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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-POP-2878</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-2878</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Полиморфизм генов провоспалительных инерлейкинов при первичной открытоугольной глаукоме</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Polymorphism of proinflammatory inerleukin genes in primary open-angle glaucoma</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4069-0566</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барычева</surname><given-names>Л. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Barycheva</surname><given-names>L. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Барычева Людмила Юрьевна – д.м.н., профессор, заведующая кафедрой иммунологии с курсом дополнительного профессионального образования.</p><p>355017, Ставрополь, ул. Мира, 310</p><p>Тел.: 8 (918) 740-54-84</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Liudmila Yu. Barycheva - PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Head, Department of Immunology with a Course of Continuing Professional Education, Stavropol State Medical University.</p><p>310 Mira St Stavropol 355017</p><p>Phone: +7 (918) 740-54-84</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">for_ludmila@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2520-7356</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Какулия</surname><given-names>Д. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kakulia</surname><given-names>D. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Какулия Дарья Михайловна – аспирант кафедры иммунологии с курсом дополнительного профессионального образования.</p><p>Ставрополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daria M. Kakulia - Postgraduate Student, Department of Immunology with a Course of Continuing Professional Education, Stavropol State Medical University,</p><p>Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dariko-daria@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5823-7479</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Минасян</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Minasyan</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минасян Милана Михайловна – к.м.н., доцент кафедры иммунологии с курсом дополнительного профессионального образования.</p><p>Ставрополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Milana M. Minasyan - PhD (Medicine), Associate Professor, Department of Immunology with a Course of Continuing Professional Education, Stavropol State Medical University.</p><p>Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m.milana84@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5246-0527</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznecova</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузнецова Вера Валентиновна – ассистент кафедры иммунологии с курсом дополнительного профессионального образования.</p><p>Ставрополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vera V. Kuznetsova - Assistant Professor, Department of Immunology with a Course of Continuing Professional Education, Stavropol State Medical University.</p><p>Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kuznetsovavera96@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0971-5347</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козьмова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozmova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Козьмова Наталья Александровна – аспирант кафедры иммунологии с курсом дополнительного профессионального образования.</p><p>Ставрополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natal'ja A. Kozmova - Postgraduate Student, Department of Immunology with a Course of Continuing Professional Education, Stavropol State Medical University,</p><p>Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">n-kozmova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Ставропольский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Stavropol State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>303</fpage><lpage>312</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Барычева Л.Ю., Какулия Д.М., Минасян М.М., Кузнецова В.В., Козьмова Н.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Барычева Л.Ю., Какулия Д.М., Минасян М.М., Кузнецова В.В., Козьмова Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Barycheva L.Y., Kakulia D.M., Minasyan M.M., Kuznecova V.V., Kozmova N.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2878">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2878</self-uri><abstract><p>Глаукома – дегенеративное заболевание зрительного нерва, сопровождающееся гибелью ганглиозных клеток сетчатки (ГКС) и потерей зрения. Важную роль в патогенезе глаукомы играет активированная микроглия, продуцирующая провоспалительные интерлейкины и инициирующая апоптоз ГКС. Установлено, что однонуклеотидные полиморфизмы генов интерлейкинов модифицируют развитие нейровоспаления, однако их влияние на риск развития глаукомы до конца не установлено.</p><p>Цель – определить патогенетическую роль полиморфизмов генов TNFα и IL1β в развитии первичной открытоугольной глаукомы.