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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-IOP-16732</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-3110</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SHORT COMMUNICATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние пегилированных наночастиц оксида графена на фагоцитарную и окислительную активность нейтрофилов человека</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Influence of pegylated graphene oxide nanoparticles on the respiratory burst and phagocytic activity of human neutrophils</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бочкова</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bochkova</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бочкова Мария Станиславовна – к.б.н., научный сотрудник лаборатории клеточной иммунологии и нанобиотехнологии.</p><p>614081, Пермь, ул. Голева, 13</p><p>Тел.: 8 (342) 280-77-94</p><p>Факс: 8 (342) 280-92-11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mariya S. Bochkova - PhD (Biology), Research Associate, Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Ecology and Genetic of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences.</p><p>13 Golev St Perm 614081</p><p>Phone: +7 (342) 280-77-94</p><p>Fax: +7 (342) 280-92-11</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">krasnykh-m@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ракутина</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rakutina</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Младший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной иммунологии.</p><p>Пермь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Research Associate, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Ecology and Genetic of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences.</p><p>Perm</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Усанина</surname><given-names>Д. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Usanina</surname><given-names>D. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Младший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной иммунологии.</p><p>Пермь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Research Associate, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Ecology and Genetic of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences.</p><p>Perm</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимганова</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Timganova</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>К.б.н., научный сотрудник лаборатории клеточной иммунологии и нанобиотехнологии.</p><p>Пермь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Research Associate, Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Ecology and Genetic of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences.</p><p>Perm</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Заморина</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zamorina</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Д.б.н., ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории клеточной иммунологии и нанобиотехнологии.</p><p>Пермь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Biology), Leading Research Associate, Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Ecology and Genetic of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences.</p><p>Perm</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт экологии и генетики микроорганизмов Уральского отделения Российской академии наук – филиал ФГБУН «Пермский федеральный исследовательский центр Уральского отделения Российской академии наук»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Ecology and Genetic of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>1071</fpage><lpage>1078</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бочкова М.С., Ракутина М.Н., Усанина Д.И., Тимганова В.П., Заморина С.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бочкова М.С., Ракутина М.Н., Усанина Д.И., Тимганова В.П., Заморина С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bochkova M.S., Rakutina M.N., Usanina D.I., Timganova V.P., Zamorina S.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/3110">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/3110</self-uri><abstract><p>Научно-технический прогресс способствует открытию и производству инновационных материалов. Появление графена – яркий тому пример. Графен считается перспективным материалом для применения в нанобиомедицине и в нанобиотехнологиях, поэтому важно понимать, как он влияет на иммунные клетки человека.</p><p>Целью исследования было изучение эффектов 5 и 25 мкг/мл наночастиц оксида графена с латеральными размерами 100-200 нм и 1-5 мкм, модифицированных линейным и разветвленным полиэтиленгликолем, на функциональную активность нейтрофилов человека.