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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/10.15789/1563-0625-EOC-2564</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-2564</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка цитокинового профиля эякулята у подростков с варикоцеле</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Evaluation of cytokine profile of ejaculate in adolescents with varicocele</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7983-9906</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пичугова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pichugova</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пичугова С.В. – к.м.н., старший научный сотрудниклаборатории иммунопатофизиологии ; заведующаялабораторией электронной микроскопии</p><p>620144, г. Екатеринбург, ул. 8 Марта, 78в.Тел.: 8 (905) 802-15-39.Факс: 8 (343) 204-71-57.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pichugova S.V., PhD (Medicine), Senior Research Associate, Laboratory of Immunopathophysiology ; Head, Laboratory of Electron Microscopy</p><p>78v March 8 St. Yekaterinburg 620144 Phone: +7 (905) 802-15-39.Fax: +7 (343) 204-71-57</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ekb-lem@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лагерева</surname><given-names>Ю. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lagereva</surname><given-names>Yu. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лагерева Ю.Г. – д.б.н., старший научный сотрудниклаборатории иммунопатофизиологии ; заведующаялабораторией клинической иммунологии</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lagereva Yu.G., PhD, MD (Biology), Senior Research Associate, Laboratory of Immunopathophysiology; Head, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology</p><p> Yekaterinburg </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бейкин</surname><given-names>Я. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Beikin</surname><given-names>Ya. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бейкин Я.Б. – д.м.н., заведующий лабораториейиммунопатофизиологии ; главный врач</p><p>Екатеринбург</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Beikin Ya.B., PhD, MD (Medicine), Head, Laboratory of Immunopathophysiology ; Chief Physician</p><p> Yekaterinburg </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН «Институт иммунологии и физиологии» Уральского отделения Российской академии наук; ГАУЗ Свердловской области «Клинико-диагностический центр город Екатеринбург»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of immunology and Physiology Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences; Yekaterinburg Regional Clinical and Diagnostic Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>349</fpage><lpage>356</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пичугова С.В., Лагерева Ю.Г., Бейкин Я.Б., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пичугова С.В., Лагерева Ю.Г., Бейкин Я.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pichugova S.V., Lagereva Y.G., Beikin Y.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2564">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2564</self-uri><abstract><p>Варикоцеле – это сосудистое заболевание, характеризующееся аномальной извитостью и расширением вен лозовидного сплетения, дренирующего яичко. В результате затруднения оттока крови по измененным венам происходит нарушение внутритестикулярного кровотока, приводящее к патологическим изменениям ткани яичка, обусловленных гипертермией, ишемией, гипоксией и формированием воспалительной реакции. Семенная плазма содержит многочисленные белки, молекулы широкий спектр цитокинов, хемокинов, факторов роста, от свойств и уровня которых во многом зависят этапы посттестикулярного созревания сперматозоидов. В то же время цитокины являются неотъемлемой частью воспалительного эффекта и синтезируются различными иммунокомпетентными клетками, присутствующими в мужских половых путях. Повышение уровня цитокинов в эякуляте может выступать маркером локального воспалительного процесса и являться фактором развития мужского бесплодия. Цель исследования. Оценить цитокиновый профиль эякулята у подростков с варикоцеле.</p><p>Выполнено определение уровня цитокинов IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNFα, IL-4, IL-10, VEGF в эякуляте у подростков в возрасте 17 лет. Основную группу составили подростки с варикоцеле II-III степени в количестве 100 человек, в группу сравнения вошли 30 подростков без варикоцеле.</p><p>У подростков с варикоцеле наблюдается статистически более высокие уровни всех исследованных провоспалительных цитокинов, за исключением IL-8, а также IL-10, что может свидетельствовать об активности местного воспалительного процесса. Значимых различий в уровнях цитокинов между группами с II и III степенью варикоцеле не установлено, но при III степени варикоцеле в эякуляте выше уровни провоспалительных цитокинов IL-1β, IL-6. При сопоставлении результатов между обеими группами, в зависимости от давности варикоцелеэктомии и группой сравнения, установлены статистически более высокие уровни IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα у пациентов с более давней оперативной коррекцией и уровня IL-10 в обеих подгруппах при варикоцеле, что, учитывая прогрессирующее течение этого заболевания, может считаться неблагоприятным фактором, поскольку в более отдаленном послеоперационном периоде восстановился провоспалительный статус тестикулярной ткани.</p><p>У подростков с варикоцеле выявлен повышенный уровень провоспалительных цитокинов в эякуляте. Не установлено статистически значимых различий в уровне цитокинов в эякуляте при II и III степени варикоцеле. В более отдаленном послеоперационном периоде выявлено увеличение уровня провоспалительных цитокинов вэякуляте.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Varicocele is a vascular disease characterized by abnormal tortuosity and dilation of the veins in pampiniform plexus that drains the testis. Due to difficult outflow of blood via the altered veins, the intratesticular blood flow becomes impaired, leading to pathological changes in the testicular tissue caused by hyperthermia, ischemia, hypoxia and development of inflammatory reaction. Seminal plasma contains numerous proteins, molecules, a wide range of cytokines, chemokines, growth factors. Their properties and levels largely determine the stages of post-testicular maturation of spermatozoa. At the same time, cytokines are an integral part of the inflammatory effect and are synthesized by various immunocompetent cells present in the male reproductive tract. Increased cytokine levels in ejaculate may act as a marker of local inflammatory process, being a significant factor of male infertility. The purpose of our study was to assess cytokine profile of ejaculate in adolescents with varicocele.</p><p>The level of cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNFα, IL-4, IL-10, VEGF was determined in ejaculate of adolescents aged 17 years. The main group consisted of 100 adolescents with II-III degree varicocele; the comparison group included 30 adolescents without varicocele.</p><p>Adolescents with varicocele have statistically higher levels of all studied pro-inflammatory cytokines, except of IL-8 and IL-10, which may suggest presence of a local inflammatory process. We did not find significant differences in the levels of cytokines between groups with grade II and III varicocele. However, the levels of pro-inflammatory IL-1β, IL-6 cytokines in ejaculate proved to be increased in the patients with grade III varicocele. When comparing the results between both groups, depending on the period after varicocelectomy and in the comparison group, statistically higher levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα were detected in patients with more recent surgical correction and IL-10 levels in both subgroups with varicocele. This finding, given the progressive course of this disease, may be considered an unfavorable factor, since the pro-inflammatory status of testicular tissue returned, at later terms after surgery.</p><p>In adolescentswith varicocele, increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokineswere revealed in the ejaculate. There were no statistically significant differences in the level of cytokines in ejaculate of the patients with II and III degrees of varicocele. At the longer postsurgical period, an increased level of pro-inflammatory cytokines was revealed in the ejaculate samples.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>варикоцеле</kwd><kwd>подростки</kwd><kwd>эякулят</kwd><kwd>цитокины</kwd><kwd>бесплодие</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>varicocele</kwd><kwd>adolescents</kwd><kwd>ejaculate</kwd><kwd>cytokines</kwd><kwd>infertility</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках госзадания ИИФ УрО РАН (тема № 122020900136-4).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лукоянова Л.Ф., Кирова Ю.И., Сукоян Г.В. Сигнальные механизмы адаптации к гипоксии и их роль в системной регуляции // Биологические мембраны, 2012. Т. 29, № 4. С. 338-252.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lukoyanova L.F., Kirova Yu.I., Sukoyan G.V. 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