</p><p>Обследованы 56 пациентов русской национальности Юга России с первичной открытоугольной глаукомой (ПОУГ), 28 пациентов с I стадией, 16 – со II стадией, 12 – с III стадией ПОУГ. Исследовали однонуклеотидные полиморфизмы TNFα 308G&gt;A (rs1800629) и IL1β -31 Т&gt;С (rs1143627) методом рестрикции продуктов амплификации. Уровень провоспалительных цитокинов в слезной жидкости TNFα и IL1β у пациентов с ПОУГ исследовали посредством твердофазного иммуноферментного анализа (тест-системы АО «Вектор-Бест»). Оптическая когерентная томография выполнялась на аппарате "Торсоn" 3D ОСТ 1000 c определением толщины слоя нервных волокон сетчатки (СНВС), объема и площади нейроретинального пояска.</p><p>У пациентов с ПОУГ чаще встречались аллели TNFα 308А (OR = 5,21, p = 0,001) и IL1β -31Т (OR = 1,99, p = 0,04). Увеличение риска развития ПОУГ установлено у носителей генотипов 308А/А (OR = 6,30, p = 0,049), 308G/А (OR = 3,60, p = 0,049) и -31T/T (OR = 2,67, p = 0,04). Наиболее высокие показатели TNFα определялись в группе 308А/А (190 (153,0-220,0) пкг/мл), IL1β – в группе (-31) Т/Т – 6,50 (4,10-7,00) пкг/мл. Уменьшение толщины нервных волокон сетчатки установлено у обладателей генотипов TNFα G308A – 59,5 (40,0-78,0), p = 0,03 и TNFα А308A – 79,0 (65,0-80,0) мкм, p = 0,001.</p><p>Полиморфизмы генов цитокинов TNFα 308 G/A (rs1800629), IL1β -31Т/C (rs1143627); IL-10 512С/A (rs1800872) взаимосвязаны с развитием первичной открытоугольной глаукомы. Факторами риска ПОУГ России являются аллели TNFα 308A, IL1β -31Т, а также генотипы 308G/A, 308A/A и -31Т/Т. Высокое содержание TNFα в слезной жидкости выявлено у резидентов генотипа 308А/А, IL1β – генотипа -31Т/Т. Наименьшая толщина слоя нервных волокон сетчатки определялась у обладателей генотипов TNFα А308А и TNFα G308A.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Glaucoma is a degenerative disease of the optic nerve, accompanied by the death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and loss of vision. An important role in the pathogenesis of glaucoma is ascribed to activated microglia, which produce pro-inflammatory interleukins and initiate GCS apoptosis. It has been established that single nucleotide polymorphisms of interleukin genes modify the development of neuroinflammation, but their effect on the risk of developing glaucoma is not yet fully established. Our aim was to determine the pathogenetic role of gene polymorphisms in TNFα and IL1β in the development of primary open-angle glaucoma.</p><p>We have observed 56 patients of Russian nationality from the South of Russia with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), 28 patients with stage I, 16 with stage II, 12 with stage III POAG. The single nucleotide polymorphisms TNFα 308G&gt;A (rs1800629) and IL1β -31 Т&gt;С (rs1143627) were studied by restriction fragment analysis of PCR products. The level of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα and IL1β) in the lacrimal fluid of patients with POAG was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Vector-Best test system). To perform optical coherence tomography by analysing the thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) with volume and area of the neuroretinal rim using Torson 3D OST 1000 apparatus.</p><p>Results: in patients with POAG, we have found more common incidence of TNFα 308A (OR = 5.21, p = 0.001), and IL1β-31 T alleles (OR = 1.99, p = 0.04). An increased risk of developing POAG was found in carriers of genotypes 308A/A (OR = 6.30, p = 0.049), 308G/A (OR = 3.60, p = 0.049) and -31T/T (OR = 2.67, p = 0.04). The highest levels of TNFα were determined in the 308A/A group (190 (153.0-220.0) pg/mL), IL1β were in the group (-31) T/T – 6.50 (4.10-7.00) pg/mL. A decreased thickness of the retinal nerve fibers was observed in the patients with TNFα G308A genotype (59.5; 40.0 to 78.0 µm, p = 0.03), and in TNFα A308A carriers (79.0; 65.0 to 80.0 µm, p = 0.001).</p><p>The TNFα 308 G/A (rs1800629), along with IL1β, -31Т/C (rs1143627) cytokine gene polymorphisms are associated with development of primary open-angle glaucoma. TNFα 308A, IL1β -31T alleles, as well as the 308G/A, 308A/A and -31T/T genotypes seem to be the risk factors for POAG in Russian population. High content of TNFα in the lacrimal fluid was found in the carriers of 308A/A genotype and -31T/T IL1β genotype. The lowest thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer was observed in the carriers of tTNFα A308A and TNFα G308A genotypes.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>первичная открытоугольная глаукома</kwd><kwd>генный полиморфизм</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>primary open-angle glaucoma</kwd><kwd>TNFα</kwd><kwd>IL1β</kwd><kwd>gene polymorphism</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы выражают благодарность директору ФКУЗ «Ставропольский научно-исследовательский противочумный институт» Роспотребнадзора, академику РАН, доктору медицинских наук, профессору Куличенко А.Н. за помощь в организации исследования.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Агарков Н.М., Чухраёв А.М., Яблокова Н.В. 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