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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-SIM-2480</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-2480</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Cтресс-индуцированные молекулы MICA и MICB в онкологии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Stress-induced MICA and MICB molecules in oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5253-6016</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Столбовая</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yurevna</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Столбовая Анастасия Юрьевна – научный сотрудник лаборатории гибридомной технологии РНИЦРХ имени академика А.М. Гранова; лаборант-исследователь НИИАГР имени Д.О. Отта; аспирант НМИЦ имени В.А. Алмазова.</p><p>197758, п. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, 70. Тел.: 8 (921) 312-00-25</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stolbovaya Anastasia Yurevna - Research Associate, Laboratory of Hybridoma Technology, A. Granov RRCRST; Research Laboratory Assistant, D. Ott Research I OGR; Postgraduate Student, V. Almazov NMRC.</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anastasia.stolbovaya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1341-825X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнов</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Илья Валерьевич Смирнов – кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории гибридомной технологии РНИЦРХ имени академика А.М. Гранова; младший научный сотрудник НИИАГР имени Д.О. Отта.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilya Valerievich Smirnov - PhD (Biology), Leading Research Associate, Laboratory of Hybridoma Technology, A. Granov RRCRST; Junior Research Associate, D. Ott Research I OGR.</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">smirnov.iv.iem@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0957-8453</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самойлович</surname><given-names>М. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Samoylovich</surname><given-names>M. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марина Платоновна Самойлович – доктор биологических наук, главный научный сотрудник лаборатории гибридомной технологии РНИЦРХ имени академика А.М. Гранова; профессор кафедры цитологии и гистологии СанктПетербургский ГУ.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina Platonovna Samoylovich -PhD, MD (Biology), Main Research Associate, Head, Laboratory of Hybridoma Technology, A. Granov RRCRST; Professor, Department of Cytology and Histology, St. Petersburg SU.</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mpsamoylovich@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ Российский научный центр радиологии и хирургических технологий имени академика А.М. Гранова Министерства здравоохранения РФ; ФГБНУ Научно-исследовательский институт акушерства, гинекологии и репродуктологии имени Д.О. Отта; ФГБУ Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр имени В.А. Алмазова Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A. Granov Russian Research Center for Radiology and Surgical Technologies; D. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology; V. Almazov National Medical Research Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ Российский научный центр радиологии и хирургических технологий имени академика А.М. Гранова Министерства здравоохранения РФ; ФГБНУ Научно-исследовательский институт акушерства, гинекологии и репродуктологии имени Д.О. Отта</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A. Granov Russian Research Center for Radiology and Surgical Technologies; D. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ Российский научный центр радиологии и хирургических технологий имени академика А.М. Гранова Министерства здравоохранения РФ; ФГБОУ ВО Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A. Granov Russian Research Center for Radiology and Surgical Technologies; St. Petersburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>433</fpage><lpage>454</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Столбовая А.Ю., Смирнов И.В., Самойлович М.П., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Столбовая А.Ю., Смирнов И.В., Самойлович М.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yurevna S.A., Smirnov I.V., Samoylovich M.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2480">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2480</self-uri><abstract><p>Молекулы MICA и MICB, родственные молекулам главного комплекса гистосовместимости I класса, появляются на мембранах поврежденных, трансформированных или инфицированных клеток. Эти гликопротеины связываются с NKG2D рецептором NK-клеток, что приводит к их активации и проявлению цитотоксической реакции в отношении экспрессирующих MICA и/или MICB клеток. Экспрессия лигандов NKG2D рецептора позволяет элиминировать опухолевые и поврежденные клетки. Под действием протеиназ образуются растворимые формы MICA/B белков. Связывание растворимых форм лигандов с NKG2D рецепторами вызывает их интернализацию и деградацию, что приводит к снижению активности NK-клеток. Рост ряда опухолей желудочного-кишечного тракта, поджелудочной железы, печени, почек, легких, кожи и кровеносной системы сопровождается повышением концентрации растворимых форм MICA/B в плазме крови пациентов. Высокая концентрация этих белков ассоциирована с более низкой общей и безрецедивной выживаемостью пациентов. Растворимые формы MICA/B способствуют формированию иммуносупрессивного микроокружения опухоли, а повышение их концентрации в плазме крови можно рассматривать как индикатор избегания опухолью иммунного надзора. Роль белков MICA/B изменяется в процессе канцерогенеза. На ранней стадии формирования опухоли эти белки способствуют активации NK-клеток и уничтожению трансформированных клеток, а на поздней стадии процесса повышенная продукция их растворимых форм приводит к снижению противоопухолевой активности NK-клеток. Стандартные методы лечения онкологических заболеваний, такие как химиотерапия, вызывают повышение плотности молекул MICA/B на клетках опухолей. Кроме того, доклинические исследования показывают, что подавление шеддинга MICA/B с помощью антител или их производных также способствует усилению противоопухолевой активности NK-клеток. В настоящем обзоре суммированы основные сведения о биологии молекул MICA/B, их экспрессии нормальными и трансформированными клетками, рассмотрена роль этих молекул в противо опухолевом иммунном надзоре, а также приведены сведения о возможности использования MICA/B в диагностике и терапии онкологических заболеваний.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>MICA and MICB molecules, MHC class I chain-related proteins, are expressed on the membranes of damaged, transformed or infected cells. These glycoproteins bind to the NKG2D receptor of NK cells, resulting in their activation and cytotoxic response against MICA- and/or MICB-expressing cells. Expression of NKG2D receptor ligands allows the elimination of tumor and damaged cells. Soluble forms of MICA/B proteins are produced as a result of protein cleavage. Binding of soluble ligands to NKG2D receptors causes their internalization and degradation, leading to a decrease in NK cell activity. Malignant growth of gastrointestinal tissues, pancreas, liver, kidney, lung, skin, and blood cancers is accompanied by increased concentration of soluble MICA/B in blood plasma of the patients. High concentrations of these proteins are associated with lower overall and recurrence-free survival in the patients. Soluble MICA/B contribute to immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, and increase in their plasma contents is considered an index of tumor escape from the immune surveillance. The role of MICA/B protein changes during carcinogenesis is also under studies. At the early stage of tumor formation, these proteins contribute to activation of NK cells and elimination of transformed cells, whereas, at the later stage of this process, the increased production of its soluble forms leads to a decrease in anti-tumor activity of NK cells. Standard cancer treatment, such as chemotherapy, is accompanied by increased density of these molecules on the tumor cells. In addition, preclinical studies show that inhibition of MICA/B shedding with antibodies or their derivatives may also promote the anti-tumor activity of NK cells. This review summarizes basic information on the biology of MICA/B molecules, their expression by normal and transformed cells, elucidates the role of these molecules in anti-tumor immune surveillance, and provides information on the potential use of MICA/B in diagnosis and therapy of malignant diseases.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>белки MICA/B</kwd><kwd>растворимые MICA/B</kwd><kwd>NKG2D рецептор</kwd><kwd>NK-клетки</kwd><kwd>противоопухолевый иммунитет</kwd><kwd>антитела к MICA/B</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>MICA/B</kwd><kwd>soluble MICA/B</kwd><kwd>NKG2D</kwd><kwd>NK cells</kwd><kwd>antitumor immunity</kwd><kwd>anti-MICA/B antibody</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда (№ 21-15-00021)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Russian Science Foundation (Grant No. 21-15-00021)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Данилова А.Б., Данилов А.О., Фахрутдинова О.Л., Балдуева И.А., Моисеенко В.М. 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