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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-ION-2361</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-2361</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Дисбаланс субпопуляций NK-клеток и полиморфизмы генов провоспалительных цитокинов в патогенезе атеросклероза</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Imbalance of NK cell subpopulations and polymorphisms  of proinflammatory cytokine genes in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7493-7192</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тугуз</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tuguz</surname><given-names>A. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Д.б.н., заведующая иммуногенетической лабораторией, Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем</p><p>г. Майкоп, Республика Адыгея</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Biology), Head, Immunogenetic Laboratory, Research Institute of Complex Problems,</p><p>Maikop, Republic of Adygeya</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Lab_genetic@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9636-6311</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шумилов</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shumilov</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>К.б.н., старший научный сотрудник отдела медико-биологических проблем</p><p>385000, Республика Адыгея, г. Майкоп, ул. Первомайская, 208</p><p>Тел.: 8 (918) 420-85-88</p><p>Факс: 8 (8772) 57-02-73</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Senior Research Associate, Department of Biomedical Problems, Research Institute of Complex Problems</p><p>385000, Republic of Adygeya, Maikop, Pervomayskaya str., 208</p><p>Phone: 7 (918) 420-85-88</p><p>Fax: 7 (8772) 57-02-73</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lab_genetic@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4379-0634</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Муженя</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Muzhenya</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>К.б.н., доцент кафедры физиологии и общей патологии медицинского факультета</p><p>г. Майкоп, Республика Адыгея</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Associate Professor, Department of Physiology and General Pathology, Faculty of Medicine</p><p>Maikop, Republic of Adygeya</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Lab_genetic@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1179-8938</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лысенков</surname><given-names>С. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lysenkov</surname><given-names>S. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Д.м.н., профессор кафедры физиологии и общей патологии медицинского факультета</p><p>г. Майкоп, Республика Адыгея</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Department of Physiology and General Pathology, Faculty of Medicine</p><p>Maikop, Republic of Adygeya</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Lab_genetic@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8860-6191</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смольков</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smolkov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>К.б.н., Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем</p><p>г. Майкоп, Республика Адыгея</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Research Institute of Complex Problems</p><p>Maikop, Republic of Adygeya</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Lab_genetic@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8047-2443</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Татаркова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tatarkova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>К.б.н., старший научный сотрудник отдела медико-биологических проблем</p><p>г. Майкоп, Республика Адыгея</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Senior Research Associate, Department of Biomedical Problems, Research Institute of Complex Problems</p><p>Maikop, Republic of Adygeya</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Lab_genetic@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хацац</surname><given-names>Д. З.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khatsats</surname><given-names>D. Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Врач-терапевт</p><p>г. Майкоп, Республика Адыгея</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Medical Practitioner</p><p>Maikop, Republic of Adygeya</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0449-8240</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ашканова</surname><given-names>Т. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ashkanova</surname><given-names>T. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Врач-кардиолог</p><p>г. Майкоп, Республика Адыгея</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cardiologist</p><p>Maikop, Republic of Adygeya</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Lab_genetic@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Адыгейский государственный университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Adyghe State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Майкопский государственный технологический университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Maikop State Technological University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ РА «Адыгейская республиканская клиническая больница»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Adyghe Republican Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>135</fpage><lpage>146</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тугуз А.Р., Шумилов Д.С., Муженя Д.В., Лысенков С.П., Смольков И.В., Татаркова Е.А., Хацац Д.З., Ашканова Т.М., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тугуз А.Р., Шумилов Д.С., Муженя Д.В., Лысенков С.П., Смольков И.В., Татаркова Е.А., Хацац Д.З., Ашканова Т.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tuguz A.R., Shumilov D.S., Muzhenya D.V., Lysenkov S.P., Smolkov I.V., Tatarkova E.A., Khatsats D.Z., Ashkanova T.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2361">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2361</self-uri><abstract><p>Экспериментальные исследования патогенетических механизмов развития и течения атеросклероза с участием медиаторов иммунной системы, субпопуляций натуральных киллерных клеток направлены на выявление новых маркеров донозологической диагностики атеросклероза, прогноза течения и мишеней для эффективной таргетной терапии сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Цель – исследовать роль медиаторов острого и хронического воспаления IL-17А, IL-1â, TNFá и IL-4, соотношение CD56hiCD16-/CD56loCD16+ субпопуляций, натуральных киллеров в патогенезе коронарного атеросклероза с исходом в ишемическую болезнь сердца.