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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-ROA-2491</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-2491</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль аллергии в развитии очаговой алопеции</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Role of allergy in the development of alopecia areata</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5349-9122</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барило</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Barilo</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Барило Анна Александровна — кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории клинической патофизиологии.</p><p>660022, Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, 3г.</p><p>Тел.: 8 (913) 158-40-20.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna A. Barilo - PhD (Medicine), Senior Research Associate, Laboratory of Clinical Pathophysiology, Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North, Federal Research Center, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences.</p><p>660022, Krasnoyarsk, Partizan Zheleznyak str., 3g.</p><p>Phone: 7 (913) 158-40-20.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anntomsk@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1197-1481</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnova</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Смирнова Светлана Витальевна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, руководитель научного направления.</p><p>Красноярск.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana V. Smirnova - PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Head of Scientific Direction, Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North, Federal Research Center, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences.</p><p>Krasnoyarsk.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">svetvita@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт медицинских проблем Севера — обособленное подразделение Федерального исследовательского центра «Красноярский научный центр Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North, Federal Research Center, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>799</fpage><lpage>806</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Барило А.А., Смирнова С.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Барило А.А., Смирнова С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Barilo A.A., Smirnova S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2491">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2491</self-uri><abstract><p>Очаговая алопеция представляет собой аутоиммунное заболевание, характеризующееся нерубцовым выпадением волос с сохранением волосяного фолликула. Выпадение волос при очаговой алопеции может быть как очаговым с появлением четко ограниченных очагов алопеции, так и диффузным или полным выпадением волос на любых участках кожного покрова, где присутствуют волосяные фолликулы. Данные о роли пищевой аллергии в развитии очаговой алопеции и характере спектра сенсибилизации крайне немногочисленны. Цель работы — изучить особенности спектра сенсибилизации к пищевым и пыльцевым (перекрестно-реагирующим) аллергенам у больных очаговой алопецией.</p><p>В исследовании приняли участие больные очаговой алопецией (n = 17), которые с учетом возраста были разделены на группы: 1-я группа — дети (п = 9) и 2-я группа — взрослые (п = 8). Всем больным проводилось специфическое аллергологическое обследование: сбор аллергологического анамнеза, кожное prick-тестирование с пищевыми и пыльцевыми аллергенами (Allergopharma, Германия).</p><p>Анализ спектра сенсибилизации к пищевым аллергенам больных очаговой алопецией выявил особенности в зависимости от возраста. Так, в группе больных детей отмечена наибольшая частота встречаемости сенсибилизации к цельному куриному яйцу, пищевым злакам, дрожжам, сое и белкам коровьего молока. В группе взрослых с очаговой алопецией наиболее значимыми пищевыми аллергенами являлись: белок куриного яйца, ржаная мука, овес. Среди пыльцевых аллергенов в первой группе больных наиболее распространенными были аллергены смеси пыльцы сорных и злаковых трав, во второй группе — смеси пыльцы луговых трав. Всем больным с учетом аллергологического тестирования назначалась индивидуальная элиминационная диета с исключением причинно-значимых аллергенов с учетом перекрестнореагирующих аллергенов. Эффект элиминации оценивался через 2 месяца от начала элиминационной диеты. 70% больных отметили клиническое улучшение: в очагах алопеции отмечался рост веллюса — пушковых депигментированных волос, а также терминальных пигментированных волос. Полный регресс очагов алопеции в среднем происходил в течение 3-6 месяцев от начала терапии.</p><p>Установленная нами сенсибилизация к пищевым и пыльцевым (перекрестно-реагирующим) аллергенам больных очаговой алопецией и положительный эффект элиминационной диеты доказывает роль пищевой аллергии в развитии патологии. Следовательно, изучение причинно-следственной взаимосвязи пищевой аллергии и очаговой алопеции представляет особую актуальность и создает предпосылки для открытия новых диагностических и терапевтических возможностей.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease characterized by non-scarring hair loss with preservation of the hair follicle. Hair loss in alopecia areata can be either focal with the appearance of clearly defined foci of alopecia, or diffuse or complete hair loss in any area of the skin where hair follicles are present. Data on the role of food allergy in the development of alopecia areata and the nature of the sensitization spectrum are extremely scarce. Objective: to study the features of the spectrum of sensitization to food and pollen (cross-reacting) allergens in patients with alopecia areata.</p><p>The study involved patients with alopecia areata (n = 17), who were divided into groups according to age: group 1 — children (n = 9) and group 2 — adults (n = 8). All patients underwent a specific allergological examination: collection of an allergic history, skin prick testing with food and pollen allergens (Allergopharma, Germany).</p><p>Analysis of the spectrum of sensitization to food allergens in patients with alopecia areata revealed features depending on their age. Thus, in the group of sick children, the highest frequency of sensitization to whole chicken eggs, food cereals, yeast, soybeans and cow's milk proteins was noted. In the group of sick adults, the most significant food allergens were: egg protein, rye flour, oats. Among the pollen allergens in the first group of patients, the most common allergens were a mixture of weed and grass pollen, in the second group, a mixture of meadow grass pollen. All patients, taking into account allergological testing, were administered an individual elimination diet with the exclusion of causally significant allergens, taking into account crossreacting allergens. The elimination effect was assessed 2 months after the start of the elimination diet. 70% of patients showed a clinical improvement, i.e., the growth of vellus was noted (vellus depigmented hair) in the foci of alopecia, as well as terminal pigmented hair. Complete regression of alopecia foci occurred on average within 3-6 months from the start of therapy.</p><p>The sensitization to food and pollen (cross-reacting) allergens in patients with alopecia areata and the positive effect of the elimination diet revealed in our study well supports the role of food allergy in the development of this disorder. Therefore, the study of the causal relationship between food allergy and alopecia areata is of particular relevance and creates prerequisites for the discovery of new diagnostic and therapeutic options.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>очаговая алопеция</kwd><kwd>атопия</kwd><kwd>иммунопатогенез</kwd><kwd>аллерген</kwd><kwd>поллиноз</kwd><kwd>атопический дерматит</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>alopecia areata</kwd><kwd>atopy</kwd><kwd>immunopathogenesis</kwd><kwd>allergen</kwd><kwd>hay fever</kwd><kwd>atopic dermatitis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Барило А.А., Борисова И.В., Смирнова С.В. Дерматореспираторный синдром как проявление пищевой аллергии у детей // Российский аллергологический журнал, 2019. Т. 16, № 1-2. С. 32-34.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barilo A.A., Borisova I.V., Smirnova S.V. 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