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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-CIS-3450</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-3450</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>КОМПЛЕКСНЫЙ IN SILICO АНАЛИЗ ПОЛИМОРФНЫХ ВАРИАНТОВ ГЕНОВ KNG1, MYOF, HS3ST6 У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С НАО I ТИПА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>COMPREHENSIVE IN SILICO ANALYSIS OF POLYMORPHIC VARIANTS IN THE KNG1, MYOF, AND HS3ST6 GENES IN PATIENTS WITH HAE TYPE I</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0613-0383</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Седых</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sedykh</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Младший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной иммунологии </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior researcher at the Laboratory of Immunology and Virology of HIV Infection </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ann_sedykh@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2270-8897</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Останкова</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ostankova</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., заведующая лабораторией иммунологии и вирусологии ВИЧ-инфекции, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной иммунологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Head of the Laboratory of Immunology and Virology HIV, Senior Researcher at the Laboratory of Molecular Immunology St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shenna1@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4550-4870</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савин</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savin</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., врач аллерголог-иммунолог </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medical), allergist-immunologist </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">savintihon@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8318-5241</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрусенко</surname><given-names>Ю. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrusenko</surname><given-names>Yu. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник ООО «Биотек кампус»</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>researcher associate at Biotech Campus LLC</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">YPetrusenko@biotc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4571-8799</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тотолян</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Totolian</surname><given-names>A. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>академик РАН, д.м.н., профессор, заведующий лабораторией молекулярной иммунологии, директор ФБУН «Санкт-Петербургский НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Пастера» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека, заведующий кафедрой иммунологии Первого Санкт-Петербургского медицинского университета имени академика И.П. Павлова. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Head at the Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Director of the St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute; head Department of Immunology, First St. Petersburg State Medical University named after Academician I.P. Pavlov</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">totolian@pasteurorg.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Санкт-Петербургский НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Пастера» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека (Санкт-Петербург, Россия)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint-Petersburg Pasteur Institute, Saint Petersburg, Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Санкт-Петербургский НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Пастера» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека (Санкт-Петербург, Россия);&#13;
ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова» Министерства здравоохранения РФ (Санкт-Петербург, Россия)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint-Petersburg Pasteur Institute, Saint Petersburg, Russia;&#13;
First St. Petersburg State I. Pavlov Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО “Биотек кампус” (Москва, Россия);&#13;
Институт биоорганической химии имени М. М. Шемякина и Ю. А. Овчинникова РАН (Москва, Россия)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Biotech Campus LLC, Moscow, Russia;&#13;
Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>0</issue><issue-title>Online First</issue-title><elocation-id>3450</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Седых А.В., Останкова Ю.В., Савин Т.В., Петрусенко Ю.С., Тотолян А.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Седых А.В., Останкова Ю.В., Савин Т.В., Петрусенко Ю.С., Тотолян А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sedykh A.V., Ostankova Y.V., Savin T.V., Petrusenko Y.S., Totolian A.А.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/3450">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/3450</self-uri><abstract><p>Наследственный ангиоотек (НАО) представляет собой редкое наследственное заболевание, проявляющееся периодическими эпизодами отёка кожи, слизистых оболочек и внутренних органов. Развитие заболевания связано с нарушением регуляции калликреин-кининовой системы, что приводит к избыточной продукции брадикинина. Наиболее распространённой формой является НАО I типа, возникающий вследствие количественного дефицита C1-ингибитора, обусловленного мутациями в гене SERPING1. Генетический анализ в большинстве случаев ограничивается выявлением патогенетически значимых вариантов в SERPING1. При этом потенциальный вклад дополнительных генетических изменений в других генах, участвующих в регуляции калликреин-кининовой системы, игнорируется и остаётся недостаточно изученным.