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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-ROT-2355</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-2425</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕРИАЛЫ ФОРУМА "ДНИ ИММУНОЛОГИИ В СПБ" 2021</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>КЛЕТОЧНЫЙ ИММУНИТЕТЕ И ЕГО РОЛЬ В ПАТОГЕНЕЗЕ УШИБА ГОЛОВНОГО МОЗГА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ROLE OF THE CELLULAR IMMUNITY IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF BRAIN CONTUSION</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Норка</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Norka</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ординатор кафедры неанотологии с курсами неврологии и акушерства-гинекологии ФП и ДПО, 197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, 6-8;</p><p>старший лаборант кафедры иммунологии, Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Resident, Department of Neonatology with Courses of Neurology and Obstetrics-Gynecology, Faculty of Continuing Education and Professional Training, 197022, St. Petersburg, L. Tolstoy str., 6-8;</p><p>Senior Laboratory Assistant, Department of Immunology, St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">norka-anna@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воробьев</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorobyev</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>профессор кафедры клинической лабораторной диагностики;</p><p>д.м.н., главный научный сотрудник научно-исследовательской лаборатории неврологии и нейрореабилитации,</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Professor, Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, </p><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Chief Research Associate, Research Laboratory of Neurology and Neurorehabilitation, </p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>Р. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>R. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент кафедры иммунологии; </p><p>врач аллерголог-иммунолог Медицинского центра,</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Associate Professor, Department of Immunology;</p><p>Allergist-Immunologist, Medical Centre, </p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Серебрякова</surname><given-names>М. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Serebriakova</surname><given-names>M. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант, научный сотрудник отдела иммунологии,</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate Student, Research Associate, Department of Immunology,</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудрявцев</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudryavtsev</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., старший научный сотрудник отдела иммунологии;</p><p>доцент кафедры иммунологии, </p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Senior Research Associate, Department of Immunology;</p><p>Associate Professor, Department of Immunology,</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коваленко</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalenko</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>преподаватель кафедры нейрохиругии,</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lecturer, Department of Neurosurgery, </p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет»&#13;
Министерства здравоохранения РФ;&#13;
ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова» Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University;&#13;
First St. Petersburg State I. Pavlov Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет»&#13;
Министерства здравоохранения РФ;&#13;
ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр имени В.А. Алмазова» Министерства&#13;
здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University;&#13;
V. Almazov National Medical Research Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова» Министерства здравоохранения РФ;&#13;
ФБУН «Научно-исследовательский интситут эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Пастера»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>First St. Petersburg State I. Pavlov Medical University;&#13;
St. Petersburg Pasteur Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Институт экспериментальной медицины»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Experimental Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Институт экспериментальной медицины»;&#13;
ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова» Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Experimental Medicine;&#13;
First St. Petersburg State I. Pavlov Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБВОУ ВО «Военно-медицинская академия имени С.М. Кирова» Министерства обороны РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>S. Kirov Military Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>10</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>825</fpage><lpage>830</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Норка А.О., Воробьев С.В., Кузнецова Р.Н., Серебрякова М.К., Кудрявцев И.В., Коваленко С.Н., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Норка А.О., Воробьев С.В., Кузнецова Р.Н., Серебрякова М.К., Кудрявцев И.В., Коваленко С.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Norka A.O., Vorobyev S.V., Kuznetsova R.N., Serebriakova M.K., Kudryavtsev I.V., Kovalenko S.