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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-ROL-2478</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-2478</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль молекул адгезии S-selectin и ICAM 1 у детей с бронхиальной астмой</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Role of L-selectin and ICAM-1 adhesion molecules in children with asthma</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5235-5303</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бережанский</surname><given-names>П. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Berezhansky</surname><given-names>P. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бережанский Павел Вячеславович – кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры клинической иммунологии, аллергологии и адапталогии РУДН; заведующий пульмонологическим отделением ГБУЗ Морозовская ДГКБ Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы.</p><p>117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6. Тел.: 8 (915) 145-50-13</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Assistant Professor, Department of Clinical Immunology, Allergology and Adaptology, Peoples’ Friendship University; Head, Pulmonology Department,Morozov PMCH.</p><p>117198, Moscow, Miklukho-Maclay str., 6. Phone: 7 (915) 145-50-13</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">p.berezhanskiy@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3486-8188</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Татаурщикова</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tataurschikova</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталья Станиславовна Татаурщикова – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой клинической иммунологии, аллергологии и адапталогии.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Head, Department of Clinical Immunology, Allergology and Adaptology.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natalytataur@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1456-3923</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федоскова</surname><given-names>Т. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedoskova</surname><given-names>T. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Германовна Федоскова  – доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры клинической иммунологии, аллергологии и адапталогии.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Department of Clinical Immunology, Allergology and Adaptology.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tatger@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9085-6229</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Летяева</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Letyaeva</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Ивановна Летяева – доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры клинической иммунологии, аллергологии и адапталогии.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Department of Clinical Immunology, Allergology and Adaptology.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yarcast@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6574-1406</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Русанова</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rusanova</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Сергеевна Русанова – преподаватель кафедры клинической иммунологии, аллергологии и адапталогии.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Teacher, Department of Clinical Immunology, Allergology and Adaptology.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anna_rusanova@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8412-2627</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорьева</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigorieva</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ирина Николаевна Григорьева – кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры клинической иммунологии, аллергологии и адапталогии.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine) Аssistant Professor, Department of Clinical Immunology, Allergology and Adaptology.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">grigorieva@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5895-2982</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Камелева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kameleva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анастасия Андреевна Камелева – кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры клинической иммунологии, аллергологии и адапталогии.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Аssistant Professor, Department of Clinical Immunology, Allergology and Adaptology.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Kameleva-aa@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Добренькая</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dobrenkaya</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анастасия Евгеньевна Добренькая – ординатор кафедры клинической иммунологии, аллергологии и адапталогии.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Clinical Resident, Department of Clinical Immunology, Allergology and Adaptology.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aedoc1@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Василькова</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilkova</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алина Ивановна Василькова – ординатор кафедры клинической иммунологии, аллергологии и адапталогии.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Clinical Resident, Department of Clinical Immunology, Allergology and Adaptology</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vasilkova.alia@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО Российский университет дружбы народов; ГБУЗ Морозовская детская городская клиническая больница Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia; Morozov Pediatric Municipal Clinical Hospital<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО Российский университет дружбы народов<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>519</fpage><lpage>526</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бережанский П.В., Татаурщикова Н.С., Федоскова Т.Г., Летяева О.И., Русанова А.С., Григорьева И.Н., Камелева А.А., Добренькая А.Е., Василькова А.И., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бережанский П.В., Татаурщикова Н.С., Федоскова Т.Г., Летяева О.И., Русанова А.С., Григорьева И.Н., Камелева А.А., Добренькая А.Е., Василькова А.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Berezhansky P.V., Tataurschikova N.S., Fedoskova T.G., Letyaeva O.I., Rusanova A.S., Grigorieva I.N., Kameleva A.A., Dobrenkaya A.E., Vasilkova A.I.