mimmunМедицинская иммунологияMedical Immunology (Russia)1563-06252313-741XSPb RAACI10.15789/1563-0625-IAN-2892mimmun-2892Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSИнтерлейкин 40 – новый цитокинInterleukin 40, a novel cytokineАскарзадеМонирехAskarzadehMonireh

Монирех Аскарзаде – аспирант, отдел иммунологии 

г. Сари

Monireh Askarzadeh, Immunology PHD, Student, Department of Immunology 

Sari

АтаоллахиМохаммад РезаAtaollahiMohammad Reza

Мохаммад Реза Атаоллахи – доцент, отдел иммунологии 

г. Фаса

Mohammad Reza Ataollahi, Immunology PHD, Associate Professor, Department of Immunology 

Fasa

ШокролахиЗакраShokrolahiZahra

Закра Шокролахи – доктор медицины, отдел иммунологии 

г. Фаса

Zahra Shokrolahi, MD, GP, Department of Immunology 

Fasa

АташхарМохаммад РезаAtashzarMohammad Reza

Мохаммад Реза Аташхар – доцент, отдел иммунологии 

г. Фаса

Mohammad Reza Atashzar, Immunology PHD, Associate Professor, Department of Immunology 

Fasa

mr.atashzar@yahoo.comШкола медицины, Медицинский университет МазандаранИранSchool of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical SciencesIslamic Republic of IranШкола медицины, Медицинский университет ФасаИранSchool of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical SciencesIslamic Republic of Iran20242111202326611771182Copyright © Аскарзаде М., Атаоллахи М.Р., Шокролахи З., Аташхар М.Р., 20242024Аскарзаде М., Атаоллахи М.Р., Шокролахи З., Аташхар М.Р.Askarzadeh M., Ataollahi M.R., Shokrolahi Z., Atashzar M.R.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2892

IL-40, известный также как C17orf99, является интересным недавно открытым цитокином – новым белком, секретируемым В-клетками. Он экспрессируется у некоторых млекопитающих и продуцируется в костном мозге и фетальной печени. Помимо первичной роли поддержания гомеостаза, созревания и развития В-клеток, IL-40 играет также важную роль в гуморальном иммунном ответе, в частности в продукции антител, особенно класса IgA. Имеется также взаимосвязь между IL-40 и экспрессией маркеров внеклеточных нейтрофильных ловушек (NETosis). Кроме участия в нормальном функционировании В-клеток, IL-40 вовлечен в патогенез ряда заболеваний. Исследования предполагают связь между IL-40 и ревматоидным артритом, гепатоцеллюлярной карциномой, неходжкинскими лимфомами, синдромом Шегрена, pSS-ассоциированными лимфомами, аутоиммунной патологией щитовидной железы, сахарным диабетом 2-го типа, анкилозирующим спондилитом, хронической обструктивной болезнью легких и системной красной волчанкой. Это предполагает возможность применения IL-40 в качестве биомаркера в диагностике и лечении этих заболеваний. Однако, несмотря на эти важные результаты, следует еще многое понять относительно цитокина IL-40. Необходимы дальнейшие исследования для выяснения других свойств и функций этого цитокина. Дальнейшие работы направлены на уточнение механизмов, по которым IL-40 влияет на биологию В-клеток и гуморальный иммунитет, а также его роли в патогенезе заболеваний. Эти исследования помогут определить потенциальные области его терапевтического применения и использования в качестве диагностического маркера. Цель данного мини-обзора – обсуждение современных результатов, касающихся IL-40. 

IL-40, also known as C17orf99, is an intriguing cytokine that has recently been discovered as a novel protein secreted by B cells. It is expressed in specific mammals and is derived from the bone marrow and fetal liver. While its primary role is in maintaining B cell homeostasis and promoting B cell maturation and development, IL-40 also plays a crucial role in humoral immunity, particularly in the production of antibodies, with a specific emphasis on IgA production. As well as there are relationship between IL-40 and neutrophil extracellular traps externalization (NETosis) markers. In addition to its involvement in normal B cell functions, IL-40 has been found to have significant implications in the pathogenesis of several diseases. Research has linked IL-40 to rheumatoid arthritis, hepatocellular carcinoma, non-Hodgkin B cell lymphoma, Sjogren’s syndrome, pSS-associated NHL, autoimmune thyroid disease, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, ankylosing spondylitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and systemic lupus erythematosus. This suggests that IL-40 could potentially serve as a diagnostic or treatment biomarker for these conditions. However, despite these exciting findings, there is still much to be learned about IL-40. Further research is necessary to uncover additional properties and functions of this cytokine. Ongoing studies aim to elucidate the mechanisms by which IL-40 contributes to B cell biology and humoral immunity, as well as its role in disease pathogenesis. These investigations will help determine the potential therapeutic applications of IL-40 and its utility as a diagnostic marker. In this minireview, we aim to discuss the recent findings surrounding IL-40. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.