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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-FOH-2452</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-2452</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности гуморального иммунитета после перенесенного Covid-19</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of humoral immunity after COVID-19</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1676-7754</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник отделения молекулярной и радиационной биофизики ФГБУ «Петербургский институт ядерной физики им. Б.П. Константинова» НИЦ «Курчатовский институт»</p><p>г. Гатчина, Ленинградская обл.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Research Associate, Division of Molecular and Radiation Biophysics</p><p>Gatchina, Leningrad Region</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлюк</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavliuk</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Студент 5 курса (магистратура курса кафедры цитологии и гистологии) биологического факультета</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student, Department of Cytology and Histology</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уварова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Uvarova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Биолог отдела клинической лабораторной диагностики</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Biologist, Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1676-7754</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иванов Андрей Владимирович – кандидат биологических наук, биолог клиники высоких медицинских технологий имени Н.И. Пирогова ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет»; руководитель группы генетических исследований АО «Северо-Западный центр доказательной медицины»</p><p>198103, Санкт-Петербург, наб. реки Фонтанки, 154</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivanov Andrei V., PhD (Biology), Biologist, N. Pirogov Clinic of High Medical Technologies, St. Petersburg State University; Head, Department of Genetics, North-West Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine JSC</p><p>198103, St. Petersburg, Fontanka emb.,154</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gostyatin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Петербургский институт ядерной физики им. Б.П. Константинова» НИЦ «Курчатовский институт»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>B. Konstantinov St. Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>АО «Северо-Западный центр доказательной медицины»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North-West Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine JSC</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет»;&#13;
АО «Северо-Западный центр доказательной медицины»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State University;&#13;
North-West Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine JSC</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>337</fpage><lpage>350</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Семенова Е.В., Павлюк В.В., Уварова М.А., Иванов А.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Семенова Е.В., Павлюк В.В., Уварова М.А., Иванов А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Semenova E.V., Pavliuk V.V., Uvarova M.A., Ivanov A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2452">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2452</self-uri><abstract><p>Изучение гуморального звена иммунного ответа на новую коронавирусную инфекцию, формирующего защитный пул специфических антител, определение выраженности и длительности такой иммунной защиты после перенесенного COVID-19 и при оценке эффективности противоковидных вакцин – важнейшие задачи современности, без решения которых невозможна победа над пандемией коронавируса SARS-CoV-2. Несмотря на огромный интерес научного сообщества к этой проблеме, результатов длительного (более полугода) анализа иммунологического статуса перенесших COVID-19 пациентов в литературе очень мало. Целью данного исследования является долгосрочный (9-14 месяцев) мониторинг развития и угасания иммунного ответа на инфекцию SARS-CoV-2 с количественной оценкой уровней IgA и IgG в крови у перенесших COVID-19 пациентов. Анализ уровней анти-SARS-CoV-2 антител в динамике продемонстрировал значительную индивидуальную вариабельность и позволил разделить участников проекта по характерным чертам гуморального иммунитета после перенесенного COVID-19 три группы. В исследовании описываются характерные особенности гуморального иммунного ответа для каждой из этих групп. Первая группа (30% добровольцев) соответствует классическим представлением о поведении антительного ответа на вирусную инфекцию. Отличительной особенностью второй группы (40% добровольцев) являются необычно высокие уровни плазменного IgА и их значительное превосходство (примерно в 2 раза) над уровнями IgG на протяжении всего периода наблюдений. Третью группу (30% добровольцев), по-видимому, составляют люди с повышенной активностью гуморального звена иммунитета на инфекцию SARS-CoV-2. Уровень плазменных антител у них сохраняется на высоких уровнях, как минимум, в течение 9-10 месяцев с начала инфекции. Полученные данные подтверждают не вполне характерное для вирусных инфекций поведение плазменного IgА в динамике по прошествии достаточно большого отрезка времени после перенесенного заболевания у большинства участников проекта (члены 2-й и 3-й групп; 70% всех переболевших COVID-19 добровольцев) и свидетельствуют о важной роли этого иммуноглобулина в противоборстве с SARS-CoV-2. Специфические ответы анти-SARS-CoV-2 IgG очень похожи на поведение этих антител при других вирусных инфекциях, в том числе при контактах с коронавирусами предыдущих поколений. Гуморальный иммунитет против SARS-CoV-2 сохраняется более 6 месяцев, подтверждая предположение, что естественно инфицированные пациенты обладают способностью бороться с повторным заражением в течение достаточно длительного времени.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>At the present time, studying humoral immunity to the new coronavirus infection is among the most important tasks. The COVID-19 infection induces a protective pool of specific antibodies determining severity and duration of such immune protection after convalescence. The antibody testing is also necessary for assessing efficiency of anti-COVID vaccines in order to defeat the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Despite enormous interest of scientific community in this problem seen in the literature, there is still a lack for longitudinal observations of immunological status (more than 6 months) in the patients who have undergone COVID-19. The aim of this study is a long-term monitoring (9-14 months) of development and extinction of immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection using quantitative assessment of IgA and IgG levels in peripheral blood of the patients who had COVID-19 in anamnesis. Monitoring of anti-SARS-CoV-2 levels over time has demonstrated significant individual variability, and made it possible to divide the study participants into three groups, according to characteristic features of humoral immunity after documented COVID-19. The study describes characteristic features of humoral immune response for each of these groups. The first group (30% of the study group) exhibited classical pattern of antibody response to viral infection. The second group (40% of study participants) presented with high plasma IgA levels, and their significant excess (about 2 times) over IgG levels throughout the observation period. The third group (30% of study participants), apparently comprised the subjects with increased humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Their plasma antibodies remain at high levels for at least 9-10 months after the onset of infection. The data obtained confirm the pattern of plasma IgA which is not quite typical to viral infections in dynamics after a sufficiently long time period after the disease in most study participants (2nd and 3rd groups; 70% of all volunteers who have recovered from COVID-19) and suggests an important role of this immunoglobulin against SARS-CoV-2 infection. The specific responses of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG are very similar to behavior of such antibodies in other viral infections including contacts with coronaviruses from earlier generations. Humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2 may persist for more than 6 months, thus supporting an assumption that the naturally infected patients are able to resist re-infection for a long time.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>анти-SARS-CoV-2 антитела</kwd><kwd>гуморальный иммунитет</kwd><kwd>долгосрочный мониторинг</kwd><kwd>иммуноглобулин IgA</kwd><kwd>иммуноглобулин IgG</kwd><kwd>коронавирус SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody</kwd><kwd>humoral immunity</kwd><kwd>long-term monitoring</kwd><kwd>immunoglobulin IgA</kwd><kwd>immunoglobulin IgG</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Amanat F., Stadlbauer D., Strohmeier S., Nguyen T.H.O., Chromikova V., McMahon M., Jiang K., Arunkumar G.A., Jurczyszak D., Polanco J., Bermudez-Gonzalez M., Kleiner G., Aydillo T., Miorin L., Fierer D.S., Lugo L.A., Kojic E.M., Stoever J., Liu S.T.H., Cunningham-Rundles C., Felgner P.L., Moran T., García-Sastre A., Caplivski D., Cheng A.C., Kedzierska K., Vapalahti O., Hepojoki J.M., Simon V., Krammer F. 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