mimmunМедицинская иммунологияMedical Immunology (Russia)1563-06252313-741XSPb RAACI10.15789/1563-0625-NMC-2673mimmun-2673Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИORIGINAL ARTICLESНелинейные главные компоненты цитокинового профиля у детей с внебольничной пневмониейNonlinear main components of the cytokine profile in children with community-acquired pneumoniahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0049-2194ИзюроваН. В.IziurovaN. V.

Изюрова Наталья Владимировна – ассистент кафедры пропедевтики детских болезней и педиатрии.

454092, Челябинск, ул. Воровского, 64

Тел.: 8 (963) 081-46-78

Natalia V. Iziurova - Assistant Professor, Department of Propaedeutics of Children’s Diseases and Pediatrics, South Ural Medical State University.

64 Vorovsky St Chelyabinsk 454092

Phone: +7 (963) 081-46-78

Natusaz@live.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4920-2338НохринД. Ю.NokhrinD. Yu.

К.б.н, доцент кафедры микробиологии, иммунологии и общей биологии биологического факультета.

Челябинск

PhD (Biology), Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and General Biology, Faculty of Biology, Chelyabinsk State University.

Chelyabinsk

nokhrin8@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0536-0924СавочкинаА. Ю.SavochkinaA. Yu.

Д.м.н., профессор кафедры микробиологии, вирусологии и иммунологии.

Челябинск

PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology, South Ural Medical State University.

Chelyabinsk

alina7423@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2367-875XУзуноваА. Н.UzunovaA. N.

Д.м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой пропедевтики детских болезней и педиатрии.

Челябинск

PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Head, Department of Propaedeutics of Children’s Diseases and Pediatrics, South Ural Medical State University.

Chelyabinsk

propeddet@mail.ruФГБОУ ВО «Южно-Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения РФРоссияSouth Ural Medical State UniversityRussian FederationФГБОУ ВО «Челябинский государственный университет»РоссияChelyabinsk State UniversityRussian Federation202413062023262337344Copyright © Изюрова Н.В., Нохрин Д.Ю., Савочкина А.Ю., Узунова А.Н., 20242024Изюрова Н.В., Нохрин Д.Ю., Савочкина А.Ю., Узунова А.Н.Iziurova N.V., Nokhrin D.Y., Savochkina A.Y., Uzunova A.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2673

Цитокины являются важнейшими медиаторами, которые контролируют и регулируют иммунные и воспалительные реакции через сложные сети и служат биомаркерами многих заболеваний. Количественное определение цитокинов помогает в определении иммунного статуса пациента и корректировке терапии при различных воспалительных заболеваниях, таких как сепсис, пневмония. Поскольку внебольничная пневмония остается распространенной причиной детской заболеваемости и смертности, прогноз тяжести заболевания у детей являются актуальной проблемой на современном этапе. Целью исследования было выявление ассоциаций между цитокинами у здоровых детей и у детей с внебольничной пневмонией (ВП) в зависимости от возраста пациентов и тяжести патологического процесса. Работа проведена на кафедре микробиологии, вирусологии и иммунологии, кафедре пропедевтики детских болезней и педиатрии и в НИИ иммунологии ФГБОУ ВО «Южно-Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации. В исследование вошли 117 детей в возрасте от 1 года до 18 лет с рентгенологически подтвержденным диагнозом внебольничной пневмонии тяжелой и нетяжелой. Группа сравнения сформирована из 28 здоровых детей, не имеющих на момент обследования внебольничной пневмонии, а также других признаков острой респираторной вирусной инфекции и не состоящих на диспансерном наблюдении по поводу какой-либо хронической патологии. Были определены уровни IL-1β, IFNγ, IL-6, IL-4, IL-10, IL-2, TNFα, IFNλ2 (IL-28A), IFNλ3 (IL-28B), IL-8, MCP-1, IL-17AF, GM-CSF в сыворотке крови с помощью тест-систем, основанных на «сэндвич»-методе твердофазного ИФА с применением пероксидазы в качестве индикаторного фермента. Для статистического анализа использовали многомерный метод – нелинейный анализ главных компонент по алгоритму CATPCA. Проведенное исследование позволило обнаружить согласованное увеличение в сыворотке крови у детей с ВП IL-1β, IL-4, IL-10, IL-2, TNFα, IFNλ2 (IL-28A), IFNλ3 (IL-28B), IL-8, MCP-1, IL-17AF, GM-CSF, причем наибольшую корреляцию с тяжестью показали IFNλ2 (IL-28A), IFNλ3 (IL-28B) и MCP-1, которые могут рассматриваться дополнительными биомаркерами тяжести внебольничной пневмонии. Также была обнаружена существенная вариабельность цитокинового профиля у здоровых детей и ее существенное сужение при пневмониях, особенно тяжелой.

Cytokines are the key mediators which control and regulate immune and inflammatory responses via complex networks and serve as biomarkers of many diseases. Quantitative determination of cytokines is helpful in assessing immune status and adjusting therapy for various inflammatory diseases, such as sepsis and pneumonia. Since community-acquired pneumonia remains a common cause of childhood morbidity and mortality. At the present stage, prognosis of the disease severity in children is an urgent problem. The aim of our study was to identify associations between cytokine levels in healthy children and in children with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), depending on the age of patients and severity of the pathological process. The work was carried out at the Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology, Department of Propaedeutics of Childhood Diseases and Pediatrics, and at the Research Institute of Immunology at the South Ural State Medical University. The study included 117 children aged 1 to 18 years with radiologically confirmed diagnosis of CAP, either severe or mild degree. The comparison group was composed from 28 healthy children who did not have community-acquired pneumonia, as well as other signs of acute respiratory viral infection at the time of examination, being observed for any chronic disorders. The levels of IL-1β, IFNγ, IL-6, IL-4, IL-10, IL-2, TNFα, IFNλ2 (IL-28A), IFNλ3 (IL-28B), IL-8, MCP-1, IL-17AF, GM-CSF were determined in blood serum by means of ELISA test systems (a “sandwich” technique with peroxidase as an indicator enzyme). For statistical analysis, a multidimensional method was used, i.e., non-linear analysis of the principal components using the CATPCA algorithm. Among the children with CAP, our study revealed a consistent increase of IL-1ß, IL-4, IL-10, IL-2, TNFα, IFNλ2 (IL-28A), IFNλ3 (IL-28B), IL-8, MCP-1, IL-17AF, GM-CSF in blood serum. The highest correlation with severity was shown for IFNλ2 (IL-28A), IFNλ3 (IL-28B) and MCP-1, which may be considered additional biomarkers of the CAP severity. There was also a significant variability of the cytokine profile in healthy children and its significant skewing in pneumonia, especially in severe cases.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.