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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-TLO-3013</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-3013</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Уровень антител и особенности цитокинового профиля сыворотки крови у молодых людей в период пандемии COVID-19</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The levels of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody and cytokine profile in blood serum of young people during the COVID-19 pandemic</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ли</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Li</surname><given-names>Yu. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ли Ю.А. – к.м.н., врач-инфекционист, майор медицинской службы, преподаватель военного учебного центра </p><p>690011, г. Владивосток, ул. Можайская, 22, кв. 121.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Li Yu.А., PhD (Medicine), Infectious Diseases Doctor, Major of Medical Service, Teacher of the Military Training Center </p><p>Vladivostok</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">julianochka160188@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дмитраченко</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dmitrachenko</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитраченко М.Н. – студентка лечебного факультета </p><p>690011, г. Владивосток, ул. Можайская, 22, кв. 121.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitrachenko M.N., Student, Medical Faculty </p><p>Vladivostok</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mdmitrachenko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маркелова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Markelova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Маркелова Е.В. – д.м.н., профессор, заведующая кафедрой нормальной и патологической физиологии </p><p>690011, г. Владивосток, ул. Можайская, 22, кв. 121.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Markelova E.V., PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Head, Department of Normal and Pathological Physiology </p><p>Vladivostok</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">markev2010@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костинов</surname><given-names>М. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostinov</surname><given-names>M. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Костинов М.П. – д.м.н., профессор, член-корр. РАН, заведующий лабораторией вакцинопрофилактики и иммунотерапии аллергических заболеваний; заведующий кафедрой эпидемиологии и современных технологий вакцинации </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kostinov M.P., PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Corresponding Member, Russian Academy of Sciences, Head, Laboratory of Vaccination and Immunotherapy of Allergic Diseases; Head, Department of Epidemiology and Modern Technologies of Vaccination </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">monolit.96@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Королев</surname><given-names>И. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korolev</surname><given-names>I. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Королев И.Б. – к.м.н., полковник медицинской службы, начальник военного учебного центра </p><p>690011, г. Владивосток, ул. Можайская, 22, кв. 121.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Korolev I.B., PhD (Medicine), Colonel of Medical Service, Head of the Military Training Center </p><p>Vladivostok</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">korolev@tgmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Немцев</surname><given-names>К. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nemtsev</surname><given-names>K. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Немцев К.К. – студент лечебного факультета </p><p>690011, г. Владивосток, ул. Можайская, 22, кв. 121.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nemtsev K.K., Student, Medical Faculty </p><p>Vladivostok</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nemtsev00@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Тихоокеанский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pacific State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт вакцин и сывороток имени И.И. Мечникова»;&#13;
ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова» (Сеченовский университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, Russian Federation;&#13;
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>369</fpage><lpage>378</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ли Ю.А., Дмитраченко М.Н., Маркелова Е.В., Костинов М.П., Королев И.Б., Немцев К.К., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ли Ю.А., Дмитраченко М.Н., Маркелова Е.В., Костинов М.П., Королев И.Б., Немцев К.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Li Y.А., Dmitrachenko M.N., Markelova E.V., Kostinov M.P., Korolev I.B., Nemtsev K.