</p><p>В работе использован комплексный подход, включающий иммунологические, молекулярно-генетические методы: выделение, культивирование мононуклеарных клеток периферической крови, постановку in vitro спонтанной и индуцированной продукции медиаторов иммунной системы, иммуноферментный анализ, цитотоксический тест, полимеразная цепная реакция, проточная цитометрия с моноклональными антителами (Beckman Coulter, США) к CD16, CD56 маркерам NK. Контингент обследованных лиц. В исследование включено 130 жителей Северного Кавказа, в том числе больные (n = 62) – пациенты кардиологического отделения Адыгейской республиканской клинической больницы с верифицированным диагнозом ишемической болезни сердца (ИБС) и контрольная группа (n = 68), представленная неродственными здоровыми донорами.</p><p>Экспериментально установлено, что носительство 511С аллели гена IL-1â (р &lt; 0,0004; OR = 4,67), А197А генотипа гена IL-17А (р &lt; 0,04; OR = 3,88), G308 SNP гена TNFá (р &lt; 0,01; OR = 3,41) и 589T варианта IL-4 (р &lt; 0,04; OR = 2,45) ассоциировано с гиперпродукцией медиаторов воспаления первой волны, повышающих риск развития ишемической болезни сердца. При атеросклерозе отмечено достоверное снижение спонтанной и индуцированной активности натуральных киллеров (NK), утилизирующих «пенистые клетки» – один из морфологических признаков атерогенеза. NK-активность мононуклеарных клеток периферической крови у больных ИБС по сравнению с контролем, достоверно снижена. У больных ИБС выявлен дисбаланс фенотипически и функционально различающихся CD56hiCD16-/CD56loCD16+ субпопуляций NK с преобладанием CD56hiCD16- фенотипа.</p><p>Иммуновоспалительные механизмы развития коронарного атеросклероза ассоциированы с единичными нуклеотидными заменами – полиморфизмами в промоторных регионах генов медиаторов острого и хронического воспаления IL-17A (G197A), IL-1â (T511C), TNFá (G308A). Генетически детерминированная оверэкспрессия IL-17A, IL-1â и TNFá, подтвержденная в экспериментах по оценке спонтанной и стимулированной продукции цитокинов у больных ИБС в сочетании со сниженной NK-активностью РВМС вследствие преобладания CD56hiCD16- субпопуляции, характеризующейся высокой продукцией цитокинов, проявляется повышением амплитуды провоспалительного компонента, запускающего и длительно поддерживающего патофизиологические процессы развития атеросклероза.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Understanding the pathogenetic mechanism of development and identifying trigger markers of the disease will significantly increase the efficiency of pre-nosological diagnosis and medical follow-up of patients. In this case, one should take into account the role of mutations in cytokine genes, which affect their biochemical activity and production level. The objective of the study was to investigate the role of mediators of acute and chronic inflammation (IL-17A, IL-1â, TNFá and IL-4), the ratio of natural killer cell subpopulations (CD56hiCD16-/CD56loCD16+) in pathogenesis of coronary atherosclerosis resulting into coronary heart disease.</p><p>To analyze the results, an integrated approach was used, including molecular genetic methods such as polymerase chain reaction, typing of single-nucleotide substitutions in cytokine genes, isolation and cultivation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, assessment of spontaneous and in vitro-induced production of immune system mediators, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, cytotoxic test, flow cytometry with monoclonal antibodies (Beckman Coulter, USA) to CD16, CD56 NK markers.</p><p>The study included 130 residents of the North Caucasus, including the patients (n = 62) treated at the Cardiology Department of the Adyghe Republican Clinical Hospital (ARCB) with a verified diagnosis of ischemic heart disease (IHD), and a control group (n = 68), represented by unrelated healthy donors.</p><p>Overexpression of cytokines in IHD patients was associated with distinct single nucleotide substitutions in certain genes. Studying a group of residents from the Republic of Adygeya, the authors experimentally established that harboring the 511C allele of the IL-1â gene (p &lt; 0.0004; OR = 4.67), A197A of the IL-17A gene genotype (p &lt; 0.04; OR = 3.88), G308 SNP of TNFá gene (p &lt; 0.01; OR = 3.41), and 589T variant of IL-4 gene (p &lt; 0.04; OR = 2.45) are associated with hyperproduction of the first-wave inflammatory mediators that increase the risk of developing ischemic heart disease. In atherosclerosis and associated cardiovascular diseases, we have noted a significant decrease in spontaneous and induced activity of natural killer cells involved in the utilization of “foamy cells”. The NK activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cell in patients with coronary heart disease is significantly reduced. In the IHD patients, an imbalance of phenotypically and functionally different CD56hiCD16-/CD56loCD16+ NK subpopulations with a predominance of CD56hiCD16- phenotype were revealed. Conclusions: Immuno-inflammatory mechanisms of evolving coronary atherosclerosis are associated with single-nucleotide substitutions, i.e., polymorphisms in the promoter regions of the IL-17A (G197A), IL-1 â (T511C), and TNFá (G308A), the known mediators of acute and chronic inflammation.</p><p>Genetically determined overexpression of IL-17A, IL-1â, and TNFá, confirmed in experiments on evaluation of spontaneous and stimulated cytokine production in patients with CHD, together with reduced NK activity of РВМС, due to predominance of CD56hiCD16-, a subpopulation with high cytokine production, manifested by an increased pro-inflammatory component that triggers and provides long-term support to pathophysiological processes of atherosclerosis.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>атеросклероз</kwd><kwd>ишемическая болезнь сердца</kwd><kwd>цитокины</kwd><kwd>натуральные киллеры</kwd><kwd>цитотоксичность</kwd><kwd>полиморфизмы генов цитокинов</kwd><kwd>IL-17A</kwd><kwd>IL-1 β</kwd><kwd>IL-4</kwd><kwd>TNF α</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>atherosclerosis</kwd><kwd>coronary artery disease</kwd><kwd>cytokines</kwd><kwd>natural killer cells</kwd><kwd>cytotoxicity</kwd><kwd>cytokine gene polymorphisms</kwd><kwd>IL-17A</kwd><kwd>IL-1 β</kwd><kwd>IL-4</kwd><kwd>TNF α</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дутова С.В., Саранчина Ю.В., Карпова М.Р., Килина О.Ю., Польша Н.Г., Кулакова Т.С., Ханарин Н.В., Цитокины и атеросклероз – новые направления исследований // Бюллетень сибирской медицины, 2018. 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