<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-EOM-2524</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-2524</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Экспрессия М2-ассоциированных молекул в субпопуляциях циркулирующих моноцитов у фертильных небеременных и беременных с неосложненной гестацией</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Expression of M2-associated molecules in circulating monocyte subsets in fertile non-pregnant women and pregnant women with uncomplicated pregnancy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8997-3586</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевела</surname><given-names>Е. Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevela</surname><given-names>E. Ya.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шевела Екатерина Яковлевна – доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории клеточной иммунотерапии</p><p>630099, г. Новосибирск, ул. Ядринцевская, 14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shevela Ekaterina Ya., PhD, MD (Mecicine), Leading Research Associate, Laboratory of Cellular Immunotherapy</p><p>630099, Novosibirsk, Yadrintsevskaya str., 14</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shevelak@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бухтуева</surname><given-names>Н. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bukhtueva</surname><given-names>N. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бухтуева Наталья Геннадьевна – врач – акушер-гинеколог акушерского обсервационного отделения № 1 </p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bukhtueva Natalia G., Obstetrician-Gynecologist, Obstetric Observational Department No. 1</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bukhtuevang@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2366-1667</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тихонова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tikhonova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тихонова Марина Александровна – кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории клеточной иммунотерапии</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tikhonova Marina  A., PhD (Biology), Senior Research Associate, Laboratory of Cellular Immunotherapy</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">martix59@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3169-8643</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Леплина</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Leplina</surname><given-names>O. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Леплина Ольга Юрьевна – доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории клеточной иммунотерапии</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leplina Olga Yu., PhD, MD (Mecicine), Leading Research Associate, Laboratory of Cellular Immunotherapy</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oleplina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6095-1954</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пасман</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pasman</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пасман Наталья Михайловна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой акушерства и гинекологии Института медицины и психологии</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pasman Natalia  M., PhD, MD (Mecicine), Professor, Head, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nmpasman@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2346-6279</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черных</surname><given-names>Е. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernykh</surname><given-names>E. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Черных Елена Рэмовна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корреспондент РАН, заведующая лабораторией клеточной иммунотерапии</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chernykh Elena R., PhD, MD (Mecicine), Professor, Corresponding Member, Russian Academy of Sciences, Head, Laboratory of Cellular Immunotherapy</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ct_lab@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт фундаментальной и клинической иммунологии»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ НСО «Городская больница № 1</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Hospital No. 1</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт медицины и психологии ФГАОУ ВО «Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>1151</fpage><lpage>1158</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шевела Е.Я., Бухтуева Н.Г., Тихонова М.А., Леплина О.Ю., Пасман Н.М., Черных Е.Р., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шевела Е.Я., Бухтуева Н.Г., Тихонова М.А., Леплина О.Ю., Пасман Н.М., Черных Е.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shevela E.Y., Bukhtueva N.G., Tikhonova M.A., Leplina O.Y., Pasman N.M., Chernykh E.