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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-MCF-3037</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-3037</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Мононуклеарные клетки пуповинно-плацентарной крови человека: оценка аллергенности и воздействие на иммунный статус в экспериментах на теплокровных</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mononuclear cells from human umbilical cord/placental blood: Assessment of allergenicity and impact on immune status in experimental warm-blooded animals</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6233-5944</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скупневский</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skupnevskiy</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Скупневский С.В. – д.б.н., заведующий лабораторией системного экологического анализа </p><p>362025, Республика Северная Осетия – Алания, г. Владикавказ, ул. Ватутина, 44-46.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Skupnevskiy S.V., PhD, MD (Biology), Head, Laboratory of Systemic Environmental Analysis </p><p>44-46 Vatutin St., Vladikavkaz, Republic of North Ossetia – Alania 362025</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dreammas@yandex.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4717-1734</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савельев</surname><given-names>Р. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saveljev</surname><given-names>R. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Савельев Р.В. – лаборант лаборатории системного экологического анализа </p><p>362025, Республика Северная Осетия – Алания, г. Владикавказ, ул. Ватутина, 44-46.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saveljev R.V., Laboratory Assistant, Laboratory of Systemic Environmental Analysis </p><p>44-46 Vatutin St., Vladikavkaz, Republic of North Ossetia – Alania 362025</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">23rodion18@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0850-2537</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пухаева</surname><given-names>Е. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pukhaeva</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пухаева Е.Г. – младший научный сотрудник лаборатории системного экологического анализа </p><p>362025, Республика Северная Осетия – Алания, г. Владикавказ, ул. Ватутина, 44-46.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pukhaeva E.G., Junior Research Associate, Laboratory of Systemic Environmental Analysis </p><p>44-46 Vatutin St., Vladikavkaz, Republic of North Ossetia – Alania 362025</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">medgenetika435@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9575-0749</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Морозова</surname><given-names>Я. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Morozova</surname><given-names>Ya. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Морозова Я.В. – к.п.н., старший научный сотрудник; старший научный сотрудник </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Morozova Ya.V., PhD (Psychology), Senior Research Associate; Senior Research Associate </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yanamorozova0@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4441-3299</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Радаев</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Radaev</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Радаев С.М. – к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Radaev S.M., PhD (Medicine), Senior Research Associate </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">radaevsm@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Смирнов В.А. – к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Smirnov V.A., PhD (Medicine), Senior Research Associate </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vla_smirnov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3515-8329</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гринь</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гринь А.А. – д.м.н., член-корр. РАН, профессор, руководитель клиники неотложной нейрохирургии </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Grin A.A., PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Corresponding Member, Russian Academy of Sciences, Head, Department of Emergency Neurosurgery </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aagreen@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Осетинский государственный университет имени К.Л. Хетагурова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North Ossetian State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ г. Москвы «Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи имени Н.В. Склифосовского Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»;&#13;
ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии имени академика Е.И. Чазова» Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N. Sklifosovsky Research Institute of Emergency Medicine, Moscow Healthcare Department;&#13;
E. Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ г. Москвы «Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи имени Н.В. Склифосовского Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N. Sklifosovsky Research Institute of Emergency Medicine, Moscow Healthcare Department</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>303</fpage><lpage>310</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Скупневский С.В., Савельев Р.В., Пухаева Е.Г., Морозова Я.В., Радаев С.М., Смирнов В.А., Гринь А.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Скупневский С.В., Савельев Р.В., Пухаева Е.Г., Морозова Я.В., Радаев С.М., Смирнов В.