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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-IAI-16635</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-3043</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SHORT COMMUNICATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Трафик IgE и IgG В-клеток в низкодозовой модели аллергии на Gal d1, 2, 3</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>IgE and IgG B cell traffic in a low-dose Gal d1, 2, 3 allergy model</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фаттахова</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fattakhova</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., научный сотрудник отдела иммунологии,</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Biology), Research Associate, Department of Immunology, </p><p> </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макарова</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarova</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>инженер-исследователь отдела иммунологии;</p><p>студентка бакалавриата,</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Research Engineer of the Department of Immunology;</p><p>Undergraduate Student, </p><p> </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коновалова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konovalova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., научный сотрудник отдела иммунологии,</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Biology), Research Associate, Department of Immunology, </p><p> </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каширина</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kashirina</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., младший научный сотрудник отдела иммунологии,</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Biology), Junior Research Associate, Department of Immunology,</p><p> </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коцарева</surname><given-names>О. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotsareva</surname><given-names>O. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., научный сотрудник отдела иммунологии,</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Biology), Research Associate, Department of Immunology, </p><p> </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Окара</surname><given-names>П. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Okara</surname><given-names>P. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студентка бакалавриата,</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Undergraduate Student, </p><p> </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Матушевская</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Matushevskaya</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>профессор кафедры дерматовенерологии и косметологии,</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Professor, Department of Dermatovenerology and Cosmetology, </p><p> </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Свирщевская</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Svirshchevskaya</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Свирщевская Елена Викторовна - к.б.н., старший научный сотрудник отдела иммунологии,</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 16/10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Svirshchevskaya - PhD, MD (Biology), Senior Research Associate, Department of Immunology, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklay St, Moscow 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">esvir@mail.ibch.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН «Институт биоорганической химии имени академиков М.М. Шемякина и Ю.А. Овчинникова» Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Shemyakin–Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН «Институт биоорганической химии имени академиков М.М. Шемякина и Ю.А. Овчинникова» Российской академии наук;&#13;
ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Shemyakin–Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences;&#13;
Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВПО «Московский государственный университет тонких химических технологий имени М.В. Ломоносова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University of Fine Chemical Technologies</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ДПО «Институт повышения квалификации Федерального медико-биологического агентства»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Advanced Training, Federal Medical and Biological Agency</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>733</fpage><lpage>740</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Фаттахова Г.В., Макарова А.О., Коновалова М.В., Каширина Е.И., Коцарева О.Д., Окара П.С., Матушевская Е.В., Свирщевская Е.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фаттахова Г.В., Макарова А.О., Коновалова М.В., Каширина Е.И., Коцарева О.Д., Окара П.С., Матушевская Е.