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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-HII-3065</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-3065</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Состояние гуморального иммунитета у пожилых, привитых против гриппа накануне отмены статуса пандемии COVID-19</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Humoral immunity in elderly persons vaccinated against influenza shortly before cancellation of COVID-19 pandemic</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2865-0439</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юшкова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Iushkova</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юшкова С.В. – аспирант кафедры эпидемиологии и современных технологий вакцинации Института профессионального образования </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Iushkova S.V., Postgraduate Student, Department of Epidemiology and Modern Technologies of Vaccination, Institute of Professional Education </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sofia-b@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5818-9569</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костинов</surname><given-names>М. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostinov</surname><given-names>M. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Костинов М.П. – д.м.н., профессор, член-корр. РАН, заведующий лабораторией вакцинопрофилактики и иммунотерапии; заведующий кафедрой эпидемиологии и современных технологий вакцинации Института профессионального образования </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kostinov M.P., PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Corresponding Member, Russian Academy of Sciences, Head, Laboratory of Vaccination and Immunotherapy of Allergic Diseases; Head, Department of Epidemiology and Modern Technologies of Vaccination, Institute of Professional Education </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">monolit.96@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-0580</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гладкова</surname><given-names>Л. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gladkova</surname><given-names>L. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гладкова Л.С. – к.м.н., заместитель главного врача больницы по санитарно-эпидемиологическим вопросам; доцент кафедры эпидемиологии и социальной гигиены Института медико-социальных технологий </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gladkova L.S., PhD (Medicine), Deputy Chief Doctor for Sanitary and Epidemiological Issues; Associate Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Social Hygiene, Institute of Medical and Social Technologies </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">liliyagladkova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5895-2982</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Камелева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kameleva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Камелева А.А. – к.м.н., врач – аллерголог-иммунолог, клинико-диагностическое отделение; ассистент кафедры клинической иммунологии, аллергологии и адаптологии факультета непрерывного медицинского образования Медицинского института </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kameleva A.A., PhD (Medicine), Allergist-Immunologist, Consultative and Diagnostic Department; Assistant Professor, Department of Clinical Immunology, Allergy, and Adaptation, Faculty of Continuous Medical Education, Medical Institute </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Yurenkova84@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7604-6289</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Качнова</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kachnova</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Качнова А.С. – врач – аллерголог-иммунолог, клинико-диагностическое отделение </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kachnova A.S., Allergist-Immunologist, Consultative and Diagnostic Department </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a_kachnova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0584-2376</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костинова</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostinova</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Костинова А.М. – к.м.н., ассистент кафедры эпидемиологии и современных технологий вакцинации Института профессионального образования; врач – аллерголог-иммунолог, клинико-диагностическое отделение </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kostinova A.M., PhD (Medicine), Assistant Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Modern Technologies of Vaccination, Institute of Professional Education; AllergistImmunologist, Consultative and Diagnostic Department </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aristica_kostino@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8766-7606</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соловьева</surname><given-names>И. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solovyeva</surname><given-names>I. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соловьева И.Л. – д.м.н., профессор, заведующая кафедрой педиатрии медицинского факультета имени Т.З. Биктимирова Института медицины, экологии и физической культуры </p><p>г. Ульяновск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Solovyeva I.L., PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Head, Department of Pediatrics, T. Biktimirov Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Ecology and Physical Education </p><p>Ulyanovsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irsol126@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1989-3334</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреева</surname><given-names>Н. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreeva</surname><given-names>N. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андреева Н.П. – к.м.