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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-EOT-2390</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-2390</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние аэротоксикантов на выброс цитокинов лейкоцитами при хронических обструктивных заболеваниях легких</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effect of toxic air pollutants on the cytokine release by leukocytes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8755-7482</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ищенко</surname><given-names>O. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ishchanka</surname><given-names>A. U.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ищенко Оксана Владимировна – доктор медицинских наук, доцент, профессор кафедры клинической иммунологии и аллергологии с курсом ФПК и ПК</p><p>210009, г. Витебск, пр. Фрунзе, 112, корп. 4, кв. 19</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ishchanka Aksana U., PhD, MD (Medicine), Associate Professor, Professor, Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology</p><p>210009, Vitebsk, Frunze ave., 112, bldg 4, apt 19</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oksana_is200272@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>УО «Витебский государственный ордена Дружбы народов медицинский университет»</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vitebsk State Medical University</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>1237</fpage><lpage>1248</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ищенко O.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ищенко O.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ishchanka A.U.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2390">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2390</self-uri><abstract><p>Хронический воспалительный процесс при обструктивных заболеваниях легких, развивается у генетически предрасположенных лиц при длительном или массивном воздействии аллергенов или аэротоксикантов. В результате такого действия происходит гиперактивация системы иммунитета и, как следствие, неконтролируемый воспалительный ответ. Целью исследования было определение уровня цитокинов в надосадочной жидкости после инкубации лейкоцитов пациентов с ХОБЛ и бронхиальной астмой с аэротоксикантами: раствором сигаретного дыма, водного экстракта табака сигарет и раствора выхлопных газов двигателя внутреннего сгорания. Цитокины определяли методом ИФА в надосадосной жидкости после инкубации лейкоцитов периферической венозной крови с аэротоксикантами. Для исследования, через двое суток после окончания инфузионной терапии глюкокортикостероидами, периферическую венозную кровь 10 мл пациентов забирали в пробирку с гепарином. После отстаивания крови, удаляли плазму с лейкоцитами, центрифугировали 1500 об/мин. Осадок лейкоцитов разводили стерильным физиологическим раствором до консистенции 2 млн клеток на 1 мл раствора. Один образец лейкосуспензии каждого пациента разделяли на 4 лунки планшета по 100 мкл. В три лунки добавляли равный объем модельных растворов, имитирующих действие токсикантов. В четвертую – стерильный физиологический раствор хлорида натрия (спонтанная реакция). Смесь выдерживали при 37 °С 45 мин. Центрифугировали на планшетной центрифуге в течение 10 мин. Для ИФА анализа из каждой лунки планшета 50 мкл надосадочной жидкости переносили в лунку другого планшета и маркировали тем же номером. В результате исследования было обнаружено, что растворы сигаретного дыма и выхлопных газов вызывали выброс IL-1β лейкоцитами у больных бронхиальной астмой и ХОБЛ, но не в контрольной группе здоровых лиц. Наблюдали спонтанное увеличение уровня IL-1β у пациентов с бронхиальной астмой. Раствор экстракта сигарет вызывал повышение уровня TNFα в надосадочной жидкости у больных ХОБЛ. При воздействии раствором выхлопных газов выявлено повышение уровня TGF-β у больных бронхиальной астмой по сравнению со спонтанной активацией (р &lt; 0,05), а также повышение уровня IFNγ у больных ХОБЛ по сравнению с контрольной группой (р &lt; 0,05). Не выявлено статистически значимых изменений уровней IL-6, IL-2, IL-4, IL-12, IFNα при воздействии аэротоксикантов на лейкоциты больных ХОБЛ, бронхиальной астмой и здоровых лиц.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Chronic inflammation in obstructive pulmonary disease develops in genetically predisposed individuals with prolonged or massive exposure to allergens or toxic air pollutants. This effect leads to hyperactivation of immune system and development of uncontrolled inflammatory response. The aim of the study was to determine the level of cytokines in the supernatant of leukocytes from the patients with COPD and asthma following incubation with air toxicants, i.e., a solution of cigarette smoke, an extract of cigarette tobacco, or a solution of exhaust combustion gases. The cytokines were determined by ELISA in the supernatants following exposure of peripheral venous blood leukocytes to the toxicants. To perform the assays, 10-mL samples of peripheral venous blood from the patients were taken into the test tubes with heparin (20 U/mL) in the morning time, not earlier than 2 days after therapeutic infusions of glucocorticosteroids. After gravity sedimentation, the leukocyte-rich was removed, centrifuged at 1500 rpm, then the liquid was discarded, and the leukocyte pellets were diluted with buffered saline (2 106 cells/mL). Individual leukocyte suspensions were divided into 4 wells of an immunological plate, 100 μL each. Equal volumes of test solutions simulating the effect of toxicants were added to three wells. The fourth well contained sterile isotonic sodium chloride solution (negative control). The mixtures in plates were exposed for 45 min at 37 °C followed by centrifugation for 10 min at 1500 rpm. From each well, 50 μL of the supernatant was taken and transferred to the plate for ELISA assays (under the same number). As a result, we have found that the solutions of cigarette smoke and exhaust gases caused release of IL-1β by leukocytes in the patients with asthma and COPD, but not in the samples from control group of healthy volunteers. Spontaneous increase in the IL-1β level was registered in the patients with asthma. The cigarette extracts caused an increased release of TNFα in the supernatant fluid of the patients with COPD. Upon exposure to a solution of exhaust gases, an increased level of TGF-β was revealed in patients with asthma compared to spontaneous cell activation (p &lt; 0.05), as well as an increase in IFNγ contents in the patients with COPD as compared with control group (p &lt; 0.05). No statistically significant changes were revealed for the levels of IL-6, IL-2, IL-4, IL-12, IFNα upon exposure of air toxicants on the leukocytes of patients with COPD, asthma or healthy volunteers.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>цитокины</kwd><kwd>аэротоксиканты</kwd><kwd>ХОБЛ</kwd><kwd>бронхиальная астма</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cytokines</kwd><kwd>air toxicants</kwd><kwd>chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</kwd><kwd>asthma</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Галиев Р.С., Галиева С.А., Худобердиева Т.И. 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