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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-TRO-3232</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-3232</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль изменений адаптивного иммунитета как фактора неблагоприятного исхода при абдоминальном сепсисе</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The role of changes in adaptive immunity as a factor of unfavorable outcome in abdominal sepsis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6487-9083</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осиков</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osikov</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор РАН, заведующий кафедрой патофизиологии ФГБОУ ВО «Южно-Уральский ГМУ» Министерства здравоохранения РФ; начальник отдела научной работы ГБУЗ «Челябинская областная клиническая больница».</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Russian Academy of Sciences, Head, Department of Pathophysiology, South Ural SMU; Head, Research Department, Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Hospital.</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prof.osikov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7884-9675</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Телешева</surname><given-names>Л. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Telesheva</surname><given-names>L. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор кафедры микробиологии, вирусологии и иммунологии.</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology.</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">telesheva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3275-6721</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Конашов</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konashov</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент кафедры патофизиологии ФГБОУ ВО «Южно-Уральский ГМУ» Министерства здравоохранения РФ; заместитель главного врача по лечебной части ГАУЗ ОЗП «Городская клиническая больница № 8 г. Челябинск».</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey G. Konashov - PhD (Medicine), Associate Professor, Department of Pathophysiology, South Ural SMU; Deputy Chief Physician for the Medical Unit, City Clinical Hospital No. 8.</p><p>64 Vorovsky St Chelyabinsk 454092 Phone: +7 (909) 081-14-56</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vladkag5@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1905-9155</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Конашов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konashov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент кафедры патофизиологии ФГБОУ ВО «Южно-Уральский ГМУ» Министерства здравоохранения РФ; врач  – анестезиолог-реаниматолог ГАУЗ ОЗП «Городская клиническая больница № 8 Челябинск».</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant Professor, Department of Pathophysiology, South Ural SMU; Anesthesiologist-Resuscitator, City Clinical Hospital No. 8.</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">konashov74@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гусев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gusev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент кафедры патофизиологии ФГБОУ ВО «Южно-Уральский ГМУ» Министерства здравоохранения РФ; врач– анестезиолог-реаниматолог ГБУЗ «Челябинская областная клиническая больница».</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant Professor, Department of Pathophysiology, South Ural SMU; Anesthesiologist-Resuscitator, Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Hospital.</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бойко</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boyko</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент кафедры патофизиологии ФГБОУ ВО «Южно-Уральский ГМУ» Министерства здравоохранения РФ.</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Associate Professor, Department of Pathophysiology.</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ritaboyko@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сумеркина</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sumerkina</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., заведующая центральной научно-исследовательской лабораторией.</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Head, Central Research Laboratory.</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">veronika.sumerkina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Минасова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Minasova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., старший научный сотрудник центральной научно-исследовательской лаборатории.</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Senior Researcher, Central Research Laboratory, South Ural SMU.</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Pandora_anna@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Южно-Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения РФ; ГБУЗ «Челябинская областная клиническая больница»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>South Ural State Medical University; Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Южно-Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>South Ural State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Южно-Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения РФ; ГАУЗ ОЗП «Городская клиническая больница № 8 г. Челябинск»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>South Ural State Medical University; City Clinical Hospital No. 8</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>135</fpage><lpage>144</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Осиков М.В., Телешева Л.Ф., Конашов А.Г., Конашов В.А., Гусев А.В., Бойко М.С., Сумеркина В.А., Минасова А.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Осиков М.В., Телешева Л.Ф., Конашов А.Г., Конашов В.А., Гусев А.В., Бойко М.С., Сумеркина В.