н., доцент кафедры организации здравоохранения и информационных технологий в медицине; врач – аллергологиммунолог Республиканского центра семейной вакцинопрофилактики, заместитель главного врача </p><p>г. Чебоксары, Чувашская Республика</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andreeva N.P., PhD (Medicine), Associate Professor, Department of Healthcare Organization and Information Technologies in Medicine; AllergistImmunologist, Republican Family Vaccination Center, Deputy Chief </p><p>Cheboksary, Chuvash Republic</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Nataliutt@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-8"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9320-0789</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дагиль</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dagil</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дагиль Ю.А. – к.б.н., научный сотрудник лаборатории клинической иммунологии </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dagil Yu.A., PhD (Biology), Research Associate, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dagilya@petrovax.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-9"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6193-6281</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Настаева</surname><given-names>Н. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nastaeva</surname><given-names>N. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Настаева Н.Ю. – врач-эпидемиолог </p><p>г. Новороссийск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nastaeva N.Yu., Epidemiologist </p><p>Novorossiysk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ndm774@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-10"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8167-0959</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крюкова</surname><given-names>Н. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kryukova</surname><given-names>N. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Крюкова Н.О. – ассистент кафедры госпитальной терапии педиатрического факультета </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kryukova N.O., Assistant Professor, Department of Hospital Therapy, Pediatrics Faculty </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kryukovanadia@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-11"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9443-7268</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сайфутдинов</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saifutdinov</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сайфутдинов К.А. – студент 5-го курса стоматологического факультета </p><p>г. Казань, Республика Татарстан</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saifutdinov K.A., 5th year Student, Faculty of Dentistry </p><p>Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">karim2281337@gmal.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-12"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5980-8560</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Линок</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Linok</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Линок А.В. – к.м.н., доцент кафедры эпидемиологии и современных технологий вакцинации Института профессионального образования; научный сотрудник лаборатории эпидемиологического анализа и мониторинга инфекционных заболеваний </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Linok A.V., PhD (Medicine), Associate Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Modern Technologies of Vaccination, Institute of Professional Education; Research Associate, Laboratory for Epidemiological Analysis and Monitoring of Infectious Diseases </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">linok_a_v@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9327-4163</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Храпунова</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khrapunova</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Храпунова И.А. – д.м.н., профессор кафедры эпидемиологии и современных технологий вакцинации Института профессионального образования </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Khrapunova I.A., PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Modern Technologies of Vaccination, Institute of Professional Education </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">izabella-khrapunva@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7734-7382</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Раичич</surname><given-names>С. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Raicic</surname><given-names>S. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Раичич С.Р. – к.м.н., ассистент кафедры эпидемиологии и современных технологий вакцинации Института профессионального образования </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Raicic S.R., PhD (Medicine), Assistant Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Modern Technologies of Vaccination, Institute of Professional Education </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">raichich_s_r@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1332-519X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Локтионова</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Loktionova</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Локтионова М.Н. – к.м.н., доцент кафедры эпидемиологии и современных технологий вакцинации Института профессионального образования;  старший научный сотрудник лаборатории эпидемиологии; старший научный сотрудник лаборатории эпидемиологии природно-очаговых инфекций </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Loktionova M.N., PhD (Medicine), Associate Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Modern Technologies of Vaccination, Institute of Professional Education; Leading Research Associate, Laboratory for Epidemiology of Natural Foci Infections; Leading Research Associate, Laboratory of Vaccination and Immunotherapy of Allergic Diseases </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anthraxcrie@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-13"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0533-0909</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полищук</surname><given-names>В. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polishchuk</surname><given-names>V. