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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-POP-2826</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-2826</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SHORT COMMUNICATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности поствирусного синдрома хронической усталости, ассоциированного с мягким когнитивным снижением, у пациентов с атипичными хроническими активными герпесвирусными инфекциями</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Peculiarities of post-viral chronic fatigue syndrome associated with mild cognitive decline in patients with atypical chronic active herpesvirus infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8948-8983</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Халтурина</surname><given-names>Е. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khalturina</surname><given-names>E. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Халтурина Евгения Олеговна — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, доцент кафедры микробиологии, вирусологии и иммунологии имени академика А.А. Воробьева.</p><p>125009, Москва, ул. Моховая, 11, стр. 10</p><p>Тел.: 8 (916) 650-15-14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniya O. Khalturina - PhD (Medicine), Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology, I. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University).</p><p>11 Mokhovaya St, Bldg 10 Moscow 125009</p><p>Phone: +7 (916) 650-15-14</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jane_k@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5339-4504</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нестерова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nesterova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нестерова Ирина Вадимовна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, профессор кафедры аллергологии и иммунологии ФГАОУ ВО «РУДН»; профессор ФГБОУ ВО «КубГМУ» МЗ РФ.</p><p>Краснодар</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Department of Allergology and Immunology, Faculty of Continuing Medical Education, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia; Professor, Kuban State Medical University.</p><p>Krasnodar</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">inesterova1@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова» Министерства здравоохранения РФ (Сеченовский университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов»; ФГБОУ ВО «Кубанский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peoples' Friendship University of Russia; Kuban State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>1241</fpage><lpage>1246</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Халтурина Е.О., Нестерова И.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Халтурина Е.О., Нестерова И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khalturina E.O., Nesterova I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2826">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2826</self-uri><abstract><p>Согласно современным представлениям, дисфункциональные изменения в работе иммунной системы оказывают влияние на иммунные процессы в ЦНС, способствуя развитию нейроиммуновоспаления, и тем самым опосредованно влияют на скорость прогрессирования нейродегенеративных процессов. Целью нашего исследования явилось изучение распространенности поствирусного синдрома хронической усталости и когнитивных нарушений (aMCI) среди пациентов, страдающих атипичной, хронической активной герпесвирусной инфекцией (АХА-ГВИ).</p><p>Под нашим наблюдением находились 126 пациентов обоих полов в возрасте от 18 до 60 лет, страдающих АХА-ГВИ.</p><p>Установлено, что моно-ВЭБ инфекцией страдают 27,7%, микст-ВЭБ инфекция наблюдается у 72,3% пациентов. При оценке когнитивного функционирования с использованием шкал CGI, MMSE выявлена частота встречаемости aMCI — 68,3%: при микст-ГВИ она составила — 87,4%, при моно ГВИ — 38,8%. В процессе исследования были выявлены существенные ограничения в применении использованных стандартных шкал в связи с невозможностью проведения комплексной оценки параметров клинического статуса и когнитивных дисфункций, а также корреляции этих параметров и оценки динамики на фоне проводимой иммунотерапии. Для реализации этой цели на дальнейших этапах исследования была использована разработанная нами Шкала оценки критериальных клинических признаков/симптомов пациентов, страдающих АХА-ГВИ с СХУ. Показано, что при микст-ГВИ выраженность симптомов достоверно превышала выраженность симптомов пациентов с моно-ГВИ и составляла 52,7 (43,1-62,2) и 38,0 (31,9-42,8) баллов соответственно (р &gt; 0,05). Таким образом было установлено, что пациенты, страдающие микст-ГВИ, имеют более выраженные, тяжелые проявления СХУ и aMCI, которые в 1,5 раза превышают аналогичные проявления у пациентов с моно-ГВИ, снижая качество жизни этих пациентов, ухудшая их социальную адаптацию, создавая риск развития психогенной депрессии.</p><p>Длительная персистенция герпес-вирусов в организме иммуннокомпрометированных людей создает условия для постоянной антигенной стимуляции и иммунного дисбаланс с дебютом вторичного иммунодефицита или клинической манифестацией имеющихся первичных нарушений в иммунной системе, что создает предпосылки для развития нейроиммувопоспалительных изменений в ЦНС и ПНС с последующим формированием клинических проявлений миелоэнцефалита и синдрома хронической усталости с различными когнитивными нарушениями, которые могут быть классифицированы как мягкое когнитивное снижение.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>According to modern ideas, changes in the functioning of the immune system affect the immune processes in the nervous system, contributing to the development of neuro-immuno-inflammation and thereby indirectly affect the rate of progression of neurodegenerative processes. The aim of our study was to investigate the prevalence of post-viral chronic fatigue syndrome and cognitive impairment (aMCI) among patients with atypical, chronic active herpesvirus infections (ACA-HVI).</p><p>Under our supervision were 126 patients of both sexes aged 18 to 60 years with ACA-HVI.</p><p>It was established that mono-EBV infection affects 27.7%; mixed EBV infection is observed in 72.3% of patients. When assessing cognitive functioning using CGI, MMSE scales, the incidence of aMCI was found to be 68.3%: with mixed HVI — 87.4%, with mono HVI — 38.8%. During the study, significant limitations were identified in the use of standard scales due to the impossibility of conducting a comprehensive assessment of clinical status parameters and cognitive dysfunctions, as well as correlation of these parameters and assessment of dynamics of the immunocorrection. To achieve this goal the Scale of assessment of the criterion clinical symptoms of patients with ACA-HVI with CFS was used. It was shown that in mixed-HVI, the severity of symptoms exceeded the severity of symptoms of patients with mono-HVI and was 52.7 (43.1-62.2) and 38.0 (31.9-42.8) points, respectively (p &gt; 0.05). Thus, it was found that patients suffering from mixed HVI have more pronounced, severe manifestations of CFS and aMCI, which are 1.5 times higher than similar manifestations in patients with mono-HVI, significantly reducing the quality of life of these patients, worsening their social adaptation.</p><p>Prolonged persistence of herpes viruses in immune-compromised people creates conditions for constant antigenic stimulation and immune imbalance with the onset of secondary immunodeficiency or clinical manifestation of existing primary disorders in the immune system, which creates the prerequisites for the development of neuro-immuno-inflammatory changes in nervous system, followed by the formation of clinical manifestations of ME/CFS with different cognitive impairments that may be classified as aMCI.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>герпесвирусные инфекции</kwd><kwd>иммунная дисфункция</kwd><kwd>синдром хронической усталости</kwd><kwd>когнитивные расстройства</kwd><kwd>интерферонопатии</kwd><kwd>иммунотерапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>herpesvirus infections</kwd><kwd>immune dysfunction</kwd><kwd>chronic fatigue syndrome</kwd><kwd>cognitive disorders</kwd><kwd>interferonopathies</kwd><kwd>immunotherapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baskakova D.V., Haldin A.A., Birko N.I. 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