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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-PRO-2992</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-2992</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Возможная роль тромбоцитарно-моноцитарных комплексов в патогенезе привычного невынашивания беременности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Possible role of platelet-monocyte complexes in the pathogenesis of recurrent pregnancy loss</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлов</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlov</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павлов О.В. – д.б.н., старший научный сотрудник отдела иммунологии и межклеточных взаимодействий </p><p>199034, Санкт-Петербург, Менделеевская линия, 3.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavlov O.V., PhD, MD (Biology), Senior Researcher, Department of Immunology and Cell Interaction </p><p>3 Mendeleev Line St. Petersburg 199034</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ovpavlov@hotmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чепанов</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chepanov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чепанов С.В. – к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник отдела иммунологии и межклеточных взаимодействий </p><p>199034, Санкт-Петербург, Менделеевская линия, 3.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chepanov S.V., PhD (Medicine), Senior Researcher, Department of Immunology and Cell Interaction </p><p>3 Mendeleev Line St. Petersburg 199034</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корнюшина</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kornyushina</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Корнюшина Е.А. – к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник отдела акушерства и перинатологии </p><p>199034, Санкт-Петербург, Менделеевская линия, 3.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kornyushina E.A., PhD (Medicine), Senior Researcher, Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology </p><p>3 Mendeleev Line St. Petersburg 199034</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шенгелия</surname><given-names>М. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shengeliia</surname><given-names>M. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шенгелия М.О. – к.м.н., научный сотрудник отдела акушерства и перинатологии </p><p>199034, Санкт-Петербург, Менделеевская линия, 3.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shengeliia M.O., PhD (Medicine), Researcher, Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology </p><p>3 Mendeleev Line St. Petersburg 199034</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тхай</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tkhai</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тхай Д.В. – лаборант-исследователь отдела иммунологии и межклеточных взаимодействий </p><p>199034, Санкт-Петербург, Менделеевская линия, 3.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tkhai D.V., Laboratory Research Assistant, Department of Immunology and Cell Interactions </p><p>3 Mendeleev Line St. Petersburg 199034</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сельков</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Selkov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сельков С.А. – д.м.н., профессор, заслуженный деятель науки РФ, заведующий отделом иммунологии и межклеточных взаимодействий; профессор кафедры иммунологии </p><p>199034, Санкт-Петербург, Менделеевская линия, 3.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Selkov S.A., PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Head, Department of Immunology and Intercellular Interactions; Professor, Department of Immunology </p><p>3 Mendeleev Line St. Petersburg 199034</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт акушерства, гинекологии и репродуктологии имени Д.О. Отта»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">D. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт акушерства, гинекологии и репродуктологии имени Д.О. Отта»;&#13;
ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова» Министерства здравоохранения РФ<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">D. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology;&#13;
First St. Petersburg State I. Pavlov Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>1111</fpage><lpage>1126</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Павлов О.В., Чепанов С.В., Корнюшина Е.А., Шенгелия М.О., Тхай Д.В., Сельков С.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Павлов О.В., Чепанов С.В., Корнюшина Е.А., Шенгелия М.О., Тхай Д.В., Сельков С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pavlov O.V., Chepanov S.V., Kornyushina E.A., Shengeliia M.O., Tkhai D.V., Selkov S.