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Полищук В.Б. – к.м.н., ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории вакцинопрофилактики и иммунотерапии аллергических заболеваний </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Polishchuk V.B., PhD (Medicine), Senior Research Associate, Laboratory of Vaccine Prophylaxis and Immunotherapy of Allergic Diseases </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">polischook@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-14"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9961-6269</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Албаханса</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Albahansa</surname><given-names>M. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Албаханса М.И. – аспирант кафедры эпидемиологии и современных технологий вакцинации Института профессионального образования </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Albahansa M.Y., Postgraduate Student, Department of Epidemiology and Modern Technologies of Vaccination, Institute of Professional Education </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">albahansayvette@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова» Министерства здравоохранения РФ (Сеченовский Университет)<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">I. Sechenov First State Medical University (Sechenov University)<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова» Министерства здравоохранения РФ (Сеченовский Университет);&#13;
ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт вакцин и сывороток имени И.И. Мечникова»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">I. Sechenov First State Medical University (Sechenov University);&#13;
I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Городская клиническая больница имени Д.Д. Плетнёва Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»;&#13;
ФГБУ «Государственный научный центр “Институт иммунологии”» Федерального медико-биологического агентства<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">D. Pletnev City Clinical Hospital;&#13;
National Research Center “Institute of Immunology”, Federal Medical Biological Agency<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Городская клиническая больница имени Д.Д. Плетнёва Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»;&#13;
ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Париса Лумумбы»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">D. Pletnev City Clinical Hospital;&#13;
P. Lumumba Russian University of Peoples’ Friendship<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Городская клиническая больница имени Д.Д. Плетнёва Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">D. Pletnev City Clinical Hospital<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова» Министерства здравоохранения РФ (Сеченовский Университет);&#13;
ГБУЗ «Городская клиническая больница имени Д.Д. Плетнёва Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">I. Sechenov First State Medical University (Sechenov University);&#13;
D. Pletnev City Clinical Hospital<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-7"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Ульяновский государственный университет»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Ulyanovsk State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-8"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Чувашский государственный университет имени И.Н. Ульянова»;&#13;
БУ «Городская детская клиническая больница» Министерства здравоохранения Чувашской Республики<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Chuvash State University;&#13;
City Children’s Clinical Hospital<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-9"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Государственный научный центр “Институт иммунологии”» Федерального медико-биологического агентства<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">National Research Center “Institute of Immunology”, Federal Medical Biological Agency<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-10"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБУЗ «Новороссийский клинический центр Федерального медико-биологического агентства»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Novorossiysk Clinical Center, Federal Medical Biological Agency<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-11"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения РФ<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-12"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения РФ<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Kazan State Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-13"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова» Министерства здравоохранения РФ (Сеченовский Университет);&#13;
ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт вакцин и сывороток имени И.И. Мечникова»;&#13;
ФБУН «Центральный научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии» Роспотребнадзора<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">I. Sechenov First State Medical University (Sechenov University);&#13;
I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera;&#13;
Central Research Institute of Epidemiology<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-14"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт вакцин и сывороток имени И.И. Мечникова»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>395</fpage><lpage>406</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Юшкова С.В., Костинов М.П., Гладкова Л.С., Камелева А.А., Качнова А.С., Костинова А.М., Соловьева И.Л., Андреева Н.П., Дагиль Ю.А., Настаева Н.Ю., Крюкова Н.О., Сайфутдинов К.А., Линок А.В., Храпунова И.А., Раичич С.Р., Локтионова М.Н., Полищук В.Б., Албаханса М.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Юшкова С.В., Костинов М.П., Гладкова Л.С., Камелева А.А., Качнова А.С., Костинова А.М., Соловьева И.Л., Андреева Н.П., Дагиль Ю.А., Настаева Н.Ю., Крюкова Н.О., Сайфутдинов К.А., Линок А.В., Храпунова И.А., Раичич С.Р., Локтионова М.Н., Полищук В.Б., Албаханса М.