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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-CEO-168215</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-3408</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SHORT COMMUNICATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнение эффективности мРНК и плазмидных векторов при трансфекции лимфоцитов периферической крови</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparing efficacy of mRNA-based and plasmid vectors in transfection of peripheral blood lymphocytes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киселева</surname><given-names>Я. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kiseleva</surname><given-names>Ya. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., научный сотрудник лаборатории иммунологии и онкоцитологии.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Immunology and Oncocytology.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шишкин</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shishkin</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории иммунологии и онкоцитологии.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Immunology and Oncocytology.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кулинич</surname><given-names>Т. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulinich</surname><given-names>T. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кулинич Татьяна Михайловна - к.м.н., заведующая лабораторией иммунологии и онкоцитологии.</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Профсоюзная, 86. Тел.: 8 (926) 137-20-35</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana M. Kulinich - PhD (Medicine), Head, Laboratory of Immunology and Oncocytology.</p><p>86 Profsoyuznaya St Moscow 117997 Phone: +7 (926) 137-20-35</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sobral@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Боженко</surname><given-names>В. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bozhenko</surname><given-names>V. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, заслуженный врач РФ, заведующий научно-исследовательским отделом молекулярной биологии и экспериментальной терапии опухолей.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Honored Doctor of Russian Federation, Head, Department of Molecular Biology and Experimental Tumor Therapy.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Российский научный центр рентгенорадиологии» Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Research Center of Roentgenoradiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>187</fpage><lpage>192</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Киселева Я.Ю., Шишкин А.М., Кулинич Т.М., Боженко В.К., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Киселева Я.Ю., Шишкин А.М., Кулинич Т.М., Боженко В.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kiseleva Y.Y., Shishkin A.M., Kulinich T.M., Bozhenko V.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/3408">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/3408</self-uri><abstract><p>Адоптивная CAR-T-клеточная терапия – инновационный подход в онкологии, который использует полученные от пациента генетически модифицированные Т-клетки в качестве терапевтического инструмента для борьбы с раком. Использование ДНК-плазмид и транскрибируемой in vitro (IVT) мРНК в качестве векторов для получения CAR-T-лимфоцитов имеет ряд преимуществ по сравнению с вирусными векторами, такими как: отсутствие модификации генома клеток, высокая эффективность трансфекции, быстрота и потенциально более низкая стоимость получения конечного продукта. В работе исследована эффективность трансфекции (в терминах жизнеспособности клеток и экспрессии целевого белка) мононуклеарных клеток периферической крови и клеток перевиваемой культуры (эмбриональные клетки почки человека, HEK293) методом электропорации, используя модельные ДНК-плазмиду (pmaxGFP) и IVT-мРНК (мРНК-GFP), кодирующих зеленый флуоресцентный белок (green fluorescent protein, GFP). Проведен подбор оптимального режима трансфекции. Показано, что, хотя мРНК-GFP дает сравнимое количество клеток, экспрессирующих GFP, жизнеспособность клеток и, соответственно, эффективность трансфекции в целом при использовании мРНК-GFP как вектора значительно выше. При этом сравнение уровня экспрессии клеток трансфецированных двумя методами показывает, что использование мРНК дает более однородные показатели, тогда как при использование плазмидного вектора уровень экспрессии отличается на несколько порядков. Было проведено сравнение изменение уровня экспрессии в течении 7 дней после трансфекции. Показано, что доля GFP-позитивных клеток убывает со временем и не зависит от способа трансфекции, при этом оценка доли жизнеспособных клеток показала, что трансфекция плазмидой приводит к снижению доли жизнеспособных клеток через 7 суток до 30%, в то время как использование мРНК практически не влияет на жизнеспособность (количество живых клеток через 7 суток практически не отличается от контроля). Полученные результаты указывают, что использование IVT-мРНК может оказаться более предпочтительным средством при производстве CAR-T-продуктов методом электропорации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Adoptive CAR-T cell therapy is an innovative approach in oncology that uses genetically modified autologous T cells from the patient as a therapeutic tool to fight cancer. The use of DNA plasmids and in vitro transcribed (IVT) mRNA as vectors for the production of CAR-T lymphocytes has a number of advantages compared to viral vectors, such as the absence of cell genome modification, high transfection efficiency, speed and potentially lower cost of obtaining the final product. In current work, we studied the efficiency of transfection (in terms of cell viability and expression of the target protein) of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and cells of transplanted culture (human embryonic kidney cells, HEK293) by electroporation using model DNA plasmid (pmaxGFP) and IVT-mRNA (mRNA-GFP) encoding green fluorescent protein (green fluorescent protein, GFP). The selection of an optimal transfection regimen was performed. It has been shown that although mRNA-GFP yields a comparable number of cells GFP-expressing cells, the cell viability, and, consequently, general efficiency of transfection is significantly higher when using mRNA-GFP as a vector. At the same time, a comparison of expression level by the cells transfected by two techniques showed that the use of mRNA provides more uniform parameters, whereas usage of plasmid vector results in expression levels differing by several orders of magnitude. The changes in expression level were also tested within 7 days after transfection. It was shown that the proportion of GFP-positive cells decreases with time and does not depend on the method of transfection, while the assessment of the proportion of viable cells showed that plasmid transfection leads to a decreased proportion of viable cells after 7 days to 30%, while the use of mRNA practically does not affect viability (the number of viable cells after 7 days did not significantly differ from the control). The results obtained indicate that the usage of IVT-mRNA may be a more preferable tool in production of CAR-T products by electroporation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>адоптивная иммунотерапия</kwd><kwd>химерный антигенный рецептор</kwd><kwd>CAR-T-терапия</kwd><kwd>электропорация</kwd><kwd>плазмида</kwd><kwd>матричная РНК</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>adoptive immunotherapy</kwd><kwd>chimeric antigen receptor</kwd><kwd>CAR-T therapy</kwd><kwd>electroporation</kwd><kwd>plasmid</kwd><kwd>messenger RNA</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Боженко В.К., Шишкин А.М., Шкопоров А.Н., Я.Ю. Киселева, Кулинич Т.М., Большакова О.Б., Кудинова Е.А., Солодкий В.А. 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