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2524">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2524</self-uri><abstract><p>Циркулирующие моноциты включают у человека классические (CD14++CD16- ), промежуточные (CD14++CD16+) и неклассические/альтернативные (CD14+CD16++) моноциты, которые, в свою очередь, могут активироваться по классическому или альтернативному пути. Беременность сопровождается существенными изменениями в компартменте моноцитов, что проявляется повышением количества циркулирующих моноцитов, в том числе доли промежуточных моноцитов, и изменением их функции. Однако функциональные свойства субпопуляций моноцитов при гестации остаются во многом неисследованными. Мы предположили, что циркулирующие моноциты могут активироваться по альтернативному типу и приобретать признаки М2-поляризации (противовоспалительные /иммуносупрессивные свойства). Целью работы явилось исследование М2-ассоциированных маркеров, характеризующих противовоспалительный и имммуносупрессивный потенциал миелоидных клеток, в субпопуляциях циркулирующих моноцитов у фертильных небеременных и женщин с неосложненной гестацией во втором триместре. Показано, что у фертильных небеременных женщин промежуточные и неклассические моноциты характеризуются более высокой экспрессией М2-ассоциированных маркеров (CD206, Arginase 1, MerTK) по сравнению с классическими моноцитами. Во втором триместре беременности экспрессия указанных молекул на моноцитах статистически значимо возрастает, что проявляется: 1) возрастанием доли CD206+ клеток в субпопуляциях классических и промежуточных моноцитов, 2) увеличением средней интенсивности флюоресценции Arginase 1 во всех субпопуляциях моноцитов, 3) повышением доли MerTK+ клеток в субпопуляциях классических и промежуточных моноцитов и средней интенсивности флюоресценции во всех субпопуляциях моноцитов. При этом наибольшее содержание CD206+ и MerTK+ клеток у беременных выявляется в субпопуляции промежуточных моноцитов, а наиболее высокие показатели средней интенсивности флюоресценции Arginase 1 и MerTK – в субпопуляциях промежуточных и неклассических моноцитов. Полученные данные демонстрируют, что моноциты беременных во втором триместре беременности характеризуются признаками М2-поляризации. Это подтверждается не только усилением экспрессии М2-ассоциированного маннозного рецептора CD206, но и усилением экспрессии Arginase 1 и MerTK, опосредующих иммуносупрессивную активность миелоидных клеток и, в частности, макрофагов М2-фенотипа. Дальнейшие исследования М2-ассоциированных маркеров в субпопуляциях моноцитов в динамике гестации позволят более детально охарактеризовать регуляторную роль циркулирующих миелоидных клеток при беременности.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In humans circulating monocytes include classical (CD14++CD16- ), intermediate (CD14++CD16+) and non-classical/alternative (CD14+CD16++) monocytes, which in turn can be activated via the classical or alternative pathway. Pregnancy is accompanied by significant changes in the monocyte compartment, which is manifested by an increase in the number of circulating monocytes, including the proportion of intermediate monocytes, and a change in their function. However, the functional properties of monocyte subsets during gestation remain largely unexplored. We hypothesized that circulating monocytes may be activated in an alternative pattern and acquire features of M2 polarization (anti-inflammatory / immunosuppressive properties). The aim of the investigation was to study M2-associated markers that characterize the anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive potential of myeloid cells in subpopulations of circulating monocytes in fertile nonpregnant women and women with uncomplicated pregnancy in the 2nd trimester. It was shown that in fertile non-pregnant women intermediate and non-classical monocytes are characterized by a higher expression of M2-associated markers (CD206, Arginase 1, MerTK) compared to classical monocytes. In the 2nd trimester of pregnancy, the expression of these molecules on monocytes increases significantly, which is manifested by 1) an increase in the proportion of CD206+ cells in subpopulations of classical and intermediate monocytes, 2) an increase in the mean fluorescence intensity of Arginase 1 in all monocyte subsets, 3) an increase in the proportion of MerTK+ cells in subpopulations of classical and intermediate monocytes and mean fluorescence intensity across all monocyte subsets. The highest content of CD206+ and MerTK+ cells in pregnant women is detected in the subpopulation of intermediate monocytes, and the highest values of the mean fluorescence intensity of Arginase 1 and MerTK – in the subpopulations of intermediate and non-classical monocytes. The data obtained demonstrate that monocytes of pregnant women in the 2nd trimester of pregnancy are characterized by signs of M2 polarization. This is confirmed not only by an increase in the expression of the M2-associated mannose receptor CD206, but also by an increase in the expression of Arginase 1 and MerTK, which mediate the immunosuppressive activity of myeloid cells and, in particular, macrophages of the M2 phenotype. Further studies of M2-associated markers in monocyte subpopulations during gestation will allow a more detailed characterization of the regulatory role of circulating myeloid cells during pregnancy. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>субпопуляции моноцитов</kwd><kwd>М2 поляризация</kwd><kwd>беременность</kwd><kwd>маннозный рецептор</kwd><kwd>аргиназа-1</kwd><kwd>тирозинкиназа Mer</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>monocyte subsets</kwd><kwd>M2 polarization</kwd><kwd>pregnancy</kwd><kwd>mannose receptor</kwd><kwd>arginase 1</kwd><kwd>Mer tyrosine kinase</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена за счет средств федерального бюджета на проведение фундаментальных научных исследований (№ гос. регистрации в ЕГИСУ НИОКТР 122011800324-4)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abu-Raya B., Michalski C., Sadarangani M., Lavoie P.M. Maternal immunological adaptation during normal pregnancy. Front. Immunol., 2020, Vol. 11, 575197. