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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-ASC-2667</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-2667</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SHORT COMMUNICATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительное исследование активации эндогенного ретровируса человека HERV-E λ 4-1 при аутоиммунной патологии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A comparative study of human endogenous retrovirus HERV-E λ 4-1 activation in autoimmune pathology</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8246-9552</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гольдина</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Goldina</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гольдина Ирина Александровна — научный сотрудник лаборатории нейроиммунологии.</p><p>630099, Новосибирск, ул. Ядринцевская, 14</p><p>Тел.: 8 (905) 936-88-80</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina A. Goldina - Research Associate, Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology.</p><p>14 Yadrintsevskaya St Novosibirsk 630099</p><p>Phone: +7 (905) 936-88-80</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">igoldina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маркова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Markova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Маркова Евгения Валерьевна — доктор медицинских наук, главный научный сотрудник и руководитель лаборатории нейроиммунологии.</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniya V. Markova - PhD, MD (Medicine), Chief Research Associate, Head, Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology.</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">evgeniya_markova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт фундаментальной и клинической иммунологии»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>1065</fpage><lpage>1070</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гольдина И.А., Маркова Е.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гольдина И.А., Маркова Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Goldina I.A., Markova E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2667">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2667</self-uri><abstract><p>Учитывая наличие у эндогенных ретровирусов человека иммуномодулирующих свойств — (1) способности к активации врожденного иммунного ответа нуклеиновыми кислотами HERVs; (2) антигенности молекулы протеина оболочки транскрипционно-компетентных эндогенных ретровирусов, вызывающей поликлональную активацию лимфоцитов; (3) отсутствие экспрессии HERVs и продукции протеинов в тимусе во время формирования иммунной толерантности, что позволяет рассматривать эти вирусы как аутоантигены или неоантигены, представлялось актуальным исследовать ассоциацию репликационно-компетентного эндогенного ретровируса человека HERV-E λ 4-1 с течением ряда аутоиммунных заболеваний — рассеянного склероза, ревматоидного артрита и системной красной волчанки. Целью настоящей работы было сравнительное исследование частоты активации эндогенного ретровируса человека HERV-E λ 4-1 в мононуклеарных клетках крови при рассеянном склерозе, ревматоидном артрите, системной красной волчанке, а также хронических непрогрессирующих заболеваниях нервной системы и дегенеративно-дистрофическом заболевании костно-мышечной системы. Мононуклеарные клетки периферической крови выделяли при помощи центрифугирования венозной крови на градиенте плотности фиколла 1,078 г/см3. Экспрессию гена envelope HERV-E λ 4-1 выявляли методом обратно-транскриптазной полимеразной цепной реакции. Было обнаружено, что частота экспрессии гена envelope HERV-E λ 4-1 при хронических непрогрессирующих заболеваниях нервной системы, также, как и при дегенеративно-дистрофическом заболевании суставов сопоставима с частотой экспрессии у условно-здоровых лиц. Однако частота экспрессии гена envelope HERV-E λ 4-1 при аутоиммунных заболеваниях значительно превышала таковую и у условно-здоровых, и при невоспалительных заболеваниях. Максимальные значения частоты экспрессии отмечались при активном рассеянном склерозе, значительно превышающие показатели при системной красной волчанке и ревматоидном артрите в стадии обострения. Причем частота экспрессии в состоянии ремиссии рассеянного склероза была значительно ниже показателя при ремиттирующем течении в стадии обострения, а также при прогредиентном течении. Оценка частоты экспрессии гена envelope HERV-E λ 4-1 при различных степенях тяжести рассеянного склероза выявила ее максимальные показатели при степени тяжести III и IV-V, как при ремиттирующем, так и при прогредиентном течении рассеянного склероза. Таким образом, активация эндогенного ретровируса человека HERV-E λ 4-1 ассоциирована с течением аутоиммунных заболеваний — рассеянного склероза, ревматоидного артрита, системной красной волчанки и положительно коррелирует с активностью и степенью тяжести рассеянного склероза.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Considering the presence of immunomodulatory properties of human endogenous retroviruses, namely (i) the ability to activate the innate immune response by HERVs nucleic acids; (ii) the antigenicity of transcriptionally competent endogenous retroviruses envelope protein molecule, which causes polyclonal activation of lymphocytes; (iii) the absence of HERVs expression and protein production in the thymus during the immune tolerance formation, which allows us to consider these proteins as autoantigens or neoantigens, it seemed relevant to investigate the association of replication-competent human endogenous retrovirus HERV-E λ 4-1 with course of some of autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. The aim of this work was a comparative study of the human endogenous retrovirus HERV-E λ 4-1 activation frequency in blood mononuclear cells in multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, as well as in chronic nervous system non-progressive diseases and the degenerative-dystrophic disease of the musculoskeletal system. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated by the venous blood centrifugation on Ficoll density gradient of 1.078 g/cm3. Expression of the HERV-E λ 4-1 envelope gene was detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. It was found that the HERV-E λ 4-1 envelope gene expression frequency in the chronic non-progressive diseases of nervous system, as well as in degenerative-dystrophic joint disease, is comparable to the expression frequency in conditionally healthy individuals. However, the HERV-E λ 4-1 envelope gene expression frequency in autoimmune diseases significantly exceeded that in conditionally healthy individuals and in non-inflammatory diseases. The maximum values of expression frequency were observed in active multiple sclerosis, significantly higher than in systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis in the acute stage. Moreover, the expression frequency in the remission stage of multiple sclerosis was significantly lower than in the acute stage of the relapsing-remitted course, as well as in the progredient course. Estimation of HERV-E λ 4-1 envelope gene expression frequency at different severity levels of multiple sclerosis revealed its maximum rates at III and IV-V severity levels, both in relapsing-remitting and progressive course of multiple sclerosis. Thus, activation of the human endogenous retrovirus HERV-E λ 4-1 is associated with the course of autoimmune diseases, namely multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus; it positively correlates with the activity and severity of multiple sclerosis.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эндогенный ретровирус HERV-E λ 4-1</kwd><kwd>экспрессия</kwd><kwd>рассеянный склероз</kwd><kwd>ревматоидный артрит</kwd><kwd>системная красная волчанка</kwd><kwd>мононуклеарные клетки крови</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>endogenous retrovirus HERV-E λ 4-1</kwd><kwd>expression</kwd><kwd>multiple sclerosis</kwd><kwd>rheumatoid arthritis</kwd><kwd>systemic lupus erythematosus</kwd><kwd>blood mononuclear cells</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Balada E., Ordi-Ros J., Vilardell-Tarrés M. 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