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Iushkova S.V., Kostinov M.P., Gladkova L.S., Kameleva A.A., Kachnova A.S., Kostinova A.M., Solovyeva I.L., Andreeva N.P., Dagil Y.A., Nastaeva N.Y., Kryukova N.O., Saifutdinov K.A., Linok A.V., Khrapunova I.A., Raicic S.R., Loktionova M.N., Polishchuk V.B., Albahansa M.Y.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/3065">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/3065</self-uri><abstract><p>Заболеваемость и смертность по причине гриппа непропорционально высоки среди пожилых людей. В Европейском регионе ВОЗ в 2004-2017 гг., самая высокая доля вируса гриппа A(H3N2) была отмечена в возрастной группе ≥ 65 лет – 10%. Эффективность вакцинации против гриппа снижается у лиц в возрасте старше 65-70 лет вследствие возрастной иммунной дисфункции (иммуностарения), что может быть связано с дисбалансом эффекторных Т-клеток памяти и регуляторных реакций. В этой возрастной группе высокодозовые или адъювантные вакцины потенциально более эффективны в отношении количества госпитализаций и в экономическом отношении, чем неадъювантные вакцины против гриппа в стандартных дозах. Цель исследования – изучить способность к формированию защитного титра антител после вакцинации к штаммам вируса гриппа на этапе завершения пандемии COVID-19 у пожилых людей. Всего в исследовании принял участие 31 участник в возрасте старше 60 лет, который был иммунизирован гриппозной четырехвалентной инактивированной субъединичной адъювантной вакциной внутримышечным способом введения. Антитела к штаммам вируса гриппа определяли методом постановки реакции торможения гемагглютинации (РТГА) через месяц после введения. Для лиц старше 60 лет через 1 месяц после вакцинации статистически значимое увеличение уровня серопротекции (p &lt; 0,05) наблюдается по отношению к трем штаммам: А/Виктория/2570/2019(H1N1) pdm09 до 74,2%, A/H3N2/Дарвин/9/2021 до 93,2% и В/Австрия/1359417/2021 до 74,2%. Уровень серопротекции к штамму В/Пхукет/3073/13 составил 35,5%. Средний геометрический титр антител (СГТ) лиц старшей возрастной группы до вакцинации по штамму Н1N1 составлял 15,1 (log2 3,91±0,59), после вакцинации – 73,7 (log2 6,20±0,93); по штамму H3N2 – 52,7 (log2 5,72±0,97) и 147,4 (log2 7,20±1,22) до и после соответственно; по штамму В/Ямагата – 8,6 (log2 3,11±0,54) и 24,1 (log2 4,59±0,79); по штамму В/Виктория СГТ составлял 10,1 (log2 3,33±0,38), после – 63,0 (log2 5,98±0,69). Фактор сероконверсии (ФСК) достоверно превысил требуемый уровень 2,00 для всех штаммов (р &lt; 0,05). Для обоих штаммов H3N2 и В/Ямагата ФСК составил 2,8, для штаммов Н1N1 и В/Виктория – 4,89 и 6,26 соответственно. Уровень сероконверсии для штаммов H3N2 и В/Ямагата составил 41,9%, для штамма H1N1 – 61,3%, для штамма В/Виктория – 77,4%. Иммуногенность каждого компонента гриппозной вакцины при однократной внутримышечной иммунизации добровольцев в возрасте старше 60 лет соответствовала как минимум одному критерию требований, предъявляемых к инактивированным гриппозным вакцинам.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Influenza-related morbidity and mortality are disproportionately high among older population. Over 2004-2017, the highest proportion of influenza A(H3N2) virus in the WHO European Region was observed in the age group of ≥ 65 years, i.e., 10%. The efficiency of influenza vaccination is shown to be reduced among individuals over 65-70 years of age, due to age-related immune dysfunction (immunosenescence). It may be associated with an imbalance in effector memory T cells and regulatory responses. In this age group, high-dose or adjuvanted influenza vaccines are potentially more effective in terms of hospitalization days and economy than with non-adjuvanted influenza vaccines used at standard doses. The aim of our study was to investigate the ability to form a protective titer of antibodies to influenza virus among elderly persons after vaccination by the end of the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 31 participants over 60 years of age took part in the study, who were immunized with an influenza quadrivalent inactivated subunit adjuvant vaccine by intramuscular injections. Antibodies to influenza virus strains were determined by performing a hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test one month after the vaccination. For individuals over 60 years old, one month after vaccination, a statistically significant increase in the seroprotection level (p &lt; 0.05) was observed in relation to three strains: A/Victoria/2570/2019(H1N1) pdm09 (up to 74.2%), A/H3N2/Darwin/9/2021 (93.2%), and B/Austria/1359417/2021 (up to 74.2%). The seroprotection level to the B/Phuket/3073/13 strain was 35.5%. The geometric means of antibody titer (GMT) in older individuals before vaccination was 15.1 (log2 3.91±0.59) for the H1N1 strain versus 73.7 (log2 6.20±0.93) after vaccination; for the H3N2 strain, 52.7 (log2 5.72±0.97) and 147.4 (log2 7.20±1.22), respectively; for the B/Yamagata strain, 8.6 (log2 3.11±0.54) versus 24.1 (log2 4.59±0.79). The GMT level for the B/Victoria strain, was 10.1 (log2 3.33±0.38) versus 63.0 (log2 5.98±0.69) after vaccination. The seroconversion rate (SCR) significantly exceeded the required level of 2.00 for all strains tested (p &lt; 0.05). For both H3N2 and B/Yamagata strains, the GMT was 2.8; for H1N1 and B/Victoria strains, 4.89 and 6.26, respectively. The seroconversion rate for H3N2 and B/Yamagata strains was 41.9%; for the H1N1 strain, 61.3%, for the B/Victoria strain it was 77.4%. The immunogenicity of each component of the influenza vaccine following a single intramuscular immunization of volunteers over 60 years old met at least one criterion of the requirements for inactivated influenza vaccines.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>грипп</kwd><kwd>адъювантная гриппозная вакцина</kwd><kwd>иммуногенность</kwd><kwd>эффективность вакцины</kwd><kwd>безопасность</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>influenza</kwd><kwd>adjuvant influenza vaccine</kwd><kwd>vaccine immunogenicity</kwd><kwd>efficiency</kwd><kwd>safety</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Костинов М.П. Вакцинация взрослых – от стратегии к тактике. Руководство для врачей. Москва: Группа МДВ, 2020. 248 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kostinov M.P. Adult vaccination: from strategy to tactics. 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