</p><p>Образование активных форм кислорода исследовали с помощью хемилюминесцентного анализа с использованием в качестве активатора хемилюминесценции люцигенина в микроварианте (96-луночный планшет) в течение 60 минут. Кроме того, исследовали эффект 60-минутной инкубации нейтрофилов с наночастицами пегилированного оксида графена на жизнеспособность этих клеток с окрашиванием их трипановым синим и 30-минутной инкубации – на поглощение нейтрофилами меченых флуоресцеином изоцианатом E. coli К-12 (лабораторный штамм). Пробы анализировали на проточном цитометре CytoFlex S. Определяли процент меченых флуоресцеином изоцианатом (поглотивших E. coli) нейтрофилов и индекс поглощения (медиана флуоресценции в гейте меченых флуоресцеином изотиоцианатом клеток, деленная на количество клеток в этом гейте). Образцы без добавления наночастиц служили контролем.</p><p>Было обнаружено снижение показателей люцигенин-усиленной хемилюминесценции нейтрофилов под влиянием двух типов наночастиц оксида графена: размером 1-5 мкм, покрытых линейным полиэтиленгликолем, и размером 100-200 нм, покрытых разветвленным полиэтиленгликолем, в концентрации 25 мкг/мл в стимулированном зимозаном варианте теста. Зависимости эффекта от размера частиц и типа полиэтиленгликоля не обнаружено. Показатели спонтанной хемилюминесценции нейтрофилов при добавлении наночастиц пегилированного оксида графена не изменялись.</p><p>Тридцатиминутная инкубация нейтрофилов человека при 37 °C c наночастицами пегилированного оксида графена с латеральными размерами 100-200 нм и 1-5 мкм не оказывала влияния на жизнеспособность этих клеток, а также на процент нейтрофилов, поглотивших E. coli. Однако модифицированный линейным полиэтиленгликолем оксид графена размером 1-5 мкм в концентрации 25 мкг/мл увеличивал количество поглощенных нейтрофилами E. coli из расчета на одну клетку.</p><p>Таким образом, при отсутствии цитотоксичности, частицы пегилированного оксида графена обладают разнонаправленными иммуномодулирующими эффектами на нейтрофилы. При этом важна именно их концентрация, а не размер частиц оксида графена и тип полиэтиленгликоля.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Scientific and technological progress contributes to the discovery and production of innovative materials. The emergence of graphene is a clear example of this. Graphene is considered a promising material for use in nanobiomedicine and nanobiotechnology. It is therefore important to understand how it affects human immune cells. In a study, the effects of 5 and 25 μg/mL graphene oxide nanoparticles with lateral sizes of 100-200 nm and 1-5 μm, modified with linear and branched polyethylene glycol, on human neutrophils were investigated. The formation of reactive oxygen species was evaluated with a lucigenin as a chemiluminescence activator.Inaddition, we investigated theeffect of a 60-minute incubation of neutrophils with pegylated graphene oxide nanoparticles on the viability of these cells by staining with trypan blue and a 30-minute incubation on the uptake of fluorescein isocyanate-labelled E. coli. The percentage of neutrophils which engulfed E. coli and the uptake index were determined. Samples without added nanoparticles served as controls.</p><p>A decrease in lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence of neutrophils was observed under the influence of two types of graphene oxide nanoparticles: 1-5 μm in size coated with linear polyethylene glycol, and 100-200 nm in size coated with branched polyethylene glycol, at a concentration of 25 μg/mL in the zymosan-stimulated version of the assay. No dependence of the effect on the particle size and the type of polyethylene glycol was observed. The indicators for spontaneous chemiluminescence of neutrophils did not change with the addition of PEGylated graphene oxide nanoparticles.</p><p>A thirty-minute incubation of human neutrophils at 37 °C with PEGylated graphene oxide nanoparticles with lateral dimensions of 100-200 nm and 1-5 μm had no effect on the viability of these cells and on the percentage of neutrophils that engulfed E. coli. However, 1-5 μm graphene oxide modified with linear polyethylene glycol at a concentration of 25 μg/mL increased the amount of E. coli engulfed by neutrophils per cell.</p><p>Thus, in the absence of cytotoxicity, PEGylated graphene oxide particles have multidirectional immunomodulatory effects on neutrophils. In this case, their concentration is decisive and not the size of the graphene oxide particles and the type of polyethylene glycol.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>оксид графена</kwd><kwd>полиэтиленгликоль</kwd><kwd>люцигенин-зависимая хемилюминесценция</kwd><kwd>нейтрофилы</kwd><kwd>активные формы кислорода</kwd><kwd>фагоцитоз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>graphene oxide</kwd><kwd>polyethyleneglycol</kwd><kwd>lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence</kwd><kwd>neutrophils</kwd><kwd>reactive oxygen species</kwd><kwd>phagocytosis</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания №124021900006-5 с использованием оборудования ЦКП «Исследования материалов и вещества» ПФИЦ УрО РАН.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бочкова М.С., Тимганова В.П., Храмцов П.В., Ужвиюк С.В., Шардина К.Ю., Нечаев А.И., Раев М.Б., Заморина С.А. 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