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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-IPO-2666</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-2666</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SHORT COMMUNICATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Иммуномодулирующие свойства кофеина и обработанных кофеином иммунокомпетентных клеток при депрессивно-подобном состоянии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Immunomodulatory properties of caffeine and caffeine-treated immune cells in depression-like state</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9746-3751</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маркова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Markova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Маркова Евгения Валерьевна – доктор медицинских наук, главный научный сотрудник и руководитель лаборатории нейроиммунологии</p><p>630099, г. Новосибирск., ул. Ядринцевская, 14– 318</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniya V. Markova, PhD, MD (Medicine), Chief Research Associate, Head, Neuroimmunology Laboratory</p><p>14 Yadrintsevskaya St, Room 318 Novosibirsk 630099</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">evgeniya_markova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2537-8232</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Княжева</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Knyazheva</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Княжева Мария Александровна – младший научный сотрудник лаборатории нейроиммунологии</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria А. Knyazheva, Junior</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lira357knyazheva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт фундаментальной и клинической иммунологии»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>533</fpage><lpage>538</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Маркова Е.В., Княжева М.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Маркова Е.В., Княжева М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Markova E.V., Knyazheva M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2666">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2666</self-uri><abstract><p>Депрессия является одной из ведущих глобальных проблем здравоохранения во всем мире. Значительное увеличение распространенности среди трудоспособного населения, а также высокая коморбидность, частичная или полная фармакорезистентность трети пациентов определяет необходимость разработки новых подходов к терапии депрессии. Нарушение взаиморегуляции основных гомеостатических систем играет важнейшую роль в патогенезе депрессии; психои иммунопатология тесно взаимосвязаны: патологические изменения в функционировании обеих систем происходят одновременно и взаимообусловлены. Это определяет перспективность методов лечения депрессии, основанных на иммунологических подходах. Кофеин – препарат, известный своими психонейромодулирующими свойствами является антагонистом аденозиновых рецепторов с выраженным дозозависимым эффектом. Аденозиновые рецепторы экспрессируются как клетками ЦНС, так и клетками иммунной системы, что обуславливает его иммуномодулирующие свойства. Сходство как фенотипов, так и функций клеточных элементов иммунной и нервной систем, а также однонаправленное влияние большинства психоактивных препаратов на ЦНС и иммунную систему определяет интерес к изучению иммуномодулирующих свойств кофеина для направленного воздействия на функциональную активность иммунных клеток, с целью их последующего использования в качестве модельных объектов для нормализации нарушенных при депрессивном состоянии нейроиммунных регуляторных связей. Ранее нами впервые была продемонстрирована возможность редактирования депрессивно-подобного поведения прекультивированными с кофеином иммунокомпетентными клетками и показаны центральные механизмы этого эффекта, направленные на стимуляцию процессов нейропластичности и снижение нейровоспаления. Целью настоящего исследования было оценить функциональный фенотип иммунокомпетентных клеток депрессивно-подобных животных после обработки клеток in vitro кофеином, а также эффекты трансплантации прекультивированных с кофеином иммунокомпетентных клеток на параметры функциональной активности иммунной системы сингенных депрессивно-подобных реципиентов. В результате проведенного исследования было показано, что кофеин в низкой концентрации повышает спонтанную и индуцированную митогенами пролиферативную активность спленоцитов депрессивно-подобных самцов-мышей (CBA x C57BL/6)F1 in vitro; при этом изменяется спонтанная и митоген-стимулированная продукция этими клетками цитокинов TNFa IL-1b, IFNg, IL-2 и IL-10. После внутривенного введения прекультивированных с кофеином спленоцитов депрессивно-подобных доноров сингенным депрессивно-подобным реципиентам у последних наблюдалась стимуляции гуморального иммунного ответа, оцененного по увеличению как относительного, так и абсолютного числа антителообразующих клеток селезенки. Была зарегистрирована также стимуляция спонтанной пролиферативной активности лимфоцитов культуре спленоцитов. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о выраженном эффекте кофеина in vitro на функциональную активность иммунокомпетентных клеток, равно как и о позитивном иммуномодулирующем эффекте прекультивированных с кофеином клеток при депрессивно-подобном состоянии in vivo.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Depression is one of the leading global health problems worldwide. A significant increase in prevalence among the working-age population, as well as high comorbidity, partial or complete drug resistance in a third of patients determines the need to develop new approaches to the treatment of depression. Violation of mutual regulation of the main homeostatic systems plays an important role in the pathogenesis of depression. Psycho- and immunopathology are closely interrelated: pathological changes in the functioning of both systems occur simultaneously and are interdependent. This determines the prospects for the treatment of depression based on immunological approaches. Caffeine, a drug known for its psychoneuromodulatory properties, is an adenosine receptor antagonist with a pronounced dose-dependent effect. Adenosine receptors are expressed by both CNS cells and cells of the immune system, which determines its immunomodulatory properties. The similarity of both phenotypes and functions of the cellular elements of the immune and nervous systems, as well as the unidirectional effect of most psychoactive drugs on the central nervous system and the immune system, determines the interest in studying the immunomodulatory properties of caffeine for a targeted effect on the functional activity of immune cells, with a view to their subsequent use as model objects for the normalization of neuroimmune regulatory connections disturbed in a depressive state. Previously, we first demonstrated the possibility of editing depression-like behavior by immune cells precultivated with caffeine and showed the central mechanisms of this effect aimed at stimulating neuroplasticity processes and reducing neuroinflammation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the functional phenotype of immune cells in depressive-like animals after in vitro treatment of cells with caffeine, as well as the effects of transplantation of caffeine-precultured immune cells on the parameters of the functional activity of the immune system of syngeneic depressive-like recipients. As a result of the study, it was shown that low concentrations of caffeine increase the spontaneous and mitogen-induced proliferative activity of splenocytes of depression-like male mice (CBA x C57BL/6)F1 in vitro; this changes the spontaneous and mitogen-stimulated production of cytokines TNFa IL-1b, IFNg, IL-2, and IL-10 by these cells. After intravenous administration of the precultured with caffeine depression-like donor’s splenocytes to syngeneic depression-like recipients, stimulation of the humoral immune response was observed in the latter, assessed by an increase in both the relative and absolute number of antibody-forming spleen cells. Stimulation of spontaneous proliferative activity of lymphocytes in splenocyte culture was also registered. The data obtained indicate a positive effect of caffeine in vitro on the immune cell’s functional activity, as well as a positive immunomodulatory effect of the immune cells precultured with caffeine in a depression-like state in vivo.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кофеин</kwd><kwd>депрессивно-подобное состояние</kwd><kwd>иммунный ответ</kwd><kwd>иммунокомпетентные клетки</kwd><kwd>пролиферация</kwd><kwd>цитокины</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>caffeine</kwd><kwd>depression-like state</kwd><kwd>immune response</kwd><kwd>immune cells</kwd><kwd>proliferation</kwd><kwd>cytokines</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена за счет средств федерального бюджета на проведение фундаментальных научных исследований по теме № 122011800324-4 (2021-2023)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was supported by the Russian federal budget allocated for the basic scientific research at the Scientific Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology (theme No. 122011800324-4 (2021-2023)).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Al Reef T., Ghanem E. 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