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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-ROT-3061</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-3061</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SHORT COMMUNICATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Регуляция цитокинового профиля NK-клеток факторами микроокружения, характерными для беременности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Regulation of the cytokine profile of NK cells by the microenvironment factors typical for pregnancy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гребенкина</surname><given-names>П. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grebenkina</surname><given-names>P. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гребенкина П.В. – младший научный сотрудник </p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Grebenkina P.V., Junior Research Associate </p><p>3 Mendeleevskaya Line St., Petersburg 199034 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлова</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhailova</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михайлова В.А. – д.б.н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории межклеточных взаимодействий </p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhailova V.A., PhD, MD (Biology), Senior Research Associate, Laboratory of Intercellular Interactions </p><p>3 Mendeleevskaya Line St., Petersburg 199034 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беспалова</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bespalova</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Беспалова О.Н. – д.м.н., заместитель директора по научной работе </p><p>Санкт-Петербург </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bespalova O.N., PhD, MD (Medicine), Deputy Director for Research </p><p>3 Mendeleevskaya Line St., Petersburg 199034 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сельков</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Selkov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сельков С.А. – д.м.н., профессор, заслуженный деятель науки РФ, заведующий отделом иммунологии и межклеточных взаимодействий; профессор кафедры иммунологии </p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Selkov S.A., PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Head, Department of Immunology and Intercellular Communications; Professor, Department of Immunology,</p><p>3 Mendeleevskaya Line St., Petersburg 199034;St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколов</surname><given-names>Д. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolov</surname><given-names>D. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соколов Д.И. – д.б.н., доцент, заведующий лабораторией межклеточных взаимодействий; профессор кафедры иммунологии </p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sokolov D.I., PhD, MD (Biology), Associate Professor, Head, Laboratory of Intercellular Communications; Professor, Department of Immunology,</p><p>3 Mendeleevskaya Line St., Petersburg 199034;St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Институт акушерства, гинекологии и репродуктологии имени Д.О. Отта»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>D. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Институт акушерства, гинекологии и репродуктологии имени Д.О. Отта»;&#13;
ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова» Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>D. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology;&#13;
First St. Petersburg State I. Pavlov Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>445</fpage><lpage>450</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гребенкина П.В., Михайлова В.А., Беспалова О.Н., Сельков С.А., Соколов Д.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гребенкина П.В., Михайлова В.А., Беспалова О.Н., Сельков С.А., Соколов Д.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Grebenkina P.V., Mikhailova V.A., Bespalova O.N., Selkov S.A., Sokolov D.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/3061">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/3061</self-uri><abstract><p>Децидуальные NK-клетки обладают отличными фенотипическими и функциональными характеристиками по сравнению с периферическими NK-клетками. Однако механизмы, лежащие в основе развития этих уникальных свойств, остаются малоизученными. Предполагается, что клетки макроокружения оказывают как прямое, так и косвенное влияние на NK-клетки в матке, модулируя их уровень «агрессии» по отношению к тканям плода, включая клетки трофобласт. Одним из механизмов регуляции NK-клеток является выделение цитокинов. Трофобласты, как и другие элементы микроокружения, продуцируют цитокины. Связываясь с рецепторами на поверхности клеток-мишеней, они изменяют поведение NK-клеток. В результате NK-клетки сами могут выделять цитокины, которые, в свою очередь, влияют на поведение других клеток. Как упоминалось ранее, недостаточно данных о причинах и механизмах, лежащих в основе изменений характеристик NK-клеток в матке. Тем не менее эти данные могут стать основой для создания более точной клеточной модели взаимодействия между клетками плода и иммунной системой матери. Кроме того, они могут послужить основой для разработки инструментов диагностики репродуктивных проблем. Целью исследования – изучение цитокинового профиля NK-клеток (продукция TNFα, TGF-β, IFNγ, RANTES, IL-10, VEGF) под влиянием цитокинов, связанных с беременностью, – TNFα, IFNγ, TGF-β1, IL-15, IL-18 или IL-10. Уровни этих цитокинов в кондиционированных средах, полученных после культивирования NK-клеток, были измерены с помощью проточной цитометрии. Было обнаружено, что TGF-β1, секретируемый клетками трофобласта, обладает способностью регулировать цитокиновый профиль NK-клеток. Под его воздействием уровни IFNγ, IL-10 и RANTES в средах, полученных из культуры NK-клеток, были снижены. Основываясь на этих результатах, можно сделать вывод, что существует система, которая контролирует активность NK-клеток через сеть цитокинов. Эти данные указывают на потенциальную возможность использования TGF-β1 для моделирования взаимодействия между NK-клетками и трофобластами in vitro.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Decidual NK cells exhibit distinct phenotypic and functional characteristics as compared to peripheral NK cells. However, the mechanisms underlying development of these unique properties remain poorly understood. The cells in microenvironment are known to exert both direct and indirect influence on NK cells within uterus, modulating their level of “aggressiveness” towards fetal tissues, including trophoblasts. Cytokine release presents a remote regulatory tool for the NK cells. Trophoblasts produce cytokines like as other components of the microenvironment. These cytokines bind the receptors on surface of target cells thud changing the behavior of NK cells. As a result, NK cells may release the own cytokines, which, in turn, influence the behavior of other cells. As mentioned above, there is a lack of data on causes and mechanisms behind the changes in characteristics of NK cells in uterus. Nevertheless, this data can lay the foundation for designing a more accurate cellular model of interactions between fetal cells and maternal immune system. Moreover, it may serve as a basis for developing diagnostic tools for reproductive issues. The aim of our study was to investigate changes in cytokine profile of NK cells, in particular, their production of TNFα, TGF-β, IFNγ, RANTES, IL-10, and VEGF under the influence of cytokines associated with pregnancy, i.e., TNFα, IFNγ, TGF-β1, IL-15, IL-18, or IL-10. The levels of these cytokines in the culture media conditioned by NK cells were measured using flow cytometry. TGF-β1, produced by trophoblasts was found to have the ability of regulating cytokine secretion by NK cells. The levels of IFNγ, IL-10, and RANTES in the media derived from NK cell culture have been decreased under its influence. On the basis of these findings, one may propose the existence of a regulatory system that controls activity of NK cells via the cytokine network. These data suggest a potential for using TGF-β1 to model in vitro interactions between NK cells and trophoblasts.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>NK-клетки</kwd><kwd>цитокины</kwd><kwd>беременность</kwd><kwd>трофобласт</kwd><kwd>TGF-β</kwd><kwd>межклеточные взаимодействия</kwd><kwd>микроокружение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>NK cells</kwd><kwd>cytokines</kwd><kwd>pregnancy</kwd><kwd>trophoblast</kwd><kwd>TGF-β</kwd><kwd>intercellular communication</kwd><kwd>microenvironment</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was funded by the project – “Development of diagnostic criteria for predicting and overcoming reproductive losses”, head O.N. Bespalova. 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