</p><p>Целью нашей работы было оценить при помощи биоинформатического метода возможную патогенетическую значимость редких полиморфных вариантов в генах KNG1, MYOF, HS3ST6 у пациентов с НАО I типа.</p><p>Материалом служила цельная кровь 24 пациентов с симптомами НАО, полученная вне обострения. Диагноз устанавливался на основании клинических, лабораторных и генетических данных. Было проведено полногеномное секвенирование с последующим анализом дополнительных генетических вариантов в генах, участвующих в регуляции калликреин-кининового каскада, включая варианты с неопределённым клиническим значением. Для прогноза клинической значимости найденных полиморфных вариантов на белки KNG1, MYOF, HS3ST6 были использованы различные веб-ресурсы, основанные на разных алгоритмах (ConSurf, PrimateAI, CADD, PolyPhen-2, SNPs&amp;GO, PhD-SNP, MutationTaster2021, PredictSNP, MuPro, MutPred2, Michelanglo-VENUS и I-Mutant2.0, MolProbity). Проверку структур проводили в программе ChimeraX.</p><p>Результаты. При полногеномном секвенировании у 4 неродственных пациентов помимо патогенетически значимой мутации в гене SERPING1 были найдены NM_001102416.3:c.758-7C&gt;G в гене KNG1, NM_001009606.4:c.542G&gt;A в гене HS3ST6 и два полиморфных варианта NM_013451.4:c.3499T&gt;C и NM_013451.4:c.6058G&gt;A в гене MYOF с неизвестным клиническим значением. In silico анализ показал, что патогенетически наиболее значимый потенциал имеет полиморфный вариант NM_001009606.4:c.542G&gt;A в гене HS3ST6. При этом результаты различных прогностических алгоритмов для ряда других исследуемых генетических вариантов оказались противоречивыми.</p><p>Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о возможной роли дополнительных полиморфных вариантов в генах, участвующих в регуляции калликреин-кининового каскада, в модификации клинических проявлений наследственного ангиоотёка. Однако для подтверждения их патогенетического значения необходимы дальнейшие исследования, включая анализ семейной сегрегации и функциональную валидацию выявленных вариантов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare inherited disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of edema involving the skin, mucous membranes, and internal organs. It results from dysregulation of the kallikrein–kinin system and excessive bradykinin production. The most common form, HAE type I, is caused by quantitative C1 inhibitor deficiency due to pathogenic variants in the SERPING1 gene. Although molecular diagnosis mainly focuses on SERPING1, the contribution of additional variants in other genes regulating the kallikrein–kinin pathway remains insufficiently investigated.</p><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To evaluate the potential pathogenic significance of rare variants in the KNG1, MYOF, and HS3ST6 genes in patients with HAE type I using bioinformatic approaches.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. Whole blood samples collected outside acute attacks from 24 patients with clinically confirmed HAE were analyzed. Diagnosis was established using clinical, laboratory, and genetic findings. Whole-genome sequencing was performed to identify additional variants, including variants of uncertain significance, in genes associated with regulation of the kallikrein–kinin cascade. The functional impact of variants detected in KNG1, MYOF, and HS3ST6 was assessed using multiple computational prediction tools (ConSurf, PrimateAI, CADD, PolyPhen-2, SNPs&amp;GO, PhD-SNP, MutationTaster2021, PredictSNP, MuPro, MutPred2, Michelanglo-VENUS, I-Mutant2.0, and MolProbity). Structural validation was performed in ChimeraX.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Whole-genome sequencing identified four unrelated patients carrying additional variants alongside pathogenic SERPING1 mutations: KNG1 NM_001102416.3.758-7C&gt;G, HS3ST6 NM_001009606.4.542G&gt;A, and MYOF NM_013451.4.3499T&gt;C and NM_013451.4.6058G&gt;A. All variants were classified as variants of uncertain significance. Among them, the HS3ST6 variant NM_001009606.4.542G&gt;A demonstrated the strongest evidence of potential pathogenicity based on in silico analyses, whereas predictions for the remaining variants were inconsistent across algorithms.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. These findings support the hypothesis that rare variants in genes involved in regulation of the kallikrein–kinin system may contribute to the clinical variability of hereditary angioedema. Nevertheless, segregation studies and functional experiments are required to determine their clinical relevance.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>первичный иммунодефицит</kwd><kwd>наследственный ангиоотек</kwd><kwd>биоинформатический анализ</kwd><kwd>KNG1</kwd><kwd>MYOF</kwd><kwd>HS3ST6</kwd><kwd>полиморфные варианты.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>primary immunodeficiency</kwd><kwd>hereditary angioedema</kwd><kwd>bioinformatic analysis</kwd><kwd>KNG1</kwd><kwd>MYOF</kwd><kwd>HS3ST6</kwd><kwd>polymorphic variants.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Печникова Н. А., Останкова Ю. В., Тотолян А. А. 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