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2478">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2478</self-uri><abstract><p>Бронхиальная астма (БА) является одним из наиболее распространенных хронических бронхолегочных заболеваний детского возраста, представляя серьезную медико-социальную и экономическую проблему. БА представляет собой многофакторное заболевание, в развитии которого играют роль многие факторы. БА является хроническим воспалительным заболеванием, которое характеризуется активацией Т-опосредованных факторов, в том числе факторов адгезии в слизистой бронхов, а также минимальным персестирующим воспалением. Минимальное персестирующее воспаление характеризуется как длительно идущий процесс воспаления (несмотря на полное отсутствие клинических проявлений) у пациентов с аллергопатологией и сопровождается повышенной экспрессией ICAM-1 (молекула межклеточной адгезии 1-го типа) и CD62L (L-селектин) в кровяном русле. При аллергическом воспалении количество лимфоцитов и эозинофилов напрямую зависит от количества ICAM-1, так как именно молекулы межклеточной адгезии обеспечивают трансмиграцию эозинофилов и лейкоцитов через эндотелиальный барьер. Увеличение количества ICAM-1 напрямую зависит от образования различных активных форм кислорода, которые при БА продуцируются в избыточном количестве. В свою очередь ICAM-1 индуцируют изменение цитоскелета белков, которые играют значимую роль в патогенезе БА. Отмечено, что молекулы ICAM-1 и CD62L являются факторами, которые провоцируют изменения на микрореологическом уровне, в том числе и при респираторной патологии аллергического генеза. Доказано, что увеличение количества сосудистых молекул адгезии в дыхательных путях является важной частью патогенеза развития БА. Максимальная экспрессия сосудистой молекулы клеточной адгезии 1 (VCAM-1) и ICAM-1 у людей с предрасположенностью к аллергическим заболеваниям может наступить через неопределенный промежуток времени и сразу же вызвать мощную дегрануляцию эозинофилов в респираторном тракте и капиллярном русле. Также важным триггером обострения астмы является вирусная инфекция. Экспрессия молекулы межклеточной адгезии ICAM-1, клеточного рецептора для большинства риновирусов, на эпителиальных клетках увеличивается после инфицирования самим риновирусом. И эозинофилы, и нейтрофилы способствуют развитию тяжелой астмы или обострению астмы. Так как ICAM-1 является клеточным рецептором для большинства риновирусных инфекций, а именно адгезия эозинофилов к ICAM-1 помогает активации функций эозинофилов, следовательно адгезия эозинофилов к эпителиальным клеткам через ICAM-1 может активировать эозинофилы во время обострения астмы.</p><p>Изменения в системе иммуногемореологии у детей с БА являются стартовой точкой нарушений во всех звеньях гемостаза со склонностью к повышенной адгезивности и гиперкоагуляции, которые в свою очередь активируют целый каскад иммуно-метаболических нарушений и инициируют клиническое развитие БА. Для обострения БА характерен отчетливый паттерн экспрессии фактора адгезии ICAM-1 в зависимости от провоцирующего обструкцию агента. У пациентов с БА в зависимости от степени тяжести обострения имеются выраженные изменения при оценке показателей молекул адгезии: выраженное повышение ICAM-1 в период обструкции, вызванной и причинно-значимым аллергеном и инфекционным агентом, но более выраженное повышение в период поллинации, а также незначительное повышение sL в период обструкции вызванной вирусным агентом.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Аsthma is among the commonest chronic bronchopulmonary diseases in childhood, being a  serious medical, social and economic problem. Asthma represents a multifactorial chronic inflammatory disease characterized by activation of T-mediated factors, including adhesion molecules in bronchial mucosa, as well as minimal persistent inflammation which is characterized by a long-term inflammatory process (despite complete absence of clinical manifestations) in the patients with allergic disorders accompanied by increased expression of ICAM-1 (type 1 intercellular adhesion molecule) and CD62L (L-selectin) in the bloodstream.</p><p>Lymphocyte and eosinophil counts in allergic inflammation show direct dependence on ICAM-1 contents, an intercellular adhesion molecule that provides transmigration of eosinophils and leukocytes through the endothelial barrier. Increased amount of ICAM-1 directly depends on excessive production of various reactive oxygen species in bronchial asthma. In turn, ICAM-1 induces changes in the cellular cytoskeleton which play a significant role in pathogenesis of asthma. It has been noted that ICAM-1 and CD62L molecules are those factors that exert changes at the microrheological level, including respiratory pathology of allergic nature. Increased amounts of vascular adhesion molecules in respiratory tract It has been proven are proven to be an important component of pathogenesis in bronchial asthma.</p><p>Maximal expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) and ICAM-1 in the persons prone to allergic diseases may occur after undetermined time period, and it immediately causes pronounced degranulation of eosinophils in respiratory tract and capillary bed. Viral infection is also an important trigger for the asthma  exacerbation. Epithelial expression of intercellular adhesion molecule ICAM-1, a cellular receptor for the most rhinoviruses, is increased after the rhinovirus infection itself. Both eosinophils and neutrophils contribute to the development of severe asthma, or exacerbation of asthma. ICAM-1 is a cellular receptor for rhinoviruses. Adhesion of eosinophils to ICAM-1 promotes functional activation of eosinophils. Therefore, adhesion of eosinophils to epithelial cells via ICAM-1 may activate this population during exacerbation in bronchial asthma.</p><p>Changes in the immunohemorheology system in children with bronchial asthma represent the starting point of disorders at either hemostatic pathways, with a trend for increased adhesiveness and hypercoagulability, thus activating entire cascade of immunometabolic disorders and initiate clinical development of asthma. Exacerbation of asthma is characterized by the distinct expression pattern of the ICAM-1 adhesion factor, depending on the agent which promotes the airway obstruction. In the patients with asthma, depending on severity of exacerbation, there are pronounced changes in the levels of adhesion molecules. A pronounced increase in ICAM-1 at the time of bronchial obstruction is caused by the both causal allergen and infectious agent. However, more pronounced increase occurs during pollination, as well as slight elevation is observed in the course of obstruction caused by an infectious agent.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бронхиальная астма</kwd><kwd>молекулы адгезии</kwd><kwd>вирус</kwd><kwd>аллергическое воспаление</kwd><kwd>обострение астмы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>asthma</kwd><kwd>adhesion molecules</kwd><kwd>virus</kwd><kwd>allergic inflammation</kwd><kwd>asthma exacerbation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бережанский П.В., Татаурщикова Н.С. 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