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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-DAD-3210</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-3210</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ДНКаза 1L3 и ДНКаза II как индикаторы качества эякулята</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>DNase 1L3 and DNase II as indicators of ejaculate quality</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Минасова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Minasova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минасова А.А. – к.б.н., старший научный сотрудник Научно-исследовательского института иммунологии </p><p>454092, г. Челябинск, ул. Воровского, 64.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Minasova A.A., PhD (Biology), Senior Researcher, Research Institute of Immunology </p><p>64 Vorovsky St Chelyabinsk 454092</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pandora_anna@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савочкина</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savochkina</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Савочкина А.Ю. – д.м.н., доцент, заведующая кафедрой микробиологии, вирусологии и иммунологии </p><p>454092, г. Челябинск, ул. Воровского, 64.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Savochkina A.Yu., PhD, MD (Medicine), Associate Professor, Head, Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology </p><p>64 Vorovsky St Chelyabinsk 454092</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорова</surname><given-names>К. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorova</surname><given-names>K. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Федорова К.С. – старший лаборант Научноисследовательского института иммунологии </p><p>454092, г. Челябинск, ул. Воровского, 64.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Fedorova K.S., Senior Laboratory Assistant, Research Institute of Immunology </p><p>64 Vorovsky St Chelyabinsk 454092</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нохрин</surname><given-names>Д. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nokhrin</surname><given-names>D. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нохрин Д.Ю. – к.б.н., доцент кафедры микробиологии, иммунологии и общей биологии </p><p>г. Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nokhrin D.Yu., PhD (Biology), Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and General Biology </p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саматова</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Samatova</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Саматова А.И. – старший лаборант Научно-исследовательского института иммунологии </p><p>454092, г. Челябинск, ул. Воровского, 64.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Samatova A.I., Senior Laboratory Assistant, Research Institute of Immunology </p><p>64 Vorovsky St Chelyabinsk 454092</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абрамовских</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abramovskikh</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Абрамовских О.С. – д.м.н., доцент, заведующая кафедрой клинической лабораторной диагностики </p><p>454092, г. Челябинск, ул. Воровского, 64.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Abramovskikh O.S., PhD, MD (Medicine), Associate Professor, Head, Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics </p><p>64 Vorovsky St Chelyabinsk 454092</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Южно-Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>South Ural State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Челябинский государственный университет»,</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Chelyabinsk State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>1053</fpage><lpage>1062</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Минасова А.А., Савочкина А.Ю., Федорова К.С., Нохрин Д.Ю., Саматова А.И., Абрамовских О.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Минасова А.А., Савочкина А.Ю., Федорова К.С., Нохрин Д.Ю., Саматова А.И., Абрамовских О.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Minasova A.A., Savochkina A.Y., Fedorova K.S., Nokhrin D.Y., Samatova A.I., Abramovskikh O.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/3210">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/3210</self-uri><abstract><p>Основным методом оценки репродуктивной функции мужчин является спермиологический анализ, который не всегда является показательным для установления причины бесплодия. В литературных данных особая роль в нарушении мужской фертильности отводится оксидативному стрессу, в результате которого повреждаются мужские половые клетки. Повреждение мембран сперматозоидов сопровождается выходом их ДНК во внеклеточное пространство, что является индуктором развития местной воспалительной реакции. В таком случае, поддержание гомеостаза семенной жидкости будет зависеть от эффективности деградации внеклеточной ДНК. У человека данную функцию осуществляют ферменты ДНКазы, локализованные во всех тканях и биологических жидкостях организма. Также отмечена их роль в процессе оплодотворения и фрагментации генетического материала сперматозоидов. Избыток или недостаток ДНКаз может привести к развитию широкого спектра заболеваний. Целью настоящего исследования являлось установление референтных интервалов для ДНКазы 1L3 и ДНКазы II эякулята и поиск связей между концентрацией нуклеаз и показателями спермиологического анализа. В качестве материала для исследования использовали семенную жидкость 82 условно здоровых мужчин в возрасте 18-49 лет, обследованных на базе НИИ иммунологии ЮУГМУ. Критериями исключения являлось наличие воспалительных заболеваний урогенитального тракта и ИППП. Спермиологический анализ проводился согласно лабораторному руководству ВОЗ. Обследование на ИППП проводили методом ПЦР в режиме реального времени. Концентрацию ДНКаз в эякуляте определяли методом ИФА. Описательную статистику, построение гистограмм и референтных интервалов, проводили в программе R. Нами впервые были определены уровни ДНКазы 1L3 и ДНКазы II в семенной жидкости и установлены для них референтные интервалы. Сдвиги значений концентраций ДНКазы 1L3 и ДНКазы II, вероятнее всего, могут рассматриваться как индикаторы возможных патологических состояний. В частности, повышенная концентрация ДНКазы 1L3 – индикатор патологического процесса, связанного с низкой подвижностью сперматозоидов, а высокие уровни ДНКазы II можно рассматривать как индикатор местной воспалительной реакции.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Sperm analysis is the main method of assessing male reproductive function, which is not always informative in cases of infertility. In the literature, a special role in the disturbed male fertility is attributed to oxidative stress which results into damage of male germ cells. Damage of spermatozoa membranes is accompanied by the release of their DNA into the extracellular space, which is an inducer of local inflammatory reaction. In this case, the maintenance of seminal fluid homeostasis will depend on the efficiency of extracellular DNA degradation. In human beings, this function is performed by DNAse enzymes localized in all tissues and body fluids. Their role in the process of fertilization and fragmentation of spermatozoal genetic material was also noted. Excess or deficiency of DNases may lead to the development of different disorders. The aim of the present study was to establish reference intervals for ejaculate DNase 1L3 and DNase II and to search for relationships between the concentration of nucleases and sperm analysis parameters. The seminal fluid of 82 conditionally healthy men aged 18-49 years examined at the Research Institute of Immunology of South Ural State Medical University was used as a material for the study. Exclusion criteria were the presence of urogenital inflammatory disorders and sex-transmitted infections (STI). Sperm analysis was performed according to the WHO laboratory manual. Screening for STI was performed by real-time PCR. DNAse concentration in ejaculate was determined by ELISA method. Descriptive statistics, construction of histograms and reference intervals were performed in the “R” platform. Primarily, we have determined the levels of DNase 1L3 and DNase II in seminal fluid and established appropriate reference intervals. Shifts in DNase 1L3 and DNase II concentrations can most likely be considered as markers of possible pathologic conditions. In particular, an increased concentration of DNase 1L3 is an index of a pathological process associated with low sperm motility, whereas high levels of DNase II may be considered an indicator of a local inflammatory reaction.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дезоксирибонуклеазы</kwd><kwd>сперматозоиды</kwd><kwd>спермиологический анализ</kwd><kwd>мужское бесплодие</kwd><kwd>качество эякулята</kwd><kwd>воспаление</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>deoxyribonucleases</kwd><kwd>spermatozoa</kwd><kwd>sperm analysis</kwd><kwd>male infertility</kwd><kwd>ejaculate quality</kwd><kwd>inflammation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Жанбырбекулы У., Аскаров М.Б., Жанкина Р.А., Сайпиева Д.Т., Айнаев Е.И., Жапаров У.С., Ахметов Д.Э. Роль мезенхимальных стволовых клеток в лечении мужского бесплодия // Медицинский журнал Астаны, 2019. 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