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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-ROA-2342</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-2342</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль мутации гена противомикробного пептида DEFB126 в патогенезе мужского идиопатического бесплодия</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Role of antimicrobial peptide DEFB126 mutation in pathogenesis of male idiopathic infertility</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6735-4693</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хасанова</surname><given-names>Е. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khasanova</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хасанова Елена Минсалимовна — ассистент кафедры иммунологии МБФ.</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1.</p><p>Тел.: 8 (916) 301-93-57.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena M. Khasanova - Assistant Professor, Department of Immunology, N. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University.</p><p>117997, Moscow, Ostrovityanov str., 1.</p><p>Phone: 7 (916) 301-93-57.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">joimolino@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1271-3078</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ганковская</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gankovskaya</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ганковская Людмила Викторовна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой иммунологии МБФ.</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyudmila V. Gankovskaya - PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Head, Department of Immunology, N. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University.</p><p>117997, Moscow, Ostrovityanov str., 1.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lvgan@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6249-8567</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бурмакина</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Burmakina</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бурмакина Валерия Владиславовна — студентка 5 курса МБФ.</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valeria V. Burmakina - Student, N. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University.</p><p>117997, Moscow, Ostrovityanov str., 1.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">leera.burmakina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>1115</fpage><lpage>1124</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хасанова Е.М., Ганковская Л.В., Бурмакина В.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хасанова Е.М., Ганковская Л.В., Бурмакина В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khasanova E.M., Gankovskaya L.V., Burmakina V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2342">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2342</self-uri><abstract><p>Мужское бесплодие является мультифакториальным заболеванием, и выявление этиопатогенетических механизмов, ведущих к его развитию, является актуальной проблемой. Часто установить причину снижения репродуктивной функции сперматозоидов не представляется возможным, что объясняет высокий процент постановки диагноза «идиопатическое бесплодие». Предполагается, что мутация гена противомикробного пептида семейства β-дефензинов DEFB126 негативно сказывается на оплодотворяющей способности сперматозоидов на разных уровнях: ухудшается их способность к миграции сквозь слой цервикальной слизи, снижается способность связываться с эпителием верхних отделов женского репродуктивного тракта, а также повышается подверженность инфекциям репродуктивного тракта ввиду нарушения местной защитной функции дефензинов. Таким образом, целью исследования явилось изучение роли полиморфного маркера rs11468374 гена противомикробного пептида DEFB126 в патогенезе мужского идиопатического бесплодия.</p><p>Выборка пациентов с нарушением репродуктивной функции включала 54 человека в возрасте от 34 до 42 лет, группу контроля составили 19 доноров эякулята без острых или хронических заболеваний в возрасте 28-36 лет. Проведено исследование уровней экспрессии гена DEFB126, проанализированы частоты распределения аллелей и генотипов полиморфного маркера rs11468374 среди мужчин московской популяции и ассоциация этих показателей с показателями подвижности сперматозоидов испытуемых.</p><p>Было показано снижение экспрессии гена DEFB126 в более чем семь раз у пациентов с бесплодием в сравнении с донорами группы контроля. Анализ распределения частот аллелей и генотипов по полиморфному маркеру rs11468374 гена DEFB126 выявил, что среди мужчин с бесплодием мутантный аллель встречается в почти два раза чаще в сравнении с контролем. Среди доноров группы сравнения мужчин с генотипом гена DEFB126 del/del выявлено не было, в то время как среди пациентов этот показатель составил 16,1%. Подвижность сперматозоидов пациентов с генотипом DEFB126 del/del была ниже нормы в 5,2 раза.</p><p>Таким образом, полученные нами данные могут быть использованы для углубления знаний о механизмах патогенеза мужского идиопатического бесплодия и совершенствования методов его диагностики, а также развития персонализированного подхода в терапии нарушения мужской репродуктивной функции. Показанная нами ассоциация носительства мутантного аллеля del и снижения уровня подвижности сперматозоидов пациентов свидетельствует о роли данного полиморфизма в патогенезе мужского бесплодия. Снижение уровня экспрессии гена DEFB126 в группе пациентов с бесплодием также подтверждает вклад дефензина в патогенез заболевания.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Male infertility is a multifactorial disease, and elucidation of etiopathogenetic mechanisms of its progression is a topical issue. High percentage of the “idiopathic infertility” diagnosis is largely cased by inability to establish etiology of decrease in reproductive spermatic function. Mutation of в-defensin DEFB126 gene is supposed to affect the fertilizing ability of spermatozoa at different levels: it may decrease their ability to migrate through the cervical mucus and reduce binding capacity to epithelial layer of upper female reproductive tract, and it may also increase susceptibility for infections of reproductive tract, due to impairment of local protective function of defensins. Thus, the aim of the present study was to examine possible role of rs11468374 gene polymorphism of the DEFB126 gene in pathogenesis of male idiopathic infertility. Patients and methods: The group of patient with decreased fertility included 54 male subjects, ages 34 to 42, with a control group of 19 ejaculate donors without acute or chronic disease aged 28 to 36. The indicators of sperm motility in the Moscow population were compared with individual levels of DEFB126 gene expression, as well as with estimated distribution frequency of rs11468374 alleles and genotypes among the subjects.</p><p>As compared with the control group, the infertile patients exhibited a more than seven-fold reduction of DEFB126 gene expression. Analysis of distribution frequency for alleles and genotypes rs11468374 polymorphic marker of the DEFB126 gene revealed that the mutant allele is detected almost twice as often in males with infertility, as compared with control group. No cases with the DEFB126 del/del genotype were found among the control group, in contrary to 16.1% in the group of patients. The patients with DEFB126 del/del genotype exhibited 5.2-fold reduction of sperm motility. Thus, the data obtained may be used to extend our knowledge on the pathogenetic mechanisms of male idiopathic infertility and to improve techniques for its diagnostics, as well as to provide personalized approach to the treatment of male reproductive disorders. The association between carriage of del mutant allele and decreased level of sperm motility suggests a role of this polymorphism in pathogenesis of male infertility. A general decrease in the level of DEFB126 gene expression in the patients affected by infertility also presumes a contribution of defensin 126 to pathogenesis of the disorder.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>противомикробный пептид</kwd><kwd>DEFB126</kwd><kwd>HBD126</kwd><kwd>аллельный полиморфизм</kwd><kwd>экспрессия генов</kwd><kwd>идиопатическое бесплодие</kwd><kwd>подвижность сперматозоидов</kwd><kwd>спермограмма</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>antimicrobial peptide</kwd><kwd>DEFB126</kwd><kwd>HBD126</kwd><kwd>gene polymorphism</kwd><kwd>gene expression</kwd><kwd>idiopathic infertility</kwd><kwd>sperm motility</kwd><kwd>spermogram</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы выражают благодарность Центру высокоточного редактирования и генетических технологий для биомедицины ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н.И. 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