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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-DOH-2919</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-2919</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Динамика гуморального иммунитета при естественном инфицировании SARS-CoV-2 и/или после вакцинации вакциной “Спутник V”</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dynamics of humoral immunity during natural SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or after vaccination with the ‘Sputnik V’ vaccine</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1676-7754</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иванов А.В. – к.б.н., руководитель лаборатории трансляционной биомедицины; биолог; доцент кафедры медицинской биологии </p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivanov A.V., PhD (Biology), Head, Translation Biomedicine Laboratory; Biologist; Associate Professor, Medical Biology Department </p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gostyatin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уварова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Uvarova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Уварова М.А. – биолог </p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Uvarova M.A., Biologist </p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фролов</surname><given-names>К. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Frolov</surname><given-names>K. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фролов К.Б. – к.б.н., доцент кафедры медицинской биологии </p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Frolov K.B., PhD (Biology), Associate Professor, Medical Biology Department </p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Семенова Е.В. – к.б.н., научный сотрудник отдела молекулярной и радиационной биологии </p><p>г. Гатчина, Ленинградская обл.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Semenova E.V., PhD (Biology), Research Asssociate, Department of Molecular and Radiation Biology </p><p>Gatchina, Leningrad Region</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Западный центр доказательной медицины;&#13;
Клиника высоких медицинских технологий имени Н.И. Пирогова ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет»;&#13;
ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North-West Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine;&#13;
N. Pirogov Clinic of Advanced Medical Technologies, St. Petersburg State University;&#13;
St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Западный центр доказательной медицины</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North-West Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Петербургский институт ядерной физики имени Б.П. Константинова» НИЦ «Курчатовский институт»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>B. Konstantinov Institute of Nuclear Physics, NRC Kurchatov Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>1291</fpage><lpage>1300</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Иванов А.В., Уварова М.А., Фролов К.Б., Семенова Е.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Иванов А.В., Уварова М.А., Фролов К.Б., Семенова Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ivanov A.V., Uvarova M.A., Frolov K.B., Semenova E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2919">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2919</self-uri><abstract><p>Всесторонний анализ адаптивного иммунного ответа на SARS-CoV-2 имеет решающее значение для эпидемиологического мониторинга, отслеживания этапов формирования популяционного иммунитета и стратегий вакцинации. Понимание различий между иммунитетом, индуцированным конкретной вакциной, и иммунитетом, сформировавшимся в результате перенесенного COVID-19, – более частная задача в рамках этой проблемы. Кроме того, несомненный интерес представляет оценка влияния повторяющейся антигенной стимуляции на иммунологическую защиту от SARS-CoV-2.Целью данной работы является сравнительный анализ развития гуморального иммунитета (анти-SARS-CoV-2 иммуноглобулины А и G) после естественной инфекции SARS-CoV-2 и/или после вакцинации антиковидной отечественной вакциной «Спутник V». В исследовании приняли участие 36 добровольцев, из которых 21 человек перенес COVID-19, а затем, спустя ~8-10 месяцев, был вакцинирован (группа 1). У 15 первично вакцинированных человек предшествующее инфицирование SARS-CoV-2 было исключено с помощью периодически проводимых ПЦР- и серологических тестов (группа 2). Интенсивность гуморального иммунного ответа при первичном естественном заражении коронавирусной инфекцией и в результате индукции адаптивного иммунитета против SARS-CoV-2 посредством вакцинации вакциной «Спутник V» совпадает в обеих группах. Однако усредненные максимальные значения анти-SARS-CoV-2 IgA и IgG и скорость развития гуморального иммунного ответа после вакцинации значительно отличаются у ранее болевших COVID-19 и ранее не инфицированных SARS-CoV-2 людей. Мы получили статистически значимые различия между двумя группами участников по t-критерию Стьюдента при сравнении усредненных максимальных уровней IgА после вакцинации (p &lt; 0,05). Для IgG эти различия несколько меньше. В первой группе усредненные максимальные значения уровней специфических IgА и IgG после естественного инфицирования SARS-CoV-2 и после последующей вакцинации различаются более чем в 2 раза. Временной интервал, за который уровень антител в крови достигал максимальных значений после вакцинации у ранее перенесших COVID-19 людей, оказался существенно меньшим, чем у ранее не сталкивавшихся с инфекцией SARS-CoV-2 людей. А по времени развития антительного ответа IgG после вакцинации и в случае диагностированного COVID-19 в первой группе мы получили статистически значимое различие по t-критерию Стьюдента (p &lt; 0,05). Таким образом, у людей с предшествующей естественной инфекцией развивается более быстрый, сильный и устойчивый ответ на вакцину «Спутник V», чем у не инфицированных ранее лиц.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Comprehensive analysis of adaptive immune response to SARS-CoV-2 is critical for epidemiological monitoring, as well as for tracking immune response stages and vaccination strategies. Understanding the differences between immunity formed after COVID-19 infection and vaccine-induced immunity is a specific task within this problem. Moreover, the obvious task is to assess the effect of repeated antigenic stimulation on immunological defense against SARS-CoV-2. The aim of present study was a comparative analysis of humoral immunity (anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgA and IgG) developing after natural infection with SARS-CoV-2 and/or after vaccination with anti-COVID vaccine “Sputnik V”. The study involved 36 volunteers. 21 of them had COVID-19 and were vaccinated 8-10 months later (group 1). In 15 primarily vaccinated persons, previous SARS-CoV-2 infection was excluded by means of regular PCR screening and serological testing (group 2). Results: Intensity of humoral immune response to the primary natural SARS-CoV-2 infection and similar indexes of antiviral adaptive immunity after vaccination with “Sputnik V” vaccine were similar in both groups. However, both maximal values of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgA and IgG and the rates of post-vaccination humoral immune response differed significantly between the persons who have previously had COVID-19 and those who have not previously been infected with SARS-CoV-2. We’ve got statistically significant differences between two groups of participants using Student’s t test comparing the average maximum IgA levels after vaccination (p &lt; 0.05). For IgG levels, these differences are less pronounced. In the first group, the average maximal values of specific IgA and IgG levels after natural infection with SARS-CoV-2 and after subsequent vaccination differed by more than 2 times. The time intervals for reaching maximal antibody levels after vaccination proved to be significantly shorter in the subjects who had a story of COVID-19, than in persons who did not report a clinical COVID-19 infection. Concerning the terms of arising IgG antibody response after vaccination versus cases of COVID-19 in the first group, we obtained a statistically significant difference by the Student’s t-test (p &lt; 0.05). Hence, the persons with a previous natural COVID-19 infection develop a faster, stronger and more durable response to the “Sputnik V” vaccine than the subjects who had no such infection in their history</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>анти-SARS-CoV-2 антитела</kwd><kwd>вакцинация</kwd><kwd>вакцина «Спутник V»</kwd><kwd>гуморальный иммунитет</kwd><kwd>коронавирус SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>infection</kwd><kwd>vaccine</kwd><kwd>Sputnik V</kwd><kwd>humoral immunity</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Семенова Е.В., Павлюк В.В., Уварова М.А., Иванов А.В. 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