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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-TTI-3185</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-3185</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СЛУЧАЙ ИЗ ПРАКТИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL CASES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Таргетная терапия в лечении узловатой почесухи</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Targeted therapy in the treatment of nodular prurigo</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2252-7423</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шестакова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shestakova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шестакова Наталья Алексеевна - к.м.н., врач – аллергологиммунолог аллергологического отделения клиники иммунопатологии.</p><p>630099, Новосибирск, ул. Ядринцевская, 14. Тел.: 8 (383) 222-26-74. Тел./факс: 8 (383) 222-70-28</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia A. Shestakova - PhD (Medicine), Allergologist-Immunologist, Department of Allergology, Clinic of Immunopathology.</p><p>14 Yadrintsevskaya St Novosibirsk 630099 Phone: +7 (383) 222-26-74 Phone/fax: +7 (383) 222-70-28</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">barsk@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демина</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demina</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., заведующая аллергологическим отделением клиники иммунопатологии.</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Head, Department of Allergology, Clinic of Immunopathology.</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">immunology@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Леонова</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Leonova</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач – аллерголог-иммунолог аллергологического отделения клиники иммунопатологии.</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Allergologist-Immunologist, Department of Allergology, Clinic of Immunopathology.</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nshestakova3008@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт фундаментальной и клинической иммунологии»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>193</fpage><lpage>199</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шестакова Н.А., Демина Д.В., Леонова М.И., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шестакова Н.А., Демина Д.В., Леонова М.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shestakova N.A., Demina D.V., Leonova M.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/3185">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/3185</self-uri><abstract><p>Почесуха является редким хроническим рецидивирующим полиэтиологичным заболеванием кожи, характеризующимся выраженным зудом, вследствие которого формируются кожные элементы, такие как папуло-везикулы, папулы, узлы и бляшки. Заболевание зачастую с трудом поддается стандартной терапии, больные годами страдают изнурительными симптомами. В статье представлен клинический случай пациентки, которая страдала узловатой почесухой более 20 лет с ухудшением в последние 4 года после перенесенной нетяжелой инфекции COVID-19, когда заболевание приобрело непрерывно-рецидивирующий характер. Средства традиционной терапии были практически неэффективны. При поступлении в аллергологическое отделение клиники иммунопатологии ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт фундаментальной и клинической иммунологии» г. Новосибирска в апреле 2024 г. высыпания были распространенными, выраженный кожный зуд нарушал сон, значительно снизилось качество жизни больной. 16.04.2024 инициирована ГИБТ препаратом дупилумаб в начальной дозе, согласно инструкции, 600 мг, далее по 300 мг каждые 2 недели. Уже после первого введения препарата отмечена значимая положительная динамика в виде уменьшения зуда, быстрой регрессии высыпаний, кожа больной практически полностью очистилась к 4-й инъекции. К моменту написания статья кожа остается чистой, зуда нет, нормализовался сон. Пациентка продолжает пользоваться эмолентами, принимать антигистаминные препараты второго поколения. Эффективность терапии дупилумабом, блокирующим передачу сигналов IL-4 и IL-13 путем специфического связывания с IL-4Rα-субъединицей, общей для рецепторных комплексов IL-4 и IL-13, обусловлена тем, что ведущим в патогенезе хронического зуда при узловатой почесухе является нарушение нейроиммунной регуляции в коже. IL-4 и IL-13 считаются важными зудогенными цитокинами Тh2-клеток, которые увеличивают экспрессию IL-31R и других рецепторов, связанных с зудом, усиливают нейрональную активацию в воспаленной коже, передавая сигналы близлежащим эфферентным нейронам и центральной нервной системе, инициируя ощущение зуда, формируя порочный круг «зуд-расчесывание», усиливают сенсибилизацию гистамин-независимых сенсорных нейронов к пруритогенам, стимулируют пролиферацию фибробластов, миграцию и выработку профиброзных факторов. Поскольку основной целью лечения узловатой почесухи является блокирование порочного круга «зуд-расчесывание», способствующее заживлению узелков, терапия дупилумабом приводит к ремиссии заболевания, нормализуя взаимодействие иммунной и нервной систем в коже. В лечении взрослых больных с узловатой почесухой дупилумаб в России одобрен не так давно – чуть более года – и уже показал свою высокую эффективность. Представленный случай демонстрирует возможности применения современных методов иммунотерапии в лечении дерматологических заболеваний с торпидным течением.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Pruritus is a rare chronic recurrent polyethological skin disease characterized by severe itching, resulting in development of skin elements such as papulo-vesicles, papules, nodules and plaques. The disease is often difficult to treat with standard therapy, and patients experience debilitating symptoms for years. The article presents a clinical case of a patient who suffered from nodular pruritus for more than 20 years, which worsened over last 4 years after suffering from a mild COVID-19 infection, when the disease became continuously recurrent. Conventional treatment was virtually ineffective. Skin rashes became widespread upon admission to Clinic of Immunopathology at the Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology (Novosibirsk) in April 2024, severe itching disrupted sleep, thus significantly reducing the quality of life. On 04/16/2024, immunotherapy was initiated with dupilumab at initial dose of 600 mg, according to the instructions, followed by 300 mg every 2 weeks. After the first administration of the drug, significant positive dynamics was noted, i.e., decrease in itching, rapid regression of rashes, and the patient’s skin was almost completely cleansed by the 4th injection. At the present time, the skin remains clean, there is no itching, and sleep has returned to normal. The patient continues to apply emollients and takes second-generation antihistamine drugs. The efficiency of dupilumab therapy, which blocks IL-4 and IL-13 signaling by specifically binding to IL-4Rα, a subunit common to IL-4 and IL-13 receptor complexes, is due to modulation of neuroimmune regulation in the skin which underlies pathogenesis of chronic itching in nodular pruritus. IL-4 and IL-13 are considered important cytokines of Th2 cells, which increase the expression of IL-31R and other pruritus-related receptors, enhance neuronal activation in inflamed skin, transmitting signals to nearby efferent neurons and the central nervous system, thus causing itching. A vicious cycle of itch-scratching is formed, with enhanced sensitization of histamine-independent sensory neurons to pruritogens, enhanced fibroblast proliferation, migration, and production of profibrous factors. Since the main goal of treating nodular pruritus is to block the vicious cycle of itching and scratching, and promote nodular healing, dupilumab therapy leads to remission of the disease, normalizing the interaction of immune and nervous systems in the skin. When treating adult patients with nodular pruritus, dupilumab was recently approved in Russia (just a year ago), and has already shown its high efficiency. The presented case demonstrates the opportunities of modern immunotherapy methods in treatment of dermatological diseases with sluggish clinical course.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>таргетная терапия</kwd><kwd>дупилумаб</kwd><kwd>почесуха</kwd><kwd>хронический зуд</kwd><kwd>патогенез почесухи</kwd><kwd>биологическая терапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>targeted therapy</kwd><kwd>dupilumab</kwd><kwd>prurigo</kwd><kwd>chronic pruritus</kwd><kwd>prurigo pathogenesis</kwd><kwd>biological therapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Задионченко Е.В., Ключникова Д.Е., Звездина И.В., Денисова Е.В. Особенности диагностики и лечения узловатой почесухи Гайда // Клиническая дерматология и венерология, 2022. T. 21, № 5. 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