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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-ELE-2255</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-2422</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕРИАЛЫ ФОРУМА "ДНИ ИММУНОЛОГИИ В СПБ" 2021</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ЛОКАЛЬНОЙ ЭКСПРЕССИИ мРНК ГЕНОВ МЕДИАТОРОВ ВОСПАЛЕНИЯ В МОДЕЛИ АТРОФИИ РЕТИНАЛЬНОГО ПИГМЕНТНОГО ЭПИТЕЛИЯ И ДЕГЕНЕРАЦИИ СЕТЧАТКИ, ИНДУЦИРОВАННОЙ СУБРЕТИНАЛЬНЫМ ВВЕДЕНИЕМ ФИЗИОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО РАСТВОРА В ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТЕ У КРОЛИКОВ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>EXAMINING LOCALLY EXPRESSED mRNA OF INFLAMMATORY MEDIATOR GENES IN A MODEL OF RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM ATROPHY AND RETINAL DEGENERATION INDUCED BY SUBRETINAL SALINE INJECTION IN RABBITS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нероев</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Neroev</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, академик РАН, директор,</p><p>105062, Москва, ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, 14/19</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Full Member, Russian Academy of Sciences, Director,</p><p>105062, Moscow, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya str., 14/19</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балацкая</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balatskaya</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., ведущий научный сотрудник, начальник отдела иммунологии и вирусологии,</p><p>105062, Москва, ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, 14/19</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Leading Research Associate, Head, Department of Immunology and Virology,</p><p>105062, Moscow, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya str., 14/19</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">balnat07@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Светлова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Svetlova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-вирусолог отдела иммунологии и вирусологии,</p><p>105062, Москва, ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, 14/19</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Virologist, Department of Immunology and Virology, </p><p>105062, Moscow, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya str., 14/19</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нероева</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Neroeva</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., научный сотрудник отдела патологии сетчатки и зрительного нерва,</p><p>105062, Москва, ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, 14/19</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Research Associate, Department of Pathology of the Retina and Optic Nerve,  </p><p>105062, Moscow, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya str., 14/19</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Илюхин</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilyukhin</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., научный сотрудник отдела патологии сетчатки и зрительного нерва,</p><p>105062, Москва, ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, 14/19</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Researche Associate, Department of Pathology of the Retina and Optic Nerve,</p><p>105062, Moscow, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya str., 14/19</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рябина</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryabina</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник отдела патологии сетчатки и зрительного нерва,</p><p>105062, Москва, ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, 14/19</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Senior Research Associate, Department of Pathology of the Retina and Optic Nerve,</p><p>105062, Moscow, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya str., 14/19</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кармокова</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karmokova</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант отдела патологии сетчатки и зрительного нерва,</p><p>105062, Москва, ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, 14/19</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate Student, Research Associate, Department of Pathology of the Retina and Optic Nerve,</p><p>105062, Moscow, Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya str., 14/19</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр глазных болезней имени Гельмгольца» Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>10</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>813</fpage><lpage>818</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Нероев В.В., Балацкая Н.В., Светлова Е.В., Нероева Н.В., Илюхин П.А., Рябина М.В., Кармокова А.Г., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Нероев В.В., Балацкая Н.В., Светлова Е.В., Нероева Н.В., Илюхин П.А., Рябина М.В., Кармокова А.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Neroev V.V., Balatskaya N.V., Svetlova E.V., Neroeva N.V., Ilyukhin P.A., Ryabina M.V., Karmokova A.