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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-DDO-2759</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-2759</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SHORT COMMUNICATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Дифференцированные нарушения иммунной системы при остром гематогенном и остром посттравматическом остеомиелитах у детей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Differentiated disorders of the immune system in acute hematogenic and acute posttraumatic osteomyelitis in children</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8005-9325</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чудилова</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chudilova</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чудилова Галина Анатольевна – д.б.н., доцент, заведующая отделом клинико-экспериментальной иммунологии и молекулярной биологии центральной научно-исследовательской лаборатории, профессор кафедры клинической иммунологии, аллергологии и лабораторной диагностики ФПК и ППС </p><p>350061, г. Краснодар, ул. Дмитрия Благоева, 14.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chudilova G.A., PhD, MD (Biology), Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Clinical and Experimental Immunology and Molecular Biology, Central Research Laboratory, Professor of the Department of Clinical Immunology, Allergology and Laboratory Diagnostics of FAT and PRS </p><p>14 Dmitry Blagoev St., Krasnodar, 350061 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chudilova2015@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8654-1454</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тараканов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarakanov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тараканов В.А. – д.м.н., профессор, профессор кафедры хирургических болезней детского возраста </p><p>350061, г. Краснодар, ул. Дмитрия Благоева, 14.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tarakanov V.A., PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Department of Surgical Diseases of Childhood </p><p>14 Dmitry Blagoev St., Krasnodar, 350061 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">inesterova1@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чичерев</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chicherev</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чичерев Е.А. – аспирант кафедры хирургических болезней детского возраста </p><p>350061, г. Краснодар, ул. Дмитрия Благоева, 14.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chicherev E.A., Postgraduate Student, Department of Surgical Diseases of Childhood </p><p>14 Dmitry Blagoev St., Krasnodar, 350061 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chicherev3@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3073-5070</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тетерин</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Teterin</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тетерин Ю.В. – аспирант кафедры клинической иммунологии, аллергологии и лабораторной диагностики ФПК и ППС </p><p>350061, г. Краснодар, ул. Дмитрия Благоева, 14.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Teterin Yu.V., Postgraduate Student, Department of Clinical Immunology, Allergology and Laboratory Diagnostics of FAT and PRS </p><p>14 Dmitry Blagoev St., Krasnodar, 350061 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhuk.zhukovitch@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5857-2296</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барова</surname><given-names>Н. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Barova</surname><given-names>N. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Барова Н.К. – к.м.н., доцент, заведующая кафедрой хирургических болезней детского возраста </p><p>350061, г. Краснодар, ул. Дмитрия Благоева, 14.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Barova N.K., PhD (Medicine), Associate Professor, Head, Department of Surgical Diseases of Childhood </p><p>14 Dmitry Blagoev St., Krasnodar, 350061 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nbarova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8222-7679</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Митропанова</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mitropanova</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Митропанова М.Н. – д.м.н., доцент, заведующая кафедрой детской стоматологии, ортодонтии и челюстно-лицевой хирургии </p><p>350061, г. Краснодар, ул. Дмитрия Благоева, 14.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mitropanova M.N., PhD, MD (Medicine), Associate Professor, Head, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Dentofacial Surgery </p><p>14 Dmitry Blagoev St., Krasnodar, 350061 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mmitropanova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Кубанский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kuban State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>891</fpage><lpage>898</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Чудилова Г.А., Тараканов В.А., Чичерев Е.А., Тетерин Ю.В., Барова Н.К., Митропанова М.Н., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чудилова Г.А., Тараканов В.А., Чичерев Е.А., Тетерин Ю.В., Барова Н.К., Митропанова М.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chudilova G.A., Tarakanov V.A., Chicherev E.A., Teterin Y.V., Barova N.K., Mitropanova M.