mimmunМедицинская иммунологияMedical Immunology (Russia)1563-06252313-741XSPb RAACI10.15789/1563-0625-MSA-2391mimmun-2391Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИORIGINAL ARTICLESСубпопуляционный состав мононуклеаров и цитокиновый профиль венозной и капиллярной крови больных псориазом и здоровых людейMononuclear subsets and cytokine profile of venous and capillary blood in patients with psoriasis and healthy peopleСенниковаС. В.SennikovaS. V.

Елена Леонидовна Семикина – аспирант лаборатории цитокинов

Москва

Svetlana V. Sennikova - Postgraduate Student, Laboratory of Cytokines.

Moscow

drsennikova@mail.ruТоптыгинаА. П.ToptyginaA. P.

Топтыгина Анна Павловна – доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, руководитель лаборатории цитокинов МНИИЭМ осковский научно-исследовательский; профессор кафедры иммунологии МГУ имени М.В. Ломоносова.

125212, Москва, ул. Адмирала Макарова, 10. Тел.: 8 (495) 452-18-01

Toptygina Anna P. - PhD, MD (Medicine), Leading Research Associate, Head, Laboratory of Cytokines, G.N. Gabrichevsky R IEM; Professor, Department of Immunology, M. Lomonosov MSU.

125212, Moscow, Admiral Makarov str., 10. Phone: 7 (495) 452-18-01

toptyginaanna@rambler.ruСемикинаЕ. Л.SemikinaE. L.

Светлана Валерьевна Сенникова – доктор медицинских наук, главный научный сотрудник, заведующая централизованной клиникодиагностической лабораторией НМИЦ; профессор кафедры педиатрии и детской ревматологии № 1 Первый МГМУ имени И.М. Сеченова.

Москва

PhD, MD (Medicine), Chief Research Associate, Head, Central Diagnostic Laboratory, Federal State Autonomous Institution "National Medical Research Center of Children's Health" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Professor, Department of Pediatrics No. 1, I. Sechenov First MSMU.

Moscow

semikinaelena@yandex.ruЗакировР. Ш.ZakirovR. Sh.

Рустам Шакирович Закиров – врач клинческой лабораторной диагностики централизованной клиникодиагностической лаборатории НМИЦ здоровья детей.

Москва

Rustam Sh. Zakirov - Doctor of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Centralized Diagnostic Laboratory.

Moscow

biochemik@bk.ruАкуловаС. С.AkulovaS. S.

Светлана Сергеевна Акулова – кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории экспериментальной иммунологии и вирусологии.

Москва

Svetlana S. Akulova - PhD (Medicine), Senior Research Associate, Laboratory for Experimental Immunology and Virology.

Moscow

docsvetlana@rambler.ruФБУН Московский научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Г.Н. Габричевского РоспотребнадзораРоссияG.N. Gabrichevsky Research Institute for Epidemiology and MicrobiologyRussian FederationФБУН Московский научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Г.Н. Габричевского Роспотребнадзора; ФГБОУ ВО Московский государственный университет имени М.В. ЛомоносоваРоссияG.N. Gabrichevsky Research Institute for Epidemiology and Microbiology; M. Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian FederationФГАУ Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей Министерства здравоохранения РФ; ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения РФРоссияFederal State Autonomous Institution National Medical Research Center of Children's Health of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; I. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityRussian FederationФБУН Московский научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Г.Н. Габричевского РоспотребнадзораРоссияFederal State Autonomous Institution National Medical Research Center of Children's Health of the Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationRussian Federation20211712202123613331346Copyright © Сенникова С.В., Топтыгина А.П., Семикина Е.Л., Закиров Р.Ш., Акулова С.С., 20212021Сенникова С.В., Топтыгина А.П., Семикина Е.Л., Закиров Р.Ш., Акулова С.С.Sennikova S.V., Toptygina A.P., Semikina E.L., Zakirov R.S., Akulova S.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2391