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.575197.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abu-Raya B., Michalski C., Sadarangani M., Lavoie P.M. Maternal immunological adaptation during normal pregnancy. Front. Immunol., 2020, Vol. 11, 575197. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.575197.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arlauckas S.P., Garren S.B., Garris C.S., Kohler R.H., Oh J., Pittet M.J., Weissleder R. Arg1 expression defines immunosuppressive subsets of tumor-associated macrophages. Theranostics, 2018, Vol. 8, no. 21, pp. 5842-5854.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arlauckas S.P., Garren S.B., Garris C.S., Kohler R.H., Oh J., Pittet M.J., Weissleder R. Arg1 expression defines immunosuppressive subsets of tumor-associated macrophages. Theranostics, 2018, Vol. 8, no. 21, pp. 5842-5854.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brown M.B., von Chamier M., Allam A.B., Reyes L. M1/M2 macrophage polarity in normal and complicated pregnancy. Front. Immunol., 2014, Vol. 5, 606. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00606.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brown M.B., von Chamier M., Allam A.B., Reyes L. M1/M2 macrophage polarity in normal and complicated pregnancy. Front. Immunol., 2014, Vol. 5, 606. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00606.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cai B., Kasikara C., Doran A.C., Ramakrishnan R., Birge R.B., Tabas I. MerTK signaling in macrophages promotes the synthesis of inflammation resolution mediators by suppressing CaMKII activity. Sci. Signal., 2018, Vol. 11, no. 549, eaar3721. doi: 10.1126/scisignal.aar3721.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cai B., Kasikara C., Doran A.C., Ramakrishnan R., Birge R.B., Tabas I. MerTK signaling in macrophages promotes the synthesis of inflammation resolution mediators by suppressing CaMKII activity. Sci. Signal., 2018, Vol. 11, no. 549, eaar3721. doi: 10.1126/scisignal.aar3721.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cormican S., Griffin M.D. Human monocyte subset distinctions and function: insights from gene expression analysis. Front. Immunol., 2020, Vol. 11, 1070. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01070.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cormican S., Griffin M.D. Human monocyte subset distinctions and function: insights from gene expression analysis. Front. Immunol., 2020, Vol. 11, 1070. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01070.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Crittenden M.R., Baird J., Friedman D., Savage T., Uhde L., Alice A., Cottam B., Young K., Newell P., Nguyen C., Bambina S., Kramer G., Akporiaye E., Malecka A., Jackson A., Gough M.J. Mertk on tumor macrophages is a therapeutic target to prevent tumor recurrence following radiation therapy. Oncotarget, 2016, Vol. 7, pp. 78653- 78666.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Crittenden M.R., Baird J., Friedman D., Savage T., Uhde L., Alice A., Cottam B., Young K., Newell P., Nguyen C., Bambina S., Kramer G., Akporiaye E., Malecka A., Jackson A., Gough M.J. Mertk on tumor macrophages is a therapeutic target to prevent tumor recurrence following radiation therapy. Oncotarget, 2016, Vol. 7, pp. 78653- 78666.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dutta S., Sengupta P. Defining pregnancy phases with cytokine shift. J. Pregnancy Reprod., 2017, Vol. 1, pp. 1-3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dutta S., Sengupta P. Defining pregnancy phases with cytokine shift. J. Pregnancy Reprod., 2017, Vol. 1, pp. 1-3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Faas M.M., de Vos P. Maternal monocytes in pregnancy and preeclampsia in humans and in rats. J. Reprod. Immunol., 2017, Vol. 119, pp. 91-97.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Faas M.M., de Vos P. Maternal monocytes in pregnancy and preeclampsia in humans and in rats. J. Reprod. Immunol., 2017, Vol. 119, pp. 91-97.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fadini G.P., de Kreutzenberg S.V., Boscaro E., Albiero M., Cappellari R., Krankel N., Landmesser U., Toniolo A., Bolego C., Cignarella A., Seeger F., Dimmeler S., Zeiher A., Agostini C., Avogaro A. An unbalanced monocyte polarisation in peripheral blood and bone marrow of patients with type 2 diabetes has an impact on microangiopathy. Diabetologia, 2013, Vol. 56, no. 8, pp. 1856-1866.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fadini G.P., de Kreutzenberg S.V., Boscaro E., Albiero M., Cappellari R., Krankel N., Landmesser U., Toniolo A., Bolego C., Cignarella A., Seeger F., Dimmeler S., Zeiher A., Agostini C., Avogaro A. An unbalanced monocyte polarisation in peripheral blood and bone marrow of patients with type 2 diabetes has an impact on microangiopathy. Diabetologia, 2013, Vol. 56, no. 8, pp. 1856-1866.