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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-AAI-2562</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-2562</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Противоопухолевые и иммуномодулирующие эффекты оксигенотерапии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Antitumor and immunomodulatory effects of oxygen therapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4746-8853</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Селедцов</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Seledtsov</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Селедцов Виктор Иванович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник поликлинического отделения.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Chief Research Associate, B. Petrovsky Russian Research Center for Surgery.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">seledtsov@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1435-2616</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Доржиева</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dorzhieva</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доржиева Аяна Бояровна – аспирант.</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate Student, Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology.</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dorzhieva-ayana@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8072-6255</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Селедцова</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Seledtsova</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Селедцова Галина Викторовна – доктор медицинских наук, главный научный сотрудник лаборатории клинической иммунопатологии.</p><p>630099, Новосибирск, ул. Ядринцевская, 14</p><p>Тел.: 8 (913) 980-52-25</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina V. Seledtsova - PhD, MD (Medicine), Chief Research Associate, Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology.</p><p>14 Yadrintsevskaya St Novosibirsk 630099</p><p>Phone: +7 (913) 980-52-25</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">galina-seledtsova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Российский научный центр хирургии имени академика Б.В. Петровского»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>B. Petrovsky Russian Research Center for Surgery</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт фундаментальной и клинической иммунологии»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>1319</fpage><lpage>1328</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Селедцов В.И., Доржиева А.Б., Селедцова Г.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Селедцов В.И., Доржиева А.Б., Селедцова Г.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Seledtsov V.I., Dorzhieva A.B., Seledtsova G.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2562">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2562</self-uri><abstract><p>Известно, что ишемия и гипоксия в опухолевом микроокружении способствует опухолевой прогрессии. Дефицит кислорода сдвигает метаболизм раковых клеток от окислительного фосфорилирования к аэробному (эффект Варбурга) и анаэробному гликолизу. Этот измененный углеводный обмен характеризуется низкой энергетической эффективностью и чрезмерным использованием глюкозы. В условиях гипоксии в злокачественных клетках ослабевает антиоксидантная защита и, соответственно, повышается их чувствительность к прямому токсическому действию активных форм кислорода (АФК). На практике насыщение опухолей кислородом обычно достигается применением водорастворимого озона или гипербарической оксигенацией. АФК и свободные радикалы вызывают повышенную текучесть мембран (липопероксидация фосфолипидов), повреждают энергетическую функцию митохондрий и вызывают окислительное повреждение ДНК и РНК. Показано, что АФК, генерируемые в результате оксидативного взрыва, способны усиливать противоопухолевый эффект химиолучевой терапии. Показано, что АФК, продуцируемые иммунными клетками, способны прямо ингибировать опухолевый рост. Кроме того, АФК обеспечивают дополнительную иммуностимуляцию посредством индукции мутагенеза в опухоли и появления иммуногенных неоантигенов. АФК способны также усиливать противоопухолевую иммунную защиту за счет стимуляции продукции иммунными клетками интерферона-γ, фактора некроза опухоли-α, IL-2 и IL-6. С другой стороны, АФК могут оказывать негативное влияние на противоопухолевый иммунитет. В частности, они могут: 1) способствовать накоплению регуляторных Т-клеток (Treg) и миелоидных супрессорных клеток в опухолевом микроокружении, 2) поддерживать функциональную активность альтернативно активированных (M2) макрофагов и (N2) нейтрофилов и 3) нарушать презентацию иммуногенных антигенов дендритными клетками. Так, было показано, что относительно низкие концентрации АФК способны поддерживать активацию, пролиферацию и дифференцировку Т-лимфоцитов, тогда как высокие концентрации АФК обладают обратным эффектом. Есть основания полагать, что максимально возможный клинический эффект оксигенотерапии может быть достигнут в случае ее одновременного или последовательного комбинирования с иммунотерапевтическими вмешательствами.</p><p>Таким образом, на основании представленных данных делается заключение, что:</p><p>–         активные формы кислорода, индуцированные окислительным стрессом, могут повреждать опухолевые клетки, не оказывая при этом существенного влияния на нормальные клетки;</p><p>–         кислородная терапия способна усиливать противоопухолевые эффекты химиолучевой терапии;</p><p>–         кислородную терапию целесообразно сочетать с иммунотерапией для достижения максимального противоопухолевого эффекта с минимальными побочными эффектами.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>It is well known that ischemia and hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment promote tumor progression. Оxygen deficiency in tumor microenvironment polarizes cancer cell metabolism from oxidative phosphorylation to the aerobic mode (Warburg effect) and anaerobic glycolysis. This altered carbohydrate metabolism is characterized by low energy efficiency and excessive glucose consumption. Under hypoxic conditions, the antioxidant protection of malignant cells becomes weaker, thus causing a sufficient increase of their susceptibility to direct toxic effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In clinical practice, oxygen saturation of tumors is usually achieved by using water-soluble ozone or hyperbaric oxygen. The ROS are shown to be produced by oxidative burst, thus being able to enhance antitumor effects of chemoradiotherapy. The immune cell-derived ROS were shown to directly inhibit tumor growth. In addition, ROS provide additional immune stimulation through the induction of mutagenesis in the tumor cells and production of immunogenic neoantigens. ROS may also enhance antitumor immune defense by inducing synthesis of interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-2 and IL-6 by immune cells. Moreover, ROS may exert a negative effect on antitumor immunity. In particular, they are able to: (I) favor the recruitment and accumulation of regulatory T cells (Treg) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the tumor microenvironment; (II) promote accumulation of alternatively activated (M2) macrophages and (N2) neutrophils, and, (III) impair presentation of immunogenic antigens (Ag) by dendritic cells. We suggest that the maximal clinical effect of oxygen therapy could be achieved in case of its simultaneous or sequential combination with immunotherapeutic interventions.</p><p>The authors conclude that:</p><p>–         oxidative stress-induced reactive oxygen species may preferentially damage tumour cells without significantly affecting normal cells;</p><p>–         oxygen therapy may potentiate anti-tumour effects of chemoradiotherapy;</p><p>–         oxygen therapy could be effectively combined with immunotherapy to achieve maximal anticancer effects with minimal side effects.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>опухоль</kwd><kwd>гипоксия</kwd><kwd>активные формы кислорода</kwd><kwd>окислительный стресс</kwd><kwd>химиолучевая терапия</kwd><kwd>иммунотерапия</kwd><kwd>гипербарическая оксигенация</kwd><kwd>ишемия-реперфузия</kwd><kwd>опухолевое микроокружение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tumor</kwd><kwd>hypoxia</kwd><kwd>active oxygen radicals</kwd><kwd>oxidative stress</kwd><kwd>chemo-radiation therapy</kwd><kwd>immunotherapy</kwd><kwd>hyperbaric oxygenation</kwd><kwd>ischemia reperfusion</kwd><kwd>reactive oxygen species</kwd><kwd>tumor microenvironment</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abdelhakim H., Shune L., Bhatti S., Cantilena A.R., Baran A., Lin T.L., Ganguly S., Singh A.K., Abhyankar S., Divine C., Lipe B., McGuirk J., Allin D., Aljitawi OS. 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