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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-ARF-2275</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-2429</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕРИАЛЫ ФОРУМА "ДНИ ИММУНОЛОГИИ В СПБ" 2021</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>РОЛЬ КЛЕТОЧНОГО ИММУНИТЕТА В РАННИЙ ПОСЛЕРОДОВЫЙ ПЕРИОД</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A ROLE FOR CELLULAR IMMUNITY IN EARLY POSTPARTUM PERIOD</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Panova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., доцент кафедры биохимии и физиологии,</p><p>196084, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Черниговская, 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology,</p><p>196084, St. Petersburg, Chernigovskaya str., 5</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">panova_na@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скопичев</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skopichev</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.б.н., профессор кафедры физиологии лечебного факультета, Институт медицинского образования,</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Biology), Professor, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, </p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет ветеринарной медицины»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр имени В.А. Алмазова» Министерства&#13;
здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V. Almazov National Medical Research Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>10</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>853</fpage><lpage>858</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Панова Н.А., Скопичев В.Г., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Панова Н.А., Скопичев В.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Panova N.A., Skopichev V.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2429">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2429</self-uri><abstract><p>Функционирование секреторных органов тесно связано с деятельностью иммунной системы. Как хорошо известно, это участие проявляется в том, что на определенных стадиях активности, мигрирующие в орган лимфоидные клетки, могут включаться в процесс регуляции секретообразования. Кроме того, продукты деятельности иммунной системы и даже ее клеточные элементы могут становиться составляющими ряда секретов. Молозиво и молоко содержит большое количество клеток широкого спектра (до 1/3 объема), из них численность лимфоцитов составляет до 16% от лейкоцитов. Лимфоциты в иммунологически активной форме, попадая с молозивом в организм новорожденного, активизируют систему клеточного иммунитета. Некоторую роль в этом процессе играет транспорт медиаторов лимфокининов. Микрофаги, Т- и В-лимфоциты, проникая по межклеточным пространствам в лимфоидный слой кишечника передают иммунорецепторы пролимфоцитам новорожденного, «вооружая» их активностью к распознаванию генетически чужеродного. Лимфоциты, содержащиеся в молозиве, являются клетками иммунной системы, обеспечивающими клеточный и гуморальный иммунитет. Они представлены в большей степени Т-клетками, В-клетками и клетками киллерами. Т-клетки молока вырабатывают весь спектр иммунорегуляторных белков, таких как интерферон, фактор некроза опухоли-альфа. Эти клетки являются клетками иммунной памяти. Новорожденные, получившие первую порцию молозива не позже, чем через час после рождения, отличаются повышенной численностью лейкоцитов, более выраженными фагоцитозом, что свидетельствует о стимуляции гемо- и лимфоцитоза. При проведении просвечивающей и сканирующей электронной микроскопии в эпителиальном слое кишечника обнаружены клеточные элементы, которые попали туда из просвета кишечника. На микросрезах видно, как клетки лимфоидной природы, раздвигая структуры эпителиального пласта, минуют естественные барьеры и сохраняют при этом свою физиологическую полноценность. Возможность проникновения иммунокомпетентных клеток молозива матери в кровоток детенышей доказывается при использовании естественной метки клеток самки – полового хроматина. Естественно, что меченные по половому хроматину клетки искали у новорожденных мужского пола. Обнаружение молозивных клеток в кишечной стенке и кровеносном русле детеныша примерно составляет 25% в крови, 1% в лимфе и около 70% в кишечнике. Несомненно, что лейкоциты молозива имеют исключительное значение в создании иммунитета у новорожденных животных. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The functioning of the secretory organs is closely related to the activity of the immune system. As is well known, this participation is manifested in the fact that at certain stages of activity, the lymphoid cells migrating to the organ can be involved in the regulation of secretion. In addition, the products of the immune system and even its cellular elements can become components of a number of secrets. Colostrum and milk contain a large number of cells of a wide spectrum (up to 1/3 of the volume), of which the number of lymphocytes is up to 16% of leukocytes. Lymphocytes, in an immunologically active form, entering the newborn’s body with colostrum, activate the cellular immunity system. The transport of lymphokinin mediators plays a certain role in this process. Microphages, T- and B-lymphocytes, penetrating through the intercellular spaces into the lymphoid layer of the intestine, transmit immunoreceptors to the prolymphocytes of the newborn, "armed" with their activity to recognize genetically foreign ones. The lymphocytes contained in colostrum are the cells of the immune system that provide cellular and humoral immunity. They are mainly represented by T-cells, B-cells and killer cells. Milk T-cells produce a full spectrum of immune regulatory proteins such as interferon, tumor necrosis factor alpha. These cells are the cells of the immune memory. Newborns who received the first portion of colostrum no later than an hour after birth are characterized by an increased number of leukocytes, more pronounced phagocytosis, which indicates the stimulation of hemo- and lymphocytosis. When carrying out transmission and scanning electron microscopy in the epithelial layer of the intestine, cellular elements were found that got there from the intestinal lumen. Microsections show how cells of a lymphoid nature, pushing apart the structures of the epithelial layer, bypass natural barriers and, at the same time, retain their physiological usefulness. The possibility of penetration of immunocompetent cells of the mother’s colostrum into the bloodstream of the young is proved using the natural label of the female’s cells – sex chromatin. Naturally, sex chromatin-labeled cells were sought in male newborns. The detection of colostrum cells in the intestinal wall and bloodstream of the young is approximately 25% in the blood, 1% in the lymph, and about 70% in the intestine. There is no doubt that the leukocytes of colostrum are of exceptional importance in creating immunity in newborn animals. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лимфоциты</kwd><kwd>молоко</kwd><kwd>молозиво</kwd><kwd>иммунологическая память</kwd><kwd>Х-хромосома</kwd><kwd>половой хроматин</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lymphocytes</kwd><kwd>milk</kwd><kwd>colostrum</kwd><kwd>immunological memory</kwd><kwd>X chromosome</kwd><kwd>sex chromatin</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dementyeva Yu.N. Immunological aspects of breastfeeding. Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics, 2015. Vol. 60, no. 4, pp. 19-24. 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