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fukui S., Iwamoto N., Takatani A., Igawa T., Shimizu T., Umeda M., Nishino A., Horai Y., Hirai Y., Koga T., Kawashiri S.Y., Tamai M., Ichinose K., Nakamura H., Origuchi T., Masuyama R., Kosai K., Yanagihara K., Kawakami A. M1 and M2 monocytes in rheumatoid arthritis: a contribution of imbalance of M1/M2 monocytes to osteoclastogenesis. Front. Immunol., 2018, Vol. 8, 1958. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2017.01958.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fukui S., Iwamoto N., Takatani A., Igawa T., Shimizu T., Umeda M., Nishino A., Horai Y., Hirai Y., Koga T., Kawashiri S.Y., Tamai M., Ichinose K., Nakamura H., Origuchi T., Masuyama R., Kosai K., Yanagihara K., Kawakami A. M1 and M2 monocytes in rheumatoid arthritis: a contribution of imbalance of M1/M2 monocytes to osteoclastogenesis. Front. Immunol., 2018, Vol. 8, 1958. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2017.01958.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jiang X., Wang H. Macrophage subsets at the maternal-fetal interface. Cell. Mol. Immunol., 2020, Vol. 17, pp. 889-891.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jiang X., Wang H. Macrophage subsets at the maternal-fetal interface. Cell. Mol. Immunol., 2020, Vol. 17, pp. 889-891.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu B., Dhanda A., Hirani S., Williams E.L., Sen .N., Martinez Estrada F., Ling D., Thompson I., Casady M., Li Z., Si H., Tucker W., Wei L., Jawad S., Sura A., Dailey J., Hannes S,. Chen P., Chien J.L., Gordon S., Lee R.W., Nussenblatt R.B. CD14++CD16+ monocytes are enriched by glucocorticoid treatment and are functionally attenuated in driving effector T cell responses. J. Immunol., 2015, Vol. 194, no. 11, pp. 5150-5160.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu B., Dhanda A., Hirani S., Williams E.L., Sen .N., Martinez Estrada F., Ling D., Thompson I., Casady M., Li Z., Si H., Tucker W., Wei L., Jawad S., Sura A., Dailey J., Hannes S,. Chen P., Chien J.L., Gordon S., Lee R.W., Nussenblatt R.B. CD14++CD16+ monocytes are enriched by glucocorticoid treatment and are functionally attenuated in driving effector T cell responses. J. Immunol., 2015, Vol. 194, no. 11, pp. 5150-5160.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Munder M. Arginase: an emerging key player in the mammalian immune system. Br. J. Pharmacol., 2009, Vol. 158, pp. 638-651.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Munder M. Arginase: an emerging key player in the mammalian immune system. Br. J. Pharmacol., 2009, Vol. 158, pp. 638-651.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Peck A., Mellins E.D. Plasticity of T-cell phenotype and function: The T helper type 17 example. Immunology, 2010, Vol. 129, pp. 147-153.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Peck A., Mellins E.D. Plasticity of T-cell phenotype and function: The T helper type 17 example. Immunology, 2010, Vol. 129, pp. 147-153.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pflitsch C., Feldmann C.N., Richert L., Hagen S., Diemert A., Goletzke J., Hecher K., Jazbutyte V., Renné T., Arck P.C., Altfeld M., Ziegler S. In-depth characterization of monocyte subsets during the course of healthy pregnancy. J. Reprod. Immunol., 2020, Vol. 141, 103151. doi: 10.1016/j.jri.2020.103151.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pflitsch C., Feldmann C.N., Richert L., Hagen S., Diemert A., Goletzke J., Hecher K., Jazbutyte V., Renné T., Arck P.C., Altfeld M., Ziegler S. In-depth characterization of monocyte subsets during the course of healthy pregnancy. J. Reprod. Immunol., 2020, Vol. 141, 103151. doi: 10.1016/j.jri.2020.103151.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Skrzeczynska-Moncznik J., Bzowska M., Loseke S., Grage-Griebenow E., Zembala M., Pryjma J. Peripheral blood CD14high CD16+ monocytes are main producers of IL-10. Scand. J. Immunol., 2008, Vol. 67, no. 2, pp. 152-159.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Skrzeczynska-Moncznik J., Bzowska M., Loseke S., Grage-Griebenow E., Zembala M., Pryjma J. Peripheral blood CD14high CD16+ monocytes are main producers of IL-10. Scand. J. Immunol., 2008, Vol. 67, no. 2, pp. 152-159.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wong K.L., Tai J.J., Wong W.C., Han H., Sem X., Yeap W.H., Kourilsky P., Wong S.C. Gene expression profiling reveals the defining features of the classical, intermediate, and nonclassical human monocyte subsets. Blood, 2011, Vol. 118, no. 5, pp. 16-31.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wong K.L., Tai J.J., Wong W.C., Han H., Sem X., Yeap W.H., Kourilsky P., Wong S.C. Gene expression profiling reveals the defining features of the classical, intermediate, and nonclassical human monocyte subsets. Blood, 2011, Vol. 118, no. 5, pp. 16-31.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ziegler-Heitbrock L., Ancuta P., Crowe S., Dalod M., Grau V., Hart D.N., Leenen P.J., Liu Y.J., MacPherson G., Randolph G.J., Scherberich J., Schmitz J., Shortman K., Sozzani S., Strobl H., Zembala M., Austyn J.M., Lutz M.B. Nomenclature of monocytes and dendritic cells in blood. Blood, 2010, Vol. 116, pp. 74-80.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ziegler-Heitbrock L., Ancuta P., Crowe S., Dalod M., Grau V., Hart D.N., Leenen P.J., Liu Y.J., MacPherson G., Randolph G.J., Scherberich J., Schmitz J., Shortman K., Sozzani S., Strobl H., Zembala M., Austyn J.M., Lutz M.B. Nomenclature of monocytes and dendritic cells in blood. Blood, 2010, Vol. 116, pp. 74-80.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
