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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-EOI-3190</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-3190</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Воздействие нанокластерных железомолибденовых полиоксометаллатов на функциональную активность макрофагов и состояние эритробластических островков костного мозга</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effect of iron-molybdenum nanocluster polyoxometalates on the functional activity of macrophages and the state of bone marrow erythroblastic islands</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5976-7474</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Титова</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Titova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Researcher</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">svetattitova12021998@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4371-3900</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тонкушина</surname><given-names>М. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tonkushina</surname><given-names>M. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.х.н., старший научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Chemistry), Senior Researcher</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m.o.tonkushina@urfu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0206-5513</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Остроушко</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ostroushko</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.х.н., профессор, главный научный сотрудник, заведующий отделом химического материаловедения </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Chemistry), Professor, Chief Researcher, Head, Department of Chemical Materials Science</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexander.ostroushko@urfu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3193-2903</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Улитко</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ulitko</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., доцент, директор департамента биологии и фундаментальной медицины </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Аssociate Professor, Director, Department of Biology and Fundamental Medicine</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maria.ulitko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8640-6674</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бриллиант</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Brilliant</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., научный сотрудник </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Researcher</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">svetlana.brilliant@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6841-1197</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Данилова</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Danilova</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.б.н., доцент, заместитель директора по науке, заведующая лабораторией морфологии и биохимии </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Biology), Associate Professor, Deputy Science Director, Head, Laboratory of Morphology and Biochemistry</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ig-danilova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>B. Yeltsin Ural Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН «Институт иммунологии и физиологии» Уральского отделения Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>1285</fpage><lpage>1300</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Титова С.А., Тонкушина М.О., Остроушко А.А., Улитко М.В., Бриллиант С.А., Данилова И.Г., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Титова С.А., Тонкушина М.О., Остроушко А.А., Улитко М.В., Бриллиант С.А., Данилова И.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Titova A.A., Tonkushina M.O., Ostroushko A.A., Ulitko M.V., Brilliant S.A., Danilova I.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/3190">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/3190</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью данного исследования было изучение механизмов действия {Mo 72 Fe 30 } на эритропоэз и гематологические показатели in vitro и in vivo. Результаты показали, что нанокластерный полиоксометаллат {Mo72Fe30}, продукты его деструкции (ПД) – низкомолекулярные железо и молибденсодержащие ионы – не влияют на активность неспецифической эстеразы в цитоплазме центральных макрофагов эритробластических островков костного мозга и, следовательно, не нарушают процесс детоксикации эндотоксинов и ксенобиотиков, осуществляемый макрофагами. Однако введение исследуемых веществ приводит к снижению поглотительной способности макрофагов, без изменения вовлеченности клеток в процесс фагоцитоза. Анализ культуры эритробластических островков выявил следующие закономерности: при введении {Mo72Fe30} и продуктов его деструкции происходит более интенсивное созревание эритроидных клеток в короне эритробластических островков. В 1-е сутки после внесения полиоксометаллата вследствие ускоренного созревания и диссоциации эритробластических островков наблюдается снижение количества эритробластических островков 3-го класса и инволюцирующих эритробластических островков. Данный процесс подтверждается увеличением числа клеток эритроидного ряда в миелограмме на 1-е сутки. Одновременное увеличение числа реконструирующихся эритробластических островков в группах с полиоксометаллатом и продуктами его деструкции свидетельствует о развитии в «короне» островков дополнительной волны эритропоэза. На 2-е сутки после внесения {Mo72Fe30} возрастает число пролиферирующих эритробластических островков 2-го и 3-го классов, на фоне сохранения числа островков 1-го класса, что связано с вовлечением новых макрофагов в эритропоэз и активной пролиферацией эритроидных клеток. На 3-и сутки после внесения {Mo72Fe30} наблюдается смещение классов эритробластических островков в сторону более зрелых пролиферирующих островков 2-го класса. