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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mimmun</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская иммунология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Immunology (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-741X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/1563-0625-IOS-2248</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mimmun-2248</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕРИАЛЫ ФОРУМА "ДНИ ИММУНОЛОГИИ В СПБ" 2021</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ СПЕЦИФИЧЕСКОЙ ПРОФИЛАКТИКИ ХОЛЕРЫ С ПОМОЩЬЮ ИММУНОМОДУЛЯТОРОВ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>IMPROVEMENT OF SPECIFIC CHOLERA PREVENTION USING IMMUNOMODULATORS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1103-4244</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филиппенко</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Filippenko</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник лаборатории иммунологии ООИ,</p><p>344002, г. Ростов-на-Дону, ул. Максима Горького, 117/40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Research Associate, Laboratory of Immunology of Particularly Dangerous Infections,</p><p>344002, Rostov-on-Don, Maxim Gorky str., 117/40</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">filippenko.annushka@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5208-7724</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Омельченко</surname><given-names>Н. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Omelchenko</surname><given-names>N. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории иммунологии ООИ,</p><p>344002, г. Ростов-на-Дону, ул. Максима Горького, 117/40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Senior Research Associate, Laboratory of Immunology of Particularly Dangerous Infections, </p><p>344002, Rostov-on-Don, Maxim Gorky str., 117/40</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natalya.omelchenk0@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пасюкова</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pasyukova</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник, врио заведующего лабораторией экспериментальнобиологических моделей,</p><p>344002, г. Ростов-на-Дону, ул. Максима Горького, 117/40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Research Associate, Acting Head, Laboratory of Experimental Biological Models,</p><p>344002, Rostov-on-Don, Maxim Gorky str., 117/40</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">plague@aaanet.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4770-5994</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Труфанова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trufanova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник лаборатории иммунологии ООИ,</p><p>344002, г. Ростов-на-Дону, ул. Максима Горького, 117/40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Research Associate, Laboratory of Immunology of Particularly Dangerous Infections,</p><p>344002, Rostov-on-Don, Maxim Gorky str., 117/40</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">plague@aaanet.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7068-4071</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., ведущий научный сотрудник, врио заведующего лабораторией иммунологии ООИ,</p><p>344002, г. Ростов-на-Дону, ул. Максима Горького, 117/40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Leading Research Associate, Acting Head, Laboratory of Immunology of Particularly Dangerous Infections, </p><p>344002, Rostov-on-Don, Maxim Gorky str., 117/40</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivanova_ia@antiplague.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФКУЗ «Ростовский-на-Дону противочумный институт» Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Rostov-on-Don Plague Control Research Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>10</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>915</fpage><lpage>920</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Филиппенко А.В., Омельченко Н.Д., Пасюкова Н.И., Труфанова А.А., Иванова И.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Филиппенко А.В., Омельченко Н.Д., Пасюкова Н.И., Труфанова А.А., Иванова И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Filippenko A.V., Omelchenko N.D., Pasyukova N.I., Trufanova A.A., Ivanova I.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2248">https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2248</self-uri><abstract><p>Известно, что совместное использование вакцин, цитокинов и различных иммуномодулирующих препаратов способствует развитию полноценного иммунного ответа. Такой подход позволяет усилить иммуногенность современных вакцин и направить развитие иммунных реакций по гуморальному или клеточному типу в зависимости от свойств возбудителя той или иной болезни. Совершенствование профилактических средств за счет их сочетанного применения с цитокинами и иммуномодуляторами увеличивает напряженность иммунитета, повышает уровень продукции специфических иммуноглобулинов, протективность антигенов, а также снижает проявление побочных реакций, приводящих к поствакцинальным осложнениям.</p><p>Иммуномодуляторы уже успешно используются в препаратах, предназначенных для терапии и профилактики хронической герпетической инфекции и противогриппозной вакцине. Многочисленные экспериментальные и клинические данные свидетельствуют о положительном эффекте применения иммуномодулирующих препаратов при вакцинопрофилактике различных вирусных и бактериальных инфекций, в том числе и особо опасных.</p><p>Совершенствование специфической профилактики холеры может быть достигнуто за счет иммуномодулирующих средств, способных стимулировать формирование местного и системного иммунного ответа.