А., Минасова А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Osikov M.V., Telesheva L.F., Konashov A.G., Konashov V.A., Gusev A.V., Boyko M.S., Sumerkina V.A., Minasova A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/3232">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/3232</self-uri><abstract><p>Иммунный ответ при абдоминальном сепсисе (АС) приводит к дизрегуляции врожденного и адаптивного иммунитета, с последующей иммуносупрессией. Летальность при АС достаточно высокая, необходимо продолжить углубленное изучение роли адаптивного иммунитета. Целью исследования – изучение роли изменений адаптивного иммунитета, как фактора неблагоприятного исхода при АС. Группы контроля – 63 условно здоровых лиц (33 женщины и 30 мужчин) без АС (группа 1). Исследовано 64 больных с АС в возрасте 32-82 лет. В соответствии с исходом выделена группа 2 (n = 46) с благоприятным исходом и группа 3 (n = 18) с летальным исходом. Исследования проводили на 1-е, 3-и и 7-е сутки. Общее количество лейкоцитов, лимфоцитов определяли на гематологическом анализаторе Sysmex XT-1800i/XT-2000i (Япония). Субпопуляционного состава лимфоцитов исследовали в периферической крови методом проточной цитофлуориметрии на проточном цитометре Navios 2/6 (Beckman Coulter, США) с применением конъюгатов моноклональных антител (Beckman Coulter, США). Методом твердофазного иммуноферментного анализа определяли концентрацию иммуноглобулинов классов А, М, G (IgA, IgM, IgG) (АО «Вектор-Бест», Россия). На микропланшетном ридере (Labsystems multiskan Plus, Финляндия) определяли концентрацию циркулирующих иммунных комплексов с использованием тест-систем «ЦИК-ХЕМА» (ООО «Хема-Медика», Россия). Статистическую обработку результатов выполняли с помощью статистического пакета SPSS 17.0. При анализе клеточного состава адаптивного иммунитета у пациентов с АС выявлена лимфоцитопения: дефицит CD45+CD3+, CD3+CD4+, СD3+CD8+, иммунорегуляторного индекса, CD3-CD19+, маркера ранней активации Т-лимфоцитов (CD3+CD25+). Получена значимая связь между выраженностью лейкоцитоза, лимфоцитопенией и исходом заболевания. При благоприятном исходе лимфоцитопения менее выражена, чем при неблагоприятном, также зафиксированы значимо большие значения субпопуляционного состава лимфоцитов: CD45+CD3+, CD3+CD4+, иммунорегуляторного индекса, CD3-CD19+, CD3+CD25+, CD3+56+. И только количество СD3+CD8+, CD3+HLA-DR+ лимфоцитов у выживших больных на протяжении 7 суток уменьшалось, по сравнению с группой неблагоприятного исхода. При неблагоприятном исходе АС выявлен более выраженный лейкоцитоз, что подчеркивает выраженность системного воспалительного ответа, что тесно ассоциируется с тяжестью течения и прогнозом АС. Отмечалась более выраженная лимфоцитопения, прогрессирующее снижение значений субпопуляций лимфоцитов по отношению к выжившим: CD45+CD3+, CD3+CD4+, иммунорегуляторного индекса, CD3-CD19+, CD3+CD25+, CD3+56+. Значения СD3+CD8+, CD3+HLA-DR+ лимфоцитов при летальном исходе были выше, чем при благоприятном. Результаты исследования подчеркивают необходимость учета состояния адаптивного иммунитета для более точной стратификации риска летального исхода и персонализации лечебной тактики.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Altered immune response in abdominal sepsis (AS) leads to dysregulation of innate and adaptive immunity, followed by immunosuppression. Mortality rates in AS are quite high, thus requiring continued indepth study of the role of adaptive immunity in this condition. The aim of our study was to evaluate the role of changes in adaptive immunity as a factor of an unfavorable AS outcomes. The control groups consisted of 63 conditionally healthy individuals (33 women and 30 men, group 1). 64 patients with AS aged 32-82 years were also observed. According to their clinical outcomes, we discerned group 2 (n = 46) with a favorable outcome and group 3 (n = 18) with a fatal outcome. The studies were conducted on days 1, 3, and 7. The total number of leukocytes and lymphocytes was determined by the Sysmex XT-1800i/XT-2000i hematology analyzer (Japan). The subpopulation composition of lymphocytes was studied in peripheral blood by flow cytofluorometry using Navios 2/6 flow cytometer (Beckman Coulter, USA) with monoclonal antibody conjugates (Beckman Coulter, USA). The concentrations of IgA, IgM, and IgG were determined by solid-phase enzyme immunoassay (JSC "Vector-Best", Russia). The contents of circulating immune complexes were determined with a microplate reader (Labsystems Multiskan Plus, Finland) using the CIK-HEMA test systems (Hema-Medica, Russia). Statistical processing of the results was performed using the statistical package SPSS 17.0. Analysis of adaptive immunity cells in patients with AS revealed lymphocytopenia: deficiency of CD45+CD3+, CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+, immunoregulatory index, CD3-CD19+, marker of early activation of T lymphocytes (CD3+CD25+). A significant relationship was found between the severity of leukocytosis, lymphocytopenia and the outcome of the disease. In cases of favorable outcome, lymphocytopenia was less pronounced than among patients with unfavorable one, along with significantly higher values of the lymphocyte subpopulations: CD45+CD3+, CD3+CD4+, immunoregulatory index, CD3-CD19+, CD3+CD25+, CD3+56+. Meanwhile, the number of CD3+CD8+, CD3+HLA-DR+ lymphocytes in the surviving patients was decreased over 7 days, as compared with the unfavorable outcome group. More pronounced leukocytosis was associated with unfavorable outcome of AS, thus emphasizing severity of the systemic inflammatory response, which is closely associated with severity of clinical course and prognosis of AS. There was a more pronounced lymphocytopenia, a progressive decrease in the following lymphocyte subpopulations compared to the survivors: CD45+CD3+, CD3+CD4+, immunoregulatory index, CD3-CD19+, CD3+CD25+, CD3+56+. The values of CD3+CD8+, CD3+HLA-DR+ lymphocytes in fatal cases were higher than in favorable cases. The results of our study emphasize the need to take into account the state of adaptive immunity in order to more accurately stratify the risk of death and personalize therapeutic strategies.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>абдоминальный сепсис</kwd><kwd>адаптивный иммунитет</kwd><kwd>прогноз</kwd><kwd>лимфоциты</kwd><kwd>иммуноглобулины</kwd><kwd>прогностические маркеры</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>abdominal sepsis</kwd><kwd>adaptive immunity</kwd><kwd>prognosis</kwd><kwd>lymphocytes</kwd><kwd>immunoglobulins</kwd><kwd>prognostic markers</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Akatsuka M., Tatsumi H., Sonoda T., Masuda Y. Low immunoglobulin G level is associated with poor outcomes in patients with sepsis and septic shock. J. 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