Псориаз считается аутоиммунным заболеванием с преимущественно клеточным механизмом реализации патологии. Исследования иммунопатогенеза псориаза сделаны либо на модельных животных, а это не совсем то же самое, что и у человека, либо данные получены методом кожного окна у пациентов, что травматично, или исследуя венозную кровь, но в венозной крови трудно вычленить параметры местного иммунного ответа. Нами была предпринята попытка найти удобный, как для пациента, так и для исследователя, и адекватный способ оценки местных иммунных процессов, происходящих в пораженной псориазом коже. Были обследованы 20 пациентов с верифицированным диагнозом псориаз, средний возраст составил 44,3 года. В контрольную группу вошли 15 практически здоровых взрослых, средний возраст 46,6 года. Капиллярную кровь брали из пальца руки, а у псориатических больных вблизи очага с клиническими проявлениями в конечном объеме 400 мкл в две микроветы. Венозную кровь забирали из локтевой вены в вакуумную пробирку с ЭДТА в объеме 3 мл. Клинический анализ венозной и капиллярной крови производили на гематологическом автоматизированном анализаторе. Иммунофенотипирование проводили путем четырехцветного окрашивания цельной капиллярной и венозной крови с последующим лизированием эритроцитов. Цитофлюорометрию проводили с использованием технологии и реактивов BD Biosciences (США). Цитокины в плазме крови определяли мультиплексным методом (MagPix, BioRad, США). В клиническом анализе крови разницы между капиллярной и венозной кровью ни в группе здоровых, ни в группе больных псориазом выявлено не было. У здоровых людей субпопуляционный состав мононуклеаров, как в венозной, так и в капиллярной крови не различался. У больных псориазом выявлены значимые повышения как в капиллярной, так и в венозной крови, уровней дважды положительных лимфоцитов (CD45RA+/CD45R0+), В-лимфоцитов и NKT-лимфоцитов как в процентном, так и в абсолютном выражении. В капиллярной крови больных псориазом отмечается значимое повышение процента наивных Т-лимфоцитов, активированных хелперов (Thact) и Treg, а также В1-клеток и Breg и значимое снижение В2-лимфоцитов. В венозной крови псориатических больных выявлено только значимое повышение Thact, Treg и Breg. В капиллярной крови больных псориазом обнаружено значимое повышение уровней не классических М2-моноцитов и воспалительных Minfl моноцитов и снижение уровня классических М1-моноцитов, в венозной крови псориатических больных выявлено только повышение воспалительных Minfl моноцитов. В капиллярной крови уровни всех исследованных цитокинов больных псориазом значимо превышают уровни соответствующих цитокинов в группе здоровых, за исключением IL-10, уровень которого не отличался от группы здоровых. В венозной крови уровни большинства исследованных цитокинов в группе больных псориазом не отличались от группы здоровых. Исключение составили повышение примерно в 2 раза цитокинов: IL-4, IL-21, IL-23 и TNF. Cубпопуляционный состав мононуклеаров и цитокиновый профиль капиллярной и венозной крови здоровых людей значимо не различаются. Предложенный нами метод определения субпопуляционного состава мононуклеаров и профиля цитокинов капиллярной крови из зоны псориатического поражения можно использовать для мониторинга местного иммунитета у больных псориазом. Он существенно менее травматичный, чем метод кожного окна, и более информативный, чем исследование венозной крови.

Psoriasis is considered an autoimmune disease with a predominantly cellular mechanism for the development of disorder. Studies in immune pathogenesis of psoriasis were performed either in animal model, which is not just similar to humans, or the data were obtained in patients by means of skin window method, which is traumatic, or by examining venous blood. However, it is difficult to discern parameters of the local immune response in venous blood samples. We have attempted to find an adequate method which would be convenient both for the patient and for the researcher, in order to assess local immune processes occurring in the skin affected by psoriasis. We examined 20 patients with a verified diagnosis of psoriasis, the average age was 44.3 years. The control group included 15 healthy adults, with average age of 46.6 years. Capillary blood was taken by fingerprick, whereas, in psoriatic patients, the samples were taken near the psoriatic lesion at a final volume of 400 μL in two microvettes. Venous blood (3 mL) was taken from the cubital vein into a vacuum tube with EDTA. Clinical analysis of venous and capillary blood was performed in automated hematological analyzer. Immunophenotyping was performed by four-color staining of whole capillary and venous blood followed by lysis of erythrocytes. Cytofluorometry was performed using techniques and reagents from BD Biosciences (USA). Plasma cytokines were determined by multiplex approach (MagPix, BioRad, USA). Upon clinical analysis of blood, the difference between capillary and venous blood was not found, either in healthy group, or among patients with psoriasis. In healthy people, the subsets of mononuclear cells, did not differ between venous and capillary blood. The samples of capillary and venous blood in the patients with psoriasis showed significantly increased levels of double-positive lymphocytes (CD45RA+/CD45R0+), B lymphocytes and NKT lymphocytes (both for relative and and absolute values). A significant increase in the percentage of naive T lymphocytes, activated helpers (Thact) and Treg, as well as B1 cells and Breg, and a significant decrease in B2 lymphocytes was registered in capillary blood of the patients with psoriasis. In venous blood samples from psoriatic patients, only a significant increase in Thact, Treg, and Breg was revealed. In the capillary blood of patients with psoriasis, we found a significant increase in the levels of non-classical M2 monocytes and inflammatory Minfl monocytes, and a decrease in classical M1 monocyte levels; in venous blood of psoriatic patients, only an increase in inflammatory Minfl monocytes was revealed. In capillary blood, all the studied cytokines in psoriasis patients significantly exceeded the levels of corresponding cytokines in healthy controls, except of IL-10. The levels of this cytokine did not differ from healthy group. In venous blood, the levels of most studied cytokines in the group of patients with psoriasis did not differ from the group of healthy ones. Approximately two-fold increase was revealed for IL-4, IL-21, IL-23 and TNF. First, the subsets of mononuclear cells and the cytokine profile of capillary and venous blood of healthy people did not differ significantly. Secondly, our proposed method for determining the subsets of mononuclear cells and capillary blood cytokines profile from the area of psoriatic lesions may be used to monitor local immunity in the patients with psoriasis. This approach is significantly less traumatic than the skin window method and more informative than the studies of venous blood.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.