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/3013">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/3013</self-uri><abstract><p>В период пандемии COVID-19 множество вопросов, связанных с особенностями иммунного ответа на перенесенное заболевание, вакцинацию, развитие постковидного синдрома или его атипичных форм, остались не вполне разрешенными. Также не определены оптимальные и эффективные стратегии вакцинации против респираторных вирусных инфекций в «эру постковида». Разнообразие вакцин, прививочный анамнез, факторы риска, а также присоединение COVID-19 к спектру сезонных инфекций в значительной степени влияют на исходный иммунологический профиль различных групп населения. Исследуемая группа – 80 юношей в возрасте 19 лет, проживающих в закрытых коллективах. Забор крови производился в 2022 г., через 9 месяцев после курса вакцинации препаратом «Спутник V». В сыворотках венозной крови проводились исследования уровня про- и противовоспалительных цитокинов (IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17, IFNγ, TNFα), а также антител IgM и IgG к SARS-CoV-2. Результаты обрабатывались при помощи Microsoft Excel, R-Statistics, SPSS 22. Нормальность распределения количественных данных оценивалась по критерию Колмогорова–Смирнова. Количественные данные представлены в виде Me (Q0,25-Q0,75), качественные – в виде n (%). Для определения статистической значимости использовался коэффициент корреляции Спирмена. Средний уровень IgG к SARS-CoV-2 через 9 месяцев после вакцинации превышал заявленный защитный уровень более чем в 3 раза. При сравнении уровней цитокинов в зависимости от уровня антител IgG к SARS-CoV-2 были получены разноплановые данные. В группе 1 с IgG к SARS-CoV-2, не достигавшими рекомендованного защитного уровня (&lt; 150 BAU/мл), уровни исследованных провоспалительных цитокинов (IL-1β, TNFα, IL-6, IL-8) были в 2 и более раз выше, чем в группе 2 с IgG к SARS-CoV-2 от 150 до 500 BAU/мл. При этом уровень противовоспалительного цитокина IL-10 был в 5 раз выше в 1-й группе по сравнению со 2-й группой. Значительно выше (в 4 раза) уровень IL-10 был и в группе 3 с IgG к SARS-CoV-2 от 500 и более BAU/мл. По нашему мнению, существует множество факторов, влияющих на иммунный ответ, что требует персонализированного подхода к вакцинации с учетом исходного иммунного состояния. Для оптимизации повторной вакцинации необходимо учитывать предыдущие уровни антител, а также использовать иммунологические показатели для оценки необходимости дополнительных доз.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>During the COVID-19 pandemic, many issues remained unclear, i.e., those related to features of immune response in the disease, vaccination, and development of post-COVID syndrome, or its atypical forms. Optimal and effective vaccination strategies against respiratory viral infections in the “post-COVID era” have not been determined so far. The variety of vaccines, vaccination history, risk factors, as well as joining of COVID-19 to the spectrum of seasonal infections significantly influence the initial immunological profile of various population groups. The study group included 80 young men aged 19 years living in closed communities. Blood sampling was carried out in 2022, 9 months after the course of vaccination with the Sputnik V vaccine. The levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17, IFNγ, TNFα), as well as IgM and IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 were measured in venous blood sera. The results were processed by Microsoft Excel, R-Statistics, SPSS 22. The normality of distribution for quantitative data was assessed by the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Quantitative data are presented as Me (Q0.25-Q0.75); qualitative, in the form of n (%). Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to determine statistical significance. The average level of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies 9 months after vaccination exceeded the protective level by more than 3 times. Comparisons of cytokine levels and SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies have yielded various findings. In group 1 with SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies &lt; 150 BAU/mL, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNFα, IL-6, IL-8) were &gt; 2-fold higher than in group 2 with SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies ranging from 150 to 500 BAU/mL. Moreover, IL-10 level was 5 times higher in group 1 compared to group 2. The level of IL-10 was significantly higher (4 times) in group 3 with SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody levels of &gt; 500 BAU/mL. In our opinion, there are many factors influencing the immune response, thus requiring a personalized approach to vaccination by taking into account the initial immune state. To optimize booster vaccination, the initial antibody levels should be checked, and immunological indices may be used in order to assess the necessity of re-vaccination.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>антитела</kwd><kwd>цитокины</kwd><kwd>вакцинация</kwd><kwd>юноши</kwd><kwd>пандемия</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>antibodies</kwd><kwd>cytokines</kwd><kwd>vaccination</kwd><kwd>young adults</kwd><kwd>pandemic</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы заявляют об отсутствии финансирования</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Костинов М.П. Иммунопатогенные свойства SARS-CoV-2 как основа для выбора патогенетической терапии // Иммунология, 2020. Т. 41, № 1. С. 83-91.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kostinov M.P. 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