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2759">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2759</self-uri><abstract><p>Остеомиелит – воспаление кости и костного мозга, вызванное распространением S. aureus из локального очага гематогенным путем или из открытого травматического перелома, которое трудно поддается лечению и остается серьезной проблемой. Условиями распространения инфекционного процесса в кости является влияние S. aureus, нарушение его элиминации из-за дисфункции иммунной системы (ИС). Разноречивые данные об иммунопатогенетических механизмах развития острого остеомиелита требуют изучения, позволяющего разработать обоснованную иммунотерапию. Цель исследования – уточнить варианты нарушений противобактериальной иммунной защиты у детей с острым гематогенным и острым посттравматическим остеомиелитами. Исследованы дети 8-15 лет (n = 22): группа исследования 1 (ГИ1) – 12 пациентов с острым гематогенным остеомиелитом (ОГО); группа исследования 2 (ГИ2) – 10 детей с острым посттравматическим остеомиелитом (ОПО). Группу сравнения (ГС) – 13 здоровых детей соответствующего возраста. Тестировали Т-лимфоциты (CD3+CD19- , CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+, CD3+CD4+/CD3+CD8+), В-лимфоциты (CD3- CD19+), NK (CD3- CD16+CD56+) и ТNK (CD3+CD16+CD56+) лимфоциты, CD16, CD32, CD64 рецепторы на нейтрофильных гранулоцитов (НГ) (FC-500 Веckman Coulter, США); уровень сывороточных IgA, IgM, IgG (ИФА). Оценивали фагоцитарную функцию НГ по отношению к S. aureus: количество активно фагоцитирующих НГ (%ФАН), процессы захвата (ФЧ, ФИ) и киллинговую активность (%П, ИП). В группах ОГО и ОПО выявлено снижение количества Т-лимфоцитов, Т-хелперов, ТCTL и NK (р1-4 &lt; 0,05). Также установлено, что при ОГО уровень IgA, IgМ, IgG не отличался от показателей ГС, тогда как при ОПО отмечалось повышение уровня IgA и IgG (р1, 2 &lt; 0,05). Показано, в группах c ОГО и ОПО отмечается разная плотность экспрессии рецепторов СD64, CD16, CD32 на НГ, предопределяющая несостоятельность фагоцитарной функции. Дефекты фагоцитоза, при ОГО в первую очередь, связанны с нарушениями захвата и киллинга, а при ОПО только с процессами переваривания бактериального антигена. Выявленные комбинированные дефекты функционирования ИС диктуют необходимость разработки новых подходов в лечении ОГО и ОПО у детей, патогенетически обосновывающих использование иммунотерапии в комплексном этиопатогенетическом лечении, что будет способствовать восстановлению противоинфекционного иммунитета, улучшению клинического течения заболеваний, а также препятствовать хронизации воспалительного процесса и усугублению дисфункции ИС.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Osteomyelitis is an inflammation of bone and bone marrow caused by the spread of S. aureus from a local focus by the hematogenous route or from an open traumatic fracture; it is difficult to treat and remains a serious problem. The condition for spreading of the infectious process into bone is the effect of S. aureus and its impaired elimination due to immune system (IS) dysfunction. Controversial information on the immunopathogenetic mechanisms of acute osteomyelitis needs study, which would allow the development of sound immunotherapy. Purpose of the study: to specify the variants of antibacterial immune protection disorders in children with acute hematogenous and acute posttraumatic osteomyelitis. Materials and methods. Children 8-15 years old (n = 22) were studied: Study Group 1 (SG1, n = 12) – with acute hematogenous osteomyelitis (AHO); Study Group 2 (SG2, n = 10) – with acute post-traumatic osteomyelitis (APTO). The comparison group (CG) – 13 healthy children. Tested: Tlymphocytes (CD3+CD19- , CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+), B lymphocytes (CD3- CD19+), NK (CD3- CD16+CD56+) and TNK (CD3+CD16+CD56+) lymphocytes, neutrophil granulocytes (NG, CD16, CD32, CD64) (FC-500 Beckman Coulter, USA); the level of serum IgA, IgM, IgG (ELISA). Phagocytic function of NGs in relation to S. aureus was assessed: the number of actively phagocytizing NGs (%PhAN), capture processes (PhN, PhI) and killing activity (%D, DI). Results. In both groups was revealed a decrease of T lymphocytes, T helpers, TCTL and NK quantity (p1-4 &lt; 0.05). In AHO, the levels of IgA, IgM, IgG did not differ from that in GS, while in APTO the levels of IgA and IgG increased (p1, 2 &lt; 0.05). The density of CD64, CD16, CD32 receptor expression on NG in the studied groups has been a different equipping, predetermining an incompetence of the phagocytic function: in AHO associated with abnormalities in the function capture and killing, in APTO only with the S. aureus digestion. Conclusion. The revealed combined defects of IS functioning necessitate the development of new approaches in the treatment of AHO and APTO in children, pathogenetically substantiating the use of immunotherapy in the complex etiopathogenetic treatment. This approach will contribute to the restoration of mechanisms of anti-infective immunity, timely elimination of pathogens, improve the clinical course of the diseases, prevent the chronic inflammatory process.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>острый гематогенный остеомиелит</kwd><kwd>острый посттравматический остеомиелит</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>иммунная система</kwd><kwd>дисфункции</kwd><kwd>противобактериальный иммунитет</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acute hematogenous osteomyelitis</kwd><kwd>acute post-traumatic osteomyelitis</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>immune system</kwd><kwd>dysfunctions</kwd><kwd>antibacterial immunity</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках государственного задания Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации № 121031000071-4.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out as part of the state assignment of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (No. 121031000071-4).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abudjazar W.M., Alhodzhaev S.S., Zankin B.A., Jaxybayev M.N., Zoubi Y.K., KIlybayev A.K., Asymzhanov R.A., Eshmetova M.K. 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