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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-EOT-2961</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-2961</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SHORT COMMUNICATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние полиморфизма генов DEFB1-20G&gt;A и DEFB1-52G&gt;A на уровень дефензина бета 1 (DEFB1) у пациентов призывного возраста с внебольничными пневмониями</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effects of the DEFB1-20G&gt;A and DEFB1-52G&gt;A gene polymorphism on the level of beta 1 defensin (DEFB1) in young adults with community-acquired pneumonias</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6923-5962</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Загалаев</surname><given-names>Б. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zagalaev</surname><given-names>B. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Загалаев Б.Т. – аспирант кафедры детских инфекций</p><p>г. Чита, Забайкальский край</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zagalaev B.T., Postgraduate Student, Department of Pediatric Infections</p><p>Chita, Transbaikal region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zagalaev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2109-4643</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мироманова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Miromanova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мироманова Н.А. – д.м.н., доцент, заведующая кафедрой детских инфекций</p><p>г. Чита, Забайкальский край</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Miromanova N.A., PhD, MD (Medicine), Associate Professor, Head, Department of Pediatric Infections</p><p>Chita, Transbaikal region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">detinf-chita@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1432-1844</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мироманов</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Miromanov</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мироманов Александр Михайлович - д.м.н., профессор, заведующийкафедрой травматологии и ортопедии</p><p>672000, Забайкальский край, г. Чита, ул. Горького, 39а</p><p>Тел.: 8 (924) 386-18-16</p><p>Факс: 8 (3022) 32-30-58</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander M. Miromanov, PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Head, Department of Traumatology and Orthopedy</p><p>39a Gorky St Chita, Transbaikal region 672000</p><p>Phone: +7 (924) 386-18-16</p><p>Fax: +7 (3022) 32-30-58</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">miromanov_a@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Читинская государственная медицинская академия» Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Chita State Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>207</fpage><lpage>214</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Загалаев Б.Т., Мироманова Н.А., Мироманов А.М., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Загалаев Б.Т., Мироманова Н.А., Мироманов А.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zagalaev B.T., Miromanova N.A., Miromanov A.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2961">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2961</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования – установить влияние полиморфизма гена DEFB1-20G&gt;A и гена DEFB1-52G&gt;A на экспрессию DEFВ1 у пациентов призывного возраста с развитием внебольничных пневмоний. Проведено обследование 160 неродственных пациентов призывного возраста (18-20 лет) европеоидной расы. Первая группа (n = 80) – пациенты с COVID-19-инфекцией, осложненной нетяжелой пневмонией (n = 40) и тяжелой пневмонией (n = 40). Вторая группа – клинического сравнения (n = 80) – пациенты с острой респираторной инфекцией (ОРИ) негриппозной этиологии, осложненной нетяжелой пневмонией (n = 40) и тяжелой пневмонией (n = 40). Контрольная группа – 86 практически здоровых мужчин аналогичного возраста. Критерии исключения: наличие родственных связей; пациенты с острой и/или хронической сопутствующей патологией. Методы исследования: клинические; лабораторные (иммунологический – определение DEFВ1 с помощью набора реактивов ELISA Cloud-Clone Corp. (США); генетический (полиморфизм гена DEFB1-20G&gt;A, гена DEFB1- 52G&gt;A) – в работе использовались стандартные наборы праймеров НПФ «Литех»-«SNP» (Москва); инструментальные (компьютерная томография). Исследования осуществляли при поступлении в стационар. Статистическая обработка результатов исследования проводилась с помощью пакета программ IBM SPSS Statistics Version 25.0 (IBM, США). Установлено преобладание -20А- аллелей и генотипов -20А/А и -52А/А генов DEFB1 у пациентов с развитием тяжелой пневмонии на фоне COVID19-инфекции. Отмечено увеличение содержания DEFB1 в группе с COVID-19-инфекцией в 1,1 раза по сопоставлению с группой ОРИ и в 1,5 раза – с группой контроля. Изменение уровня DEFВ1 в зависимости от тяжести течения внебольничной пневмонии также характеризуется его повышением в 1,7 раза в группе с тяжелым течением на фоне COVID-19-инфекции и в 1,2 раза у больных с ОРИ. Концентрация DEFB1 значимо повышается при носительстве генотипа -20А/А и генотипа -52А/А гена DEFВ1. У пациентов призывного возраста с внебольничными пневмониями регистрируется повышение концентрации DEFВ1 с наибольшими значениями в группе с тяжелыми пневмониями при COVID-19. Носительство генотипа -20А/А и генотипа -52А/А гена DEFВ1 способствует увеличению содержания DEFВ1. Наличие -20А- аллелей и генотипов -20А/А и -52А/А генов DEFB1 ассоциировано с тяжелым течением внебольничных пневмоний у пациентов призывного возраста на фоне COVID-19-инфекции.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of DEFB1-20G&gt;A and the DEFB1- 52G&gt;A gene polymorphisms on the expression of DEFB1 in military-age patients with a history of communityacquired pneumonia. A survey of 160 unrelated patients of military age (18-20 years), Caucasian origin was carried out. The first group (n = 80) included the patients with COVID-19 infection complicated by mild pneumonia (n = 40) and severe pneumonia (n = 40). The second group was taken for clinical comparison (n = 80) included the patients with acute respiratory infection (ARI) of non-influenza etiology, complicated by mild pneumonia (n = 40) and severe pneumonia (n = 40). The control group consisted of 86 practically healthy men of the same age. Exclusion criteria were as follows: presence of family relations; patients with acute and/or chronic concomitant pathology. Research methods included clinical laboratory techniques (immunological testing of DEFB1 using a set of ELISA reagents Cloud-Clone Corp. (USA); genetic (polymorphism of the DEFB1-20G&gt;A gene, DEFB1-52G&gt;A gene) with standard primer sets of Litech-SNP (Russia); instrumental examination (computed tomography). The studies were carried out upon admission to the hospital. Statistical evaluation was carried out using the IBM SPSS Statistics Version 25.0 software package (IBM, USA). Predominance of -20A- alleles and genotypes was established -20A/A and -52A/A of the DEFB1 gene variants in the patients with development of severe pneumonia associated with COVID-19 infection. There was an increase in the DEFB1 content in the group with COVID-19 infection by 1.1 times compared with the ARI group, and a 1.5-fold increase against the control group. The changed levels of DEFВ1 associated with severity of community-acquired pneumonia were also characterized by its 1.7-fold increase in the group with a severe clinical course in presence of COVID-19 infection, and by 1.2 times in patients with ARI. The DEFB1 concentration increases significantly in the carriers of DEFB1 -20A/A and -52A/A genotypes. In patients of military age with community-acquired pneumonia, an increased concentration of DEFВ1 is registered, with highest values observed in the group with severe pneumonia due to COVID-19. Carriage of -20A/A and -52A/A genotypes of DEFB1 gene is associated with increased contents of DEFB1. Presence of -20A alleles, -20A/A, and -52A/A genotypes of the DEFB1 genes is associated with severe community-acquired pneumonia associated with COVID-19 infection in patients of military age.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>внебольничные пневмонии</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>призывной возраст</kwd><kwd>полиморфизм</kwd><kwd>гены</kwd><kwd>дефензины</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>community-acquired pneumonia</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>conscription age</kwd><kwd>polymorphism</kwd><kwd>genes</kwd><kwd>defensins</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Внебольничная пневмония у взрослых: клинические рекомендации. М., 2021. 117 с. Режим доступа: cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/recomend/654_1. 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