</p><p>Нами проведена сравнительная оценка целесообразности сочетанного применения вакцины холерной бивалентной химической (ФКУЗ РосНИПЧИ «Микроб» Роспотребнадзора) и иммуномодуляторов с целью повышения эффективности вакцинопрофилактики холеры.</p><p>Так как холерная вакцина вызывает активацию гуморального иммунного ответа, оценивали выработку специфических иммуноглобулинов в организме привитых экспериментальных животных и влияние иммуномодуляторов на этот процесс в разные сроки поствакцинального периода.</p><p>Способность иммуномодуляторов повышать протективную активность холерной вакцины изучали, заражая животных вирулентным штаммом холеры через месяц и семь месяцев после вакцинации.</p><p>Выявлено, что иммуномодуляторы повышают иммуногенность и протективность антигенов, входящих в состав противохолерной вакцины. Использование всех иммунопрепаратов увеличивает продукцию специфических иммуноглобулинов в сыворотке вакцинированных экспериментальных животных. Показано, что в первый месяц после вакцинации наиболее эффективно стимулировал образование антител полиоксидоний, однако ликопид способствовал более длительному сохранению противохолерных иммуноглобулинов в сыворотке вакцинированных кроликов. Сочетанное применение вакцины и ликопида предотвращало развитие холеры у всех взятых в эксперимент животных, в том числе вакцинированных сниженной дозой. В отдаленные сроки поствакцинального периода этот иммуномодулятор повышал протективность противохолерной вакцины в три раза. Полиоксидоний и деринат также увеличивали защитный эффект противохолерной вакцины, но несколько уступали в этом ликопиду. Совместное применение противохолерной вакцины и иммуномодуляторов, особенно ликопида, может быть использовано для совершенствования специфической профилактики холеры. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>It is known that the combined use of vaccines, cytokines and various immunomodulatory drugs contributes to the development of a full-fledged immune response. This approach makes it possible to enhance the immunogenicity of modern vaccines and to direct the development of immune responses according to the humoral or cellular type, depending on the properties of the pathogen of a particular disease. The improvement of preventive drugs due to their combined use with cytokines and immunomodulators increases the intensity of immunity, increases the level of production of specific immunoglobulins, the protectivity of antigens, and also reduces the manifestation of adverse reactions leading to post-vaccination complications.</p><p>Immunomodulators are already successfully used in drugs intended for the treatment and prevention of chronic herpes infections and influenza vaccines. Numerous experimental and clinical data indicate a positive effect of the use of immunomodulatory drugs in the vaccination of various viral and bacterial infections, including particularly dangerous ones.</p><p>Improving the specific prevention of cholera can be achieved through immunomodulatory agents that can stimulate the formation of a local and systemic immune response.</p><p>We conducted a comparative assessment of the feasibility of the combined use of the cholera bivalent chemical vaccine (the Federal Government Health Institution Antiplague Research Institute “Microbe”) and immunomodulators in order to increase the effectiveness of cholera vaccination.</p><p>Since the cholera vaccine causes the activation of the humoral immune response, the production of specific immunoglobulins in the body of vaccinated experimental animals and the effect of immunomodulators on this process at different times of the post-vaccination period were evaluated.</p><p>The ability of immunomodulators to increase the protective activity of the cholera vaccine was studied by infecting animals with a virulent strain of cholera one month and seven months after vaccination.</p><p>It was found that immunomodulators increase the immunogenicity and protectivity of antigens that are part of the anti-cholera vaccine. The use of all immunopreparations increases the production of specific immunoglobulins in the serum of vaccinated experimental animals. It was shown that in the first month after vaccination, polyoxidonium most effectively stimulated the formation of antibodies, but lycopide contributed to a longer retention of anti-cholera immunoglobulins in the serum of vaccinated rabbits. The combined use of the vaccine and lycopide prevented the development of cholera in all animals taken in the experiment, including those vaccinated with a reduced dose. In the long-term post-vaccination period, this immunomodulator increased the protectiveness of the anti-cholera vaccine by three times. Polyoxidonium and derinate also increased the protective effect of the cholera vaccine, but were slightly inferior to lycopide. The combined use of cholera vaccine and immunomodulators, especially lycopide, can be used to improve specific cholera prevention.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>профилактика</kwd><kwd>холера</kwd><kwd>иммуногенность</kwd><kwd>протективность</kwd><kwd>вакцина</kwd><kwd>иммуномодуляторы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cholera</kwd><kwd>cholera vaccine</kwd><kwd>immunomodulators</kwd><kwd>immunotherapy</kwd><kwd>protectivity</kwd><kwd>immunogenicity</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abramova N.N., Simbirtsev A.S., Dolgushin I.I. The effect of bestim and betaleukin on the immune status of patients with secondary immunodeficiency states during vaccination against viral hepatitis B. Cytokines and Inflammation, 2004, Vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 29-35. 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