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2425">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2425</self-uri><abstract><p>Черепно-мозговая травма (ЧМТ) является одной из наиболее распространенных патологий центральной нервной системы в мире, а применение методов структурной нейровизуализации – компьютерной томографии (КТ) и магнитно-резонансной томографии (МРТ) – зачастую не позволяет оценить тяжесть, полученной при травме головного мозга. Это предопределяет необходимость поиска новых методов дифференциальной диагностики степени тяжести и прогнозирования риска последствий. Одно из таких перспективных направлений является изучение иммунного статуса, так как черепно-мозговая травма характеризуется высокой частотой осложнений.</p><p>Помимо этого известно, что тяжесть при ЧМТ в значительной степени определяется вовлеченностью иммунокомпетентных клеток. Реакции со стороны иммунной системы, которые развиваются после травмы мозга и, возможно, направлены против собственных антигенов, в раннем периоде заболевания имеют отношение к повреждению нервной ткани. Однако, по последним имеющимся данным, впоследствии способны стимулировать процессы репарации и регенерации в ткани головного мозга. При повреждении нервной ткани в ответ на эндогенные молекулы, которые образуются при разрушении клеток и внеклеточного матрикса, будут активироваться клетки иммунной системы.</p><p>Современные данные указывают, что Т-клетки иммунной системы играют роль как в формировании вторичных повреждений, так и в механизмах восстановления. Они способны защищать нейроны посредством продукции нейротрофических факторов, таких как нейротрофический фактор мозга (BDNF), который стимулирует рост нейронов и формирование синапсов. С помощью многоцветного цитофлуометрического анализа было проведено исследование по определению количества основных субпопуляций лимфоцитов среди CD45RA-negative CD3+CD4+-клеток. Относительное количество Th17 (CXCR5- CXCR3- CCR6+CCR4- ) и Th17/Th22 (CXCR5- CXCR3- CCR6+CCR4+), Th1/Th17 (CXCR5- CXCR3+CCR6+CCR4- ) среди общего количества CD45RA-negative CD3+CD4+-клеток у пациентов с ушибом головного мозга достоверно повышено в сравнении со значениями в контрольной группе в свою очередь, а относительное количество Th1 (CXCR5- CXCR3+CCR6- CCR4- ) среди общего количества CD45RA-negative CD3+CD4+Т-клеток достоверно снижено в сравнении со значениями в контрольной группе. Полученные к настоящему времени результаты позволяют рассматривать иммунные ответы среди ключевых звеньев патогенеза ушиба головного мозга. И, возможно, комплексное иммунологическое обследование пострадавших в первые сутки после травмы позволит определить параметры, которые помогут прогнозировать характер возможных осложнений у пациентов с ушибом головного мозга. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most common pathologies of the central nervous system in the world, and the use of structural neuroimaging methods – computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) – often doesn’t allow assessment of the severity of the brain injury that has occurred. This situation predetermines the need to search for new methods of differential diagnosis of the severity of TBI and predicting the risk of consequences.</p><p>One of these promising areas is the study of the immune status, since traumatic brain injury is characterized by a high rate of complications.</p><p>One of these promising areas is the study of the immune status in patients with TBI in the acute period. It is now known that in response to brain damage, a response from the immune system is triggered.</p><p>The reactions from the immune system, which develop after brain injury and directed against its own antigens, in the early period of the disease are related to damage to the nervous tissue. However, according to the latest available data, they are subsequently able to stimulate the processes of repair and regeneration in the brain tissue. In the course of damage to the nervous tissue, in response to endogenous molecules formed during the destruction of cells and the extracellular matrix, the cells of the immune system are activated.</p><p>Current evidence indicates that T-cells play a role in both the formation of secondary damage and repair mechanisms. They are able to protect neurons through the production of neurotrophic factors such as brain neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which stimulates the growth of neurons, the formation of synapses.</p><p>Using multicolor cytometric analysis within the framework of this work, a study was carried out to determine the number of the main subpopulations of CD3+CD4+-lymphocytes. The relative number of Th17 (CXCR5- CXCR3- CCR6+CCR4- ) and Th17/Th22 (CXCR5- CXCR3- CCR6+CCR4+), Th1/Th17 (CXCR5- CXCR3+CCR6+CCR4- ) among total CD45RA-negative CD3+CD4+-cells population is significantly increased in comparison with the values in the control group, in turn, the Th1(CXCR5- CXCR3+CCR6- CCR4- ) subpopulations among total CD45RA-negative CD3+CD4+-cells are significantly decreased with the values in the control group. The results obtained so far make it possible to consider immune responses among the key links in the pathogenesis of brain contusion TBI. And, perhaps, a comprehensive immunological examination of the victims in the first day after the injury will determine the parameters that will help predict the nature of possible complications in patients with brain contusion. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>черепно-мозговая травма</kwd><kwd>проточная цитометрия</kwd><kwd>ушиб головного мозга</kwd><kwd>воспаление</kwd><kwd>клеточное звено системы иммунитета</kwd><kwd>субпопуляции CD3+CD4+-лимфоцитов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>traumatic brain injury (TBI)</kwd><kwd>flow cytometry</kwd><kwd>contusion</kwd><kwd>inflammatory</kwd><kwd>cellular immune status</kwd><kwd>subpopulations of CD3+CD4+-lymphocytes</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Afzali B., Lombardi G., Lecher R.I., Lord G.M. 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