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2992">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2992</self-uri><abstract><p>Привычное невынашивание беременности представляет собой существенную клиническую проблему, которая затрагивает 1-5% популяции, при этом в более чем половине случаев причина преждевременной потери беременности остается неизвестной. Одной из возможных причин является нарушение баланса в системе гемостаза матери, приводящее к тромбозу маточно-плацентарных сосудов, снижению перфузии плаценты и гипоксии. Изменения морфофункциональных свойств моноцитов и образуемых ими и активированными тромбоцитами агрегатов могут являться факторами, приводящими к различным осложнениям беременности. Однако роль тромбоцитарно-моноцитарных комплексов (ТМК) в патогенезе привычного невынашивания беременности практически не изучена. Целью настоящего исследования было определение количественных изменений в содержании и фенотипических характеристиках ТМК периферической крови при привычном невынашивании беременности, а также оценка влияния тромбоцитов на экспрессию поверхностных белков-моноцитов при физиологическом и патологическом развитии беременности. Исследуемые группы составили женщины с диагнозом «привычный выкидыш», имеющие беременность 6-12 недель, и женщины с неосложненной беременностью (7-12 недель). В общей популяции и субпопуляциях моноцитов периферической крови пациенток методами проточной цитофлуориметрии определяли содержание ТМК и уровни экспрессии поверхностных антигенов: CD62P, CD11b, CD86, CD162, HLA-DR, TREM-1. Установлено, что при привычном невынашивании уровень ТМК повышен (26,5%) в сравнении с беременностью, протекающей без осложнений (15,3%), и это повышение происходит с участием всех трех субпопуляций моноцитов: классических, промежуточных и неклассических. На уровне общей популяции моноцитов в ТМК отмечалось снижение экспрессии HLA-DR и повышение уровня экспрессии CD11b, тогда как экспрессия CD62P, CD162, CD86 и TREM-1 существенно не изменялась. Субпопуляции моноцитов вносили различный вклад в изменение уровней экспрессии активационных маркеров моноцитов, связанное с привычным невынашиванием, и эти изменения не всегда проявлялись на уровне всей популяции моноцитов. Сравнение ТМК и свободных моноцитов показало, что изменения поверхностного фенотипа моноцитов в составе ТМК обусловлены как влиянием тромбоцитов, так и другими факторами. При привычном невынашивании наблюдалось индуцированное тромбоцитами усиление адгезионных свойств моноцитов, что проявлялось в повышении уровня экспрессии CD11b. В то же время снижение уровня экспрессии HLA-DR в моноцитах не было вызвано взаимодействием с тромбоцитами. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о том, что привычное невынашивание беременности сопровождается повышением содержания ТМК в периферической крови и изменениями антигенного фенотипа моноцитов в составе ТМК, демонстрируют иммуномодуляторное влияние тромбоцитов, а также дают обоснования значимости определения паттернов экспрессии поверхностных антигенных маркеров ТМК в диагностических и терапевтических целях.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a significant clinical problem that affects 1-5% of population. Moreover, the cause of RPL remains unknown in more than half of cases. Possible reasons include imbalanced maternal hemostasis, thrombosis of uteroplacental vessels, decreased placental perfusion and hypoxia. Changes in morphofunctional features of monocytes and platelet-monocyte aggregates may be the factors causing pregnancy complications. However, role of platelet-monocyte complexes (PMC) in pathogenesis of RPL is unknown. The purpose of our study was to determine quantitative changes in contents and antigenic phenotype of PMCs in peripheral blood of the patients with RPL, and to assess the effect of platelets on the expression of monocyte surface proteins in normal and pathological pregnancy. The study groups consisted of 6 to12-week pregnant women diagnosed with RPL and females with uncomplicated pregnancy (7-12 weeks). PMC content and expression of CD62P, CD11b, CD86, CD162, HLA-DR, TREM-1 were determined in total cell population and subpopulations of peripheral blood monocytes using cytofluorimetry technique. It was found that PMC level was increased in patients with RPL (26.5%) compared to uncomplicated pregnancy (15.3%) with all monocyte subpopulations contributing to this increase. Decrease in HLA-DR expression and increase in CD11b expression was observed in total PMCs, while expression of CD62P, CD162, CD86 and TREM-1 did not change significantly. Monocyte subpopulations were differently involved into the RPLassociated expression of activation markers, while the changes detected in distinct subpopulations were not always evident in total monocyte populations in recurrent pregnancy loss. A comparison of PMC and free monocytes demonstrated that changes in surface phenotype of monocytes were caused by platelets and other exogenous factors. In patients with RPL, we observed platelet-induced increase in adhesive properties of monocytes which manifested as increased CD11b expression. In contrast, decrease in monocyte HLA-DR levels was not caused by platelets. The results obtained suggest that RPL is accompanied by increased level of peripheral blood PMC and changes in antigenic profile of platelet-associated and free monocytes, thus demonstrating the immunomodulatory effect of platelets, and also confirming the importance of determining expression patterns of surface antigenic markers of PMC for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>беременность</kwd><kwd>привычное невынашивание беременности</kwd><kwd>тромбоциты</kwd><kwd>моноциты</kwd><kwd>тромбоцитарномоноцитарные комплексы</kwd><kwd>антигенный фенотип</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pregnancy</kwd><kwd>recurrent pregnancy loss</kwd><kwd>platelets</kwd><kwd>monocytes</kwd><kwd>platelet-monocyte complexes</kwd><kwd>antigenic phenotype</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alecsandru D., Klimczak A.M., Garcia Velasco J.A., Pirtea P., Franasiak J.M. 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