А., Гринь А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Skupnevskiy S.V., Saveljev R.V., Pukhaeva E.G., Morozova Y.V., Radaev S.M., Smirnov V.A., Grin A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/3037">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/3037</self-uri><abstract><p>Мононуклеарные клетки пуповинно-плацентарной крови человека (МКППКЧ) применяются в качестве основной или вспомогательной терапии для лечения порядка 80 различных нозологий, что связано с их высокой пролиферативной активностью, низкой иммуногенностью и возможностью подбора редких HLA-типов трансплантатов для этнических меньшинств. В этой связи оценка безопасности клеточного материала в отношении иммунной системы является актуальной. Цель – изучить аллергенное и иммунотоксическое действие мононуклеарных клеток пуповинноплацентарной крови человека в рамках доклинических испытаний на животных. Изучение гиперчувствительности I типа к МКППКЧ проводилось по стандартной методике оценки бронхиолоспазма на трахее самцов и самок морских свинок. Образцы участков трахеи инкубировали в растворе Рингера– Тироде с конечной концентрацией суспензии мононуклеарных клеток 2,5%, позитивный контроль – гистамина гидрохлорид. Определение антител к МКППКЧ осуществлялось на самцах мышей линии CBAxC57B2/6 по реакции связывания комплемента (индикация – отсутствие гемолиза эритроцитов барана). Мышам однократно внутривенно вводили клеточный материал в 10, 50 и 100-кратной дозировке от терапевтической для человека (8,57 × 107  клеток/кг, 4,28 × 108  клеток/кг, 8,57 × 108  клеток/кг массы тела соответственно); кровь для анализа отбирали через 21 день после введения биоматериала. Позитивный контроль – сыворотка мышей, иммунизированных S. aureus. Исследование фагоцитарной активности нейтрофилов проводилось на самцах и самках крыс линии Wistar, которым однократно внутривенно вводили МКППКЧ из расчета 100-кратной терапевтической дозировки. Через 30 дней проводили исследование фагоцитарного индекса и фагоцитарного числа методом тест-туши, анализируя по 600 клеток на каждую группу. Рассчитывали медиану, верхний и нижний квартили (Ме (Q0,25-Q0,75)); сравнение гипотез проводили по U-критерию Манна–Уитни. В ответ на введение МКППКЧ анафилактогенной активности и выработки антител к клеточному материалу в экспериментах на животных не выявлено. У самок крыс статистически значимо (р = 0,004) возросла фагоцитарная активность нейтрофилов относительно контрольных животных (56,5 (53,8-60,8) и 44,0 (40,5- 47,5) соответственно); у самцов крыс отмечена тенденция к увеличению фагоцитарной активности на 13% (р = 0,054). Фагоцитарный индекс во всех сравниваемых группах остался в зоне флуктуаций нормативных величин 1,8-2,0. Мононуклеары пуповинно-плацентарной крови человека не обладают анафилактогенным, а в 100-кратной от терапевтической дозировки (8,57 × 108  кл/кг) – иммунотоксическим действием, но способствуют росту фагоцитарной активности нейтрофилов, что требует дальнейших доклинических и клинических испытаний эффективности и безопасности применения биоматериала с высоким лечебным потенциалом.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Human mononuclear cells from umbilical cord blood (HUCBMCs) are used as the main or adjuvant therapy for treatment of about 80 different diseases, due to high proliferative activity of these cells, low immunogenicity and an opportunity of selecting rare HLA types for transplants. In this regard, assessment of cellular material in protocols of immunopharmacology is relevant. Our objective was to study allergenic and immunotoxic effects of mononuclear cells from human umbilical cord/placental blood as preclinical testing in laboratory animals. The study of type I hypersensitivity to HUCBMCs was carried out using a standard method for assessing bronchiolar spasm in male and female guinea pigs. The samples of tracheal sections were incubated in Ringer–Tyrode solution at the 2.5 per cent concentration of mononuclear cell suspension, with histamine hydrochloride serving a positive control. Antibody detection to HUCBMCs was carried out in the CBAxC57B2/6 male mice using by means of complement fixation test (indexed as absence of hemolysis of sheep erythrocytes). The mice were subjected to single intravenous injections of cell material exceeding the human therapeutic dose 10, 50 and 100-times (8.57 × 107  cells/kg, 4.28 × 108  cells/kg, 8.57 × 108  cells/kg body weight, respectively). Blood for analysis was taken 21 days after administration of the biomaterial. Blood serum from mice immunized with S. aureus was used as a positive control. A study of the phagocytic activity of neutrophils was carried out in male and female Wistar rats, which were subjected to a single intravenous injection of HUCBMCs at 10-fold therapeutic dosage. After 30 days, the phagocytic index and phagocytic number were studied using the ink test method, by analyzing 600 cells for each group. The median, upper and lower quartiles (Me (Q0.25-Q0.75)) were calculated; the hypotheses were compared using the Mann–Whitney U test. We didn’t detect anaphylactogenic activity and production of antibodies to cellular material after administration of HUCBMCs to the animals. In female rats, the phagocytic activity of neutrophils increased statistically significantly (p = 0.004) relative to control animals [56.5 (53.8-60.8) versus 44.0 (40.5-47.5), respectively]. In male rats, there was a tendency to increased phagocytic activity by 13% (p = 0.054). The phagocytic index in all compared groups remained within deviations of standard values (1.8-2.0). Human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells do not exhibit an anaphylactogenic, and do not show any immunotoxic effect at 100-fold at the human therapeutic dosage (8.57 × 108  cells/kg). However, they contribute to increase of phagocytic activity of neutrophils, thus requiring further preclinical and clinical trials of efficiency and safety for usage of this biomaterial with high therapeutic potential.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>анафилактогенная активность</kwd><kwd>гиперчувствительность немедленного типа</kwd><kwd>гуморальный иммунитет</kwd><kwd>иммунотоксичность</kwd><kwd>клеточный иммунитет</kwd><kwd>мононуклеарные клетки пуповинно-плацентарной крови человека</kwd><kwd>фагоцитоз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>anaphylactogenic activity</kwd><kwd>immediate hypersensitivity</kwd><kwd>humoral immunity</kwd><kwd>immunotoxicity</kwd><kwd>cellular immunity</kwd><kwd>mononuclear cells</kwd><kwd>human umbilical/placental blood</kwd><kwd>phagocytosis</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Данное исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке АНО «Московский Центр Инновационных Технологий в Здравоохранении» (грант на реализацию научно-практического проекта в сфере медицины: «Разработка методов регенеративной и клеточной терапии заболеваний и повреждений центральной нервной системы»).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Данное исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке АНО «Московский Центр Инновационных Технологий в Здравоохранении» (грант на реализацию научно-практического проекта в сфере медицины: «Разработка методов регенеративной и клеточной терапии заболеваний и повреждений центральной нервной системы»).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гришина В.В. 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