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2422">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2422</self-uri><abstract><p>Дегенеративно-дистрофические заболевания сетчатки, в частности возрастная макулярная дегенерация (ВМД), в настоящее время считаются ведущей причиной слепоты и слабовидения в развитых странах, имеют тенденцию к неуклонному росту. В публикациях последних лет представлены доказательства участия воспалительных механизмов в развитии и прогрессировании ВМД, расшифрованных благодаря успехам в области исследований врожденного и адаптивного иммунитета. Однако иммунопатогенез атрофической формы ВМД – «географической атрофии» (ГА) остается практически неизученным. Целью работы явилось исследование локальной экспрессии мРНК воспалительных цитокинов IL-1β, IL-18, CCL2/MCP-1 в модели атрофии РПЭ, индуцированной субретинальным введением 0,9%-ного раствора хлорида натрия в эксперименте у кроликов. Исследования выполнены в образцах тканевого комплекса сетчатки-РПЭ-хориоидеи (ТК), выделенного из глаз 23 кроликов породы новозеландских альбиносов, на которых моделировалась атрофия РПЭ путем субретинального введения 0,9%-ного раствора хлорида натрия, и 5 здоровых кроликов без глазных поражений. Животным опытной и контрольной групп за неделю до оперативного вмешательства, в раннем периоде, в сроки формирования устойчивой атрофии (РПЭ) проводились оптическая когерентная томография (ОКТ) и аутофлюоресценция глазного дна (АФ). Оценка уровней экспрессии генов провоспалительных цитокинов в ТК выполнялась методом ОТ-ПЦР. Показано, что субретинальное введение 0,01 мл 0,9%-ного раствора хлорида натрия, индуцирующее развитие атрофии РПЭ у кроликов в эксперименте, ассоциируется с разнонаправленными изменениями экспрессии mRNA генов IL-1β, IL-18, МСР-1/CCL2 относительно нормы. Охарактеризованы три типа ответа в тканевом комплексе хориоидея / РПЭ / сетчатка, формируемые во время развития атрофических изменений и определяемые величиной локальной экспрессии генов цитокинов: 1) гипо/ареактивность – снижение/отсутствие экспресии; 2) нормореактивность – умеренное повышение; 3) гиперреактивность – гиперэкспрессия. У 69,6% животных при формировании устойчивой атрофии отмечалось повышение (от умеренного до гиперответа) локальной экспрессии mRNA МСР-1/CCL2, а в трети случаев – значительное усиление экспрессии mRNA IL-1β – факторов, повреждающих гематоретинальный барьер и способствующих нарушению иммунной привилегии заднего отрезка глаза. Полученные данные могут быть полезны в изучении различных видов атрофии РПЭ и при разработке новых стратегий лечения офтальмопатологии, в доклинических исследованиях. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Degenerative-dystrophic retinal diseases, particularly age-related macular degeneration (AMD), are now considered to be the lead cause of blindness and low vision in developed countries, with a steadily increasing trend. Recent publications provide evidence for the involvement of inflammatory mechanisms in TMD development and progression unveiled due to advances in innate and adaptive immunity research. However, the immunopathogenesis of atrophic AMD form, “geographic atrophy” (GA) remains largely unstudied. Objective: to investigate local mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-18, CCL2/MCP-1 in a model of RPE atrophy induced after subretinal injection of 0.9% sodium chloride solution in experimental rabbits. The investigation was carried out in tissue complex retina-RPE-choroid (TC) samples isolated from eyes of 23 albino New Zealand rabbits after modeling RPE atrophy by subretinal injection of 0.9% sodium chloride solution and 5 healthy rabbits lacking eye lesions. Animals in the experimental group (one week before surgical intervention, in the early period, and in the period of sustained RPE atrophy formation) and controls were subjected to optical coherence tomography (OCT) and ocular fundus autofluorescence (FAF). Evaluation of proinflammatory cytokine gene expression levels in TC was performed by RT-PCR. Results. Subretinal injection of 0.01 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution induced experimental RPE atrophy development in rabbits vs. control that was associated with multidirectional changes of IL-1β, IL-18, MCP-1/CCL2 gene mRNA expression. Three types of response in the TC, formed during development of atrophic changes and determined by the value of local cytokine gene expression were characterized: 1) hypo/ no response – decreased/no expression; 2) normal response – moderate increase; 3) hyper response – overexpression. 69.6% of animals with persistent atrophy had a moderate to hypertrophic increase in locally expressed mRNA MCP-1/CCL2, whereas 30% cases had significantly increased IL-1β mRNA expression – factors damaging the blood-retinal barrier and contributing to posterior segment immune privilege. It should be taken into account while developing new strategies for treatment of ophthalmic pathology, in particular the currently actively studied and tested options for RPE stem cell transplantation into subretinal space. The data obtained may be useful to investigate various types of RPE atrophy and develop new strategies of ophthalmopathology treatment in preclinical studies. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ВМД</kwd><kwd>атрофия ретинального пигментного эпителия</kwd><kwd>комплекс «сетчатка – хориоидея»</kwd><kwd>провоспалительные цитокины</kwd><kwd>экспрессия генов</kwd><kwd>ОТ-ПЦР</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>AMD</kwd><kwd>atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium</kwd><kwd>retina-choroid complex</kwd><kwd>proinflammatory cytokines</kwd><kwd>gene expression</kwd><kwd>RT-PCR</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abe T., Sugano E., Saigo Y., Tamai M. Interleukin-1beta and barrier function of retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19): Abberant expression of junctional complex molecules. Investigative. Ophthalmol. Vis. 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