В., Свирщевская Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fattakhova G.V., Makarova A.O., Konovalova M.V., Kashirina E.I., Kotsareva O.D., Okara P.S., Matushevskaya E.V., Svirshchevskaya E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/3043">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/3043</self-uri><abstract><p>Аллергия I типа опосредуется образованием IgE-антител к белкам, выделяемым нереплицирующимися микроорганизмами (пыльца растений, клещи домашней пыли и др.), попадающими на слизистые оболочки в очень низких концентрациях. Механизмы и локализация переключения наивных В-клеток на синтез IgE к аллергенам полностью не определены. Целью данной работы было определение места переключения В-клеток и трафик IgE-продуцирующих В-клеток у мышей, иммунизированных низкой дозой эквимолярной смеси белков куриных яиц Gal d1, Gal d2, Gal d3. Аллергены в физиологическом растворе вводили в холку мышей 9-10 раз с интервалом в 2-3 дня; общая доза составила 2,7 мкг на мышь. Продукцию IgE к белкам Gal d в крови и В-клетками, выделенным из холки, дренирующих лимфоузлов, селезенки и костного мозга иммунных мышей анализировали в динамике после прекращения сенсибилизации. Как в крови, так и в культурах in vitro доминирование IgE менялось с распознавания низкомолекулярного белка Gal d2 в течение сенсибилизации мышей на высокомолекулярный аллерген Gal d3 после отмены сенсибилизации. Показали, что формировался IgG ответ памяти, который появлялся только через месяц после окончания сенсибилизации. IgG формировался только к Gal d3, но не к другим аллергенам. Культуры in vitro показали, что В-клетки переключались на выработку IgE локально в холке с низким трафиком в селезенку, но не в лимфоузлы. В сыворотке крови титры IgE ко всем белкам Gal d снижались после прекращения сенсибилизации и сохранялись длительное время. В селезенке через месяц после отмены сенсибилизации появлялся пул В-клеток, продуцирующих IgE in vitro. Полученные результаты позволили сделать несколько выводов. 1) В-клетки переключаются на синтез IgE локально в месте попадания аллергена (холка). 2) Наблюдается преимущественное распознавание IgE антителами белков из пула аллергенов, причем ответ двухфазный: на раннем ответе распознается низкомолекулярный белок Gal d2; при ответе памяти распознается высокомолекулярный аллерген Gal d3. 3) В данной модели наблюдается доминирование IgG ответа на высокомолекулярный белок Gal d3. Таким образом, показано, что при распознавании иммунной системой смеси белков, происходящих из аллергена, наблюдается доминирование белков, распознаваемых как IgE, так и IgG. Поскольку у больных аллергией чаще всего нет IgG-антител, то можно предположить, что в этом случае наблюдается поддерживаемый поступлением антигена ответ первой фазы, при котором распознаются низкомолекулярные белки IgE-антителами, но не формируется IgG ответ.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Type I allergy is mediated by the formation of IgE antibodies to proteins secreted by nonreplicating microorganisms (plant pollen, house dust mites, etc.) that enter the mucous membranes in very low concentrations. The mechanisms and localization of naive B cells’ switching to IgE production have not been fully determined. The aim of this work was to determine the switching site of B cells and the traffic of IgEproducing B cells in mice immunized with a low dose of equimolar mixture of egg proteins Gal d1, Gal d2, and Gal d3. Allergens in saline solution were injected into the withers of mice 9-10 times with an interval of 2-3 days; the total dose was 2.7 µg/mouse. The production of IgE to Gal d proteins in the blood and by B cells isolated from the withers, draining lymph nodes, spleen, and bone marrow of immune mice was analyzed in dynamics after cessation of sensitization. Both in blood and in in vitro cultures, the dominance of IgE changed from the recognition of the LMW Gal d2 during the sensitization of mice to the HMW Gal d3 after sensitization was discontinued. In this model, an IgG memory response appeared only a month after the end of sensitization and recognized only Gal d3. In vitro cultures showed that B cells switched to IgE production locally in the withers with low traffic to the spleen. In the blood serum, IgE titers for all Gal d proteins decreased after the cessation of sensitization and persisted for a long time. A month after the cancellation of the sensitization, a pool of B cells producing IgE in vitro appeared in the spleen. These B-cells died after 20-30 days as no in vitro IgE production was observed later than 85-90 days. The results obtained allowed us to draw several conclusions. B cells switch to IgE synthesis locally at the site of allergen injections. The response was two-phase: LMW Gal d2 was recognized in the early response, while HMW Gal d3 was recognized in the late phase. In this model, the IgG response to HMW Gal d3 was clearly dominant. In conclusion, it has been shown that when the immune system recognizes a mixture of proteins originating from some allergen, the dominance of proteins recognized by both IgE and IgG is observed. Since allergy patients most often do not have IgG antibodies, it can be assumed that in this case an acute phase response, supported by antigen intake, is observed, in which LMW allergens are recognized.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аллергия на куриные яйца</kwd><kwd>IgE</kwd><kwd>Gal d</kwd><kwd>трафик В-клеток</kwd><kwd>мышиная модель аллергии</kwd><kwd>локальное переключение В-клеток</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>allergy to chicken eggs</kwd><kwd>IgE</kwd><kwd>Gal d</kwd><kwd>B cell traffic</kwd><kwd>mouse model of allergy</kwd><kwd>local switching of B cells</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baba S., Kondo K., Toma-Hirano M., Kanaya K., Suzukawa K., Ushio M., Suzukawa M., Ohta K., Yamasoba T. Local increase in IgE and class switch recombination to IgE in nasal polyps in chronic rhinosinusitis. Clin. Exp. 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