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о том, что на 3-и сутки под влиянием ПОМ происходит ускорение процесса созревания эритроцитов в эритробластических островках. Подобная тенденция наблюдается и при воздействии ПД, но в этом случае эффект ускорения эритропоэза выражен слабее. Анализ миелограммы костного мозга крыс показал, что при введении исследуемых веществ ({Mo72Fe30} и ПД) в течение 7 суток наблюдается увеличение клеточности костного мозга, при этом рост показателя объясняется в том числе и увеличением количества клеток эритроидного ряда, а также ретикулоцитов. Эти данные согласуются с показателями периферической крови крыс. Было выявлено достоверно значимое увеличение количества эритроцитов при введении исследуемых веществ ({Mo72Fe30} и ПД), которое также сопровождается повышением уровня гемоглобина и значений гематокрита. Результаты экспериментов могут указывать на возможность активации эритроидного ростка костного мозга.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of this study was to determine the mechanisms of action of {Mo72Fe30} on erythropoiesis and hematological parameters in vitro and in vivo. The obtained results showed that neither the nanocluster polyoxometalate {Mo72Fe30} nor its destruction products (DP) – low-molecular-weight iron and molybdenum-containing ions – affected the activity of non-specific esterase in the cytoplasm of central macrophages of bone marrow erythroblastic islands, thus indicating no disruption of endotoxin and xenobiotic detoxification processes carried out by these macrophages. However, administration of the studied substances resulted in a decrease in macrophage phagocytic capacity without altering cellular involvement in phagocytosis. Analysis of erythroblastic island cultures revealed the following patterns: administration of {Mo72Fe30} and its accelerated erythroid cell maturation within the erythroblastic island corona. At 24 hours after their administration, a decreased number of class 3 and involutive erythroblastic islands was observed, due to accelerated maturation and dissociation of erythroblastic islands. This effect was confirmed by an increased number of erythroid cells in the myelogram at 24 hours after these substances administration. A simultaneous increase in the number of reconstructing erythroblastic islands in the groups treated with the polyoxometalate and its DP suggests development of an additional wave of erythropoiesis within the island corona. On day 2 after administration of {Mo72Fe30}, there was an increase in the number of proliferating erythroblastic islands of the class 2 and 3, while the number of class 1 islands remained unchanged. This is attributed to the involvement of new macrophages into erythropoiesis and active erythroid cells proliferation. On day 3, a shift to proliferation of more mature class 2 erythroblastic islands was observed. These data indicate the acceleration of erythrocyte maturation within erythroblastic islands after 3 days of the {Mo72Fe30} administration. A similar trend was observed with the administration of its destruction products. Still, the erythropoiesis-accelerating effect was less pronounced in this series. Analysis of rat bone marrow myelograms revealed an increase in bone marrow cellularity after seven days of administration of the studied substances ({Mo72Fe30} and DP). This increase was attributed, in part, to an increase in the number of erythroid cells and reticulocytes. These data are consistent with peripheral blood parameters in rats. A statistically significant increase in erythrocyte count, hemoglobin levels, and hematocrit values was observed following administration of the studied substances ({Mo72Fe30} and PD). The experimental results suggest a potential stimulatory effect of this compound on erythroid lineage development.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эритробластический островок</kwd><kwd>костный мозг</kwd><kwd>нанокластерные полиоксометаллаты</kwd><kwd>макрофаги</kwd><kwd>противоанемичное действие</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>erythroblastic island</kwd><kwd>bone marrow</kwd><kwd>nanocluster polyoxometalates</kwd><kwd>macrophages</kwd><kwd>anti-anaemic effect</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке в рамках государственного задания Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации (проект № 123031300049-8), а также в рамках государственного задания Института иммунологии и физиологии Уральского отделения Российской академии наук (ИИФ УрО РАН) № 122020900136-4.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Абрашова Т.В., Гущин А.Я., Ковалева М.А., Рыбакова А.В., Селезнева А.И. 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