fluorescence microscopy. NET formation was assessed under spontaneous conditions and upon stimulation with thrombin and a bacterial stimulus (commercial probiotic).</p><p>The study revealed a significant increase in serum CitH3 concentration in NOA patients (Me=7.12 ng/mL) compared to controls (Me=1.42 ng/mL; p=0.0003). In the mononuclear fraction of NOA patients, the highest intensity of spontaneous non-aggregated (Me=8.05% vs. 0.40% in controls; p=0.0079) and aggNET formation (Me=4.70% vs. 0.00%; p=0.0072) was recorded. Thrombin stimulation also demonstrated hyperreactivity of the mononuclear fraction in NOA: the proportion of non-aggregated NETs (Me=20.10%) significantly exceeded control (p=0.0003) and DFS group (p=0.0067) values. Additionally, the NOA group showed a statistically significant increase in the number of thrombin-induced aggNETs (p=0.0155). Upon microbial stimulation, a significant increase in aggregate levels was observed in NOA patients in the mononuclear fraction (p=0.0051) and in DFS patients in the granulocyte fraction (p=0.0055).</p><p>Thus, NOA patients are characterized by an increased spontaneous ability of mononuclear fraction cells to form both aggregated and non-aggregated NETs compared to the control group and the DFS patient group. An increased ability to form NETs is observed in patients with diabetic foot lesions under conditions of ongoing in vivo NETosis, as evidenced by elevated blood citH3 levels. Low-density neutrophils (15-30%) detected in the mononuclear fraction may be the main source of the NETs formed, which requires further study of their role in the pathogenesis of NOA.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сахарный диабет</kwd><kwd>синдром диабетической стопы</kwd><kwd>нейроостеоартропатия</kwd><kwd>нейтрофилы низкой плотности</kwd><kwd>нетоз</kwd><kwd>нейтрофильные внеклеточные ловушки</kwd><kwd>цитруллинированный гистон H3.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>diabetic foot syndrome</kwd><kwd>neuro-osteoarthropathy</kwd><kwd>low-density neutrophils (LDNs)</kwd><kwd>netosis (NETosis)</kwd><kwd>neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)</kwd><kwd>citrullinated histone H3 (CitH3).</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 25-25-20206, https://rscf.ru/project/25-25-20206/</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was funded by the Russian Science Foundation grant No. 25-25-20206, https://rscf.ru/project/25-25-20206/</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ramos-Martínez E., Hernández-González L., Ramos-Martínez I., Pérez-Campos Mayoral L., López-Cortés G.I., Pérez-Campos E., Mayoral Andrade G